First draft of the profiling results. Validation and second reading pending

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Jaume Nin committed 2011-11-21 18:48:14 +01:00
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@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@ GRAPHS_EPS = \
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File diff suppressed because it is too large. Load diff
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+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Overview and objectives
***********************
Execution time and memory consumption
-------------------------------------
The main profiling objective is to assess the simulator performance on a broad set of situations. This evaluation provides reference values for simulation running times and memory consumption figures. Also, it helps identifying potential performance improvements or bottlenecks and checking that no scalability problems arise while increasing the number of eNodeB and the number of UEs attached to each eNodeB.
In order to provide an evaluation of the execution time and
memory consumption, a
reference simulation program (``examples/profiling-reference``) has been
developed. This program simulates a scenario
composed by a set of eNodeBs, and a set of UEs attached to each eNB. All eNodeBs
have the same number of attached UEs. Communications are performed both in the
dowlink and in the uplink using a saturation model (i.e., each RLC instance
always has a PDU to transmit). The UEs are all in the same position than its
eNodeB and the eNodeBs are distributed in a line, each one 140m away from the
previous one. The total simulation time is set to 60s.
In the following sections, a detailed description of the general profiling framework employed to perform this profiling study is introduced. It also introduces the details of the main tests performed and its results are evaluated.
Using this simulation program, we ran a simulation campaign varying the number
of eNBs as well as the number of UEs per eNB. For each simulation, we measured
the execution time using the ``time`` shell command in linux, and the memory
consumption by looking at the information in ``/proc/\{pid\}/statm``. The
reference hardware platform is an Intel Core2 Duo E8400 3.00GHz with 512 MB of
RAM memory running a Fedora Core 10 distribution with kernel
2.6.27.5. The simulator build used in this
experiment was configured with the options ``-d optimized
--enable-static``.
Framework description
*********************
The results are reported in `fig-simulationTime`_ and `fig-memoryUsage`_.
We note that the memory usage, as expected,
primarily depends on the number of eNBs, however is in general quite low. The
execution time depends significantly on both the number of eNBs and the number
of UEs per eNB. For the case of 10 UEs per eNB, we also show that the
experimental data can be fitted quite accurately by a quadratic function. We
suggest that this behavior is due to the fact that the
interference calculations have a computational complexity which is quadratic with
respect to the number of eNBs, and which is the dominant contribution in the overall
computational load.
Simulation script
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The simulation script used for all the results gathered in this documentation is located at ``src/lte/examples/lena-runtime-profiler.cc``. This script generated a squared grid topology, placing a eNodeB at the centre of the square. UEs attached to this node are scattered randomly across the square (using a random uniform distribution along X and Y axis). If *BuildingPropagationModel* is used
.. TODO: Insert figure picturing the geometry of the simulation.
RLC and MAC traces are enabled for all UEs and all eNodeBs and those traces are written to disk directly. The MAC scheduler used is *propotional fair*
.. _fig-simulationTime:
Simulation input parameters
---------------------------
The *lena-runtime-profiler* simulation script accepts the following input parameters:
* ``simTime``: time to simulate (in seconds)
* ``nUe``: number of UEs attached to each eNodeB
* ``nEnb``: number of eNodeB composing the grid per floor
* ``nFloors``: number of floors, 0 for *Friis propagation model* (no walls), 1 for *Building propagation model*
* ``traceDirectory``: destination directory where simulation traces will be stored
Time measurement
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Running time is measured using default Linux shell command **time**. This command counts the user time invested in the execution of a program.
Perl script
~~~~~~~~~~~
To simplify the process of running the profiling script for a wide range of values and collecting its data, a simple Perl script to automate the whole process has been developed. It is placed in ``src/lte/test/lte-test-run-time.pl``. It simply runs a batch of simulations with a range of parameters and stores the timing results in a CSV file called *times.csv*.
Requirements
------------
The following Perl modules are required to use the provided script, all of them available from CPAN:
* IO::CaptureOutput
* Statistics::Descriptive
* Cwd
Reference software and equipment
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
All timing tests had been run in a Intel Pentium IV 3.00 GHz machine with 512 Mb of RAM memory running Fedora Core 10 with a 2.6.27.41-170.2.117 kernel, storing the traces directly to the hard disk.
Also, as a reference configuration, the build has been configured static and optimized. The exact ``waf`` command issued is:
``CXXFLAGS="-O3 -w" ./waf -d optimized configure --enable-static --enable-examples``
Results
*******
The following results and figures had been obtained with LENA **changeset 1823cde6f40b**.
Running time
~~~~~~~~~~~~
This scenario, evaluates the running time in for a fixed simulation time (10s) increasing the number of UEs attached to each eNodeB and the number of planted eNodeBs in every scenario. Friis propagation model is used as a reference.
.. _fig-runTime:
.. figure:: figures/runningTime10s.*
:align: center
:width: 60%
Running time
Propagation model
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The objective of this scenario is to evaluate the impact of the more complex building propagation model, so a set of scenarios has been run with Friis propagation model and Building propagation model and its run time are compared in the following figure.
.. _fig-runTime:
.. figure:: figures/propagationModel.*
:align: center
:width: 60%
Propagation Model
Simulation time
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In this scenario, for a fixed set of UEs per eNodeB, different simulation times had been run. As the simulation time increases, running time should also increase linearly. The slope of this line is a function of the complexity of the scenario: the more eNodeB / UEs placed, the higher the slope of the line.
.. _fig-runTime:
.. figure:: figures/simulationTime.*
:align: center
:width: 60%
Execution time of the reference program for a simulation duration of 60s.
Simulation time
.. _fig-memoryUsage:
.. figure:: figures/memoryUsage.*
:align: center
Memory usage of the reference program.
Memory usage
~~~~~~~~~~~~