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add: chapter7
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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# coding=utf-8
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#######################################################################################
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# leecode 1143 最长公共子序列
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#
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# 给定两个字符串 text1 和 text2,返回这两个字符串的最长公共子序列的长度。
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# 一个字符串的 子序列 是指这样一个新的字符串:它是由原字符串在不改变字符的相对顺序的情况下删除某些字符(也可以不删除任何字符)后组成的新字符串。
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# 例如,"ace" 是 "abcde" 的子序列,但 "aec" 不是 "abcde" 的子序列。两个字符串的「公共子序列」是这两个字符串所共同拥有的子序列。
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# 若这两个字符串没有公共子序列,则返回0。
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#
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# 示例 1:
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# 输入:text1 = "abcde", text2 = "ace"
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# 输出:3
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# 解释:最长公共子序列是 "ace",它的长度为 3。
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#
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# 示例 2:
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# 输入:text1 = "abc", text2 = "abc"
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# 输出:3
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# 解释:最长公共子序列是 "abc",它的长度为 3。
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#
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# 示例 3:
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# 输入:text1 = "abc", text2 = "def"
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# 输出:0
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# 解释:两个字符串没有公共子序列,返回 0。
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#######################################################################################
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class Solution:
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def longestCommonSubsequence(self, text1, text2):
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"""
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:type text1:str
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:type text2:str
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:rtype int
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(knowledge)
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思路:
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1. 使用动态规划;
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2. 定义状态:dp[i][j] => 表示text1的前i个字符构成的子串和text2的前j个字符构成的子串的最长公共子序列长度;
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3. base case => dp[0][...]和dp[...][0]都应该为0,表示其中一个串为空串的情况下,最长公共子序列长度自然为0;
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4. 状态转移方程如下:
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f(i, j) = 0 i == 0 || j == 0
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f(i - 1, j - 1) + 1 i > 0 && j > 0 && text1[i] == text2[j]
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max{f(i - 1, j), f(i, j - 1)} i > 0 && j > 0 && text1[i] != text2[j]
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tip: 可以参考这边的分析 => https://labuladong.gitbook.io/algo/dong-tai-gui-hua-xi-lie/zui-chang-gong-gong-zi-xu-lie
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"""
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m, n = len(text1), len(text2)
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# 初始化dp数组
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dp = [[0] * (n + 1) for i in range(m + 1)]
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for i in range(1, m + 1):
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for j in range(1, n + 1):
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if text1[i - 1] == text2[j - 1]:
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dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1] + 1
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else:
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dp[i][j] = max(dp[i - 1][j], dp[i][j - 1])
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return dp[m][n]
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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solution = Solution()
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print(solution.longestCommonSubsequence("abcde", "ace"), "\n= 3")
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print(solution.longestCommonSubsequence("abc", "abc"), "\n= 3")
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print(solution.longestCommonSubsequence("abc", "def"), "\n= 0")
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