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Author SHA1 Message Date
Brandon Heller 6d06ab3591 Add .config 2012-06-03 00:49:20 -07:00
Brandon Heller 9977ca16bb Fix build error w/.config not there 2012-06-03 05:34:58 +00:00
Brandon Heller 1631044f7b Add 3.0 kernel build files 2012-06-03 03:51:08 +00:00
150 changed files with 20067 additions and 13202 deletions
-1
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@@ -1 +0,0 @@
*.py diff=python
-19
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@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
Mininet uses GitHub issues for bug reports and feature requests only.
These issues can be viewed at bugs.mininet.org
If you have a question that is not a bug report or a feature request,
please use the documentation at docs.mininet.org, the FAQ
at faq.mininet.org, and the mininet-discuss mailing list.
For bug reports, please fill in the following information in detail,
and also feel free to include additional information such as debug
output from mn -v debug, etc.
--- Cut Here ---
### Expected/Desired Behavior:
### Actual Behavior:
### Detailed Steps to Reproduce the Behavior:
### Additional Information:
+2 -8
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@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
mnexec
*.pyc
*~
*.1
*.xcodeproj
*.xcworkspace
\#*\#
mininet.egg-info
build
dist
doc/html
doc/latex
trunk
build/*
dist/*
+8 -14
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@@ -41,21 +41,16 @@ load-plugins=
# can either give multiple identifier separated by comma (,) or put this option
# multiple time (only on the command line, not in the configuration file where
# it should appear only once).
disable=pointless-except, invalid-name, super-init-not-called, fixme, star-args,
too-many-instance-attributes, too-few-public-methods, too-many-arguments,
too-many-locals, too-many-public-methods, duplicate-code, bad-whitespace,
locally-disabled, locally-enabled
disable=W0704,C0103,W0231,E1102,W0511,W0142,R0902,R0903,R0904,R0913,R0914,R0801,I0011
# bad-continuation, wrong-import-order
[REPORTS]
# Set the output format. Available formats are text, parseable, colorized, msvs
# (visual studio) and html
output-format=colorized
msg-template='{path}:{line}: [{msg_id}({symbol}), {obj}] {msg}'
# Include message's id in output
# Include message's id in outpu
include-ids=yes
# Put messages in a separate file for each module / package specified on the
@@ -63,7 +58,7 @@ include-ids=yes
# written in a file name "pylint_global.[txt|html]".
files-output=no
# Tells whether to display a full report or only the messages
# Tells wether to display a full report or only the messages
reports=no
# Python expression which should return a note less than 10 (10 is the highes
@@ -113,10 +108,10 @@ const-rgx=(([A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)|(__.*__))$
class-rgx=[A-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9]+$
# Regular expression which should only match correct function names
function-rgx=[a-z_][a-z0-9]{2,30}$
function-rgx=[a-z_][a-z0-9_]{2,30}$
# Regular expression which should only match correct method names
method-rgx=[a-z_][a-z0-9]{2,30}$
method-rgx=[a-z_][a-z0-9_]{2,30}$
# Regular expression which should only match correct instance attribute names
attr-rgx=[a-z_][a-z0-9_]{2,30}$
@@ -125,7 +120,7 @@ attr-rgx=[a-z_][a-z0-9_]{2,30}$
argument-rgx=[a-z_][a-z0-9_]{2,30}$
# Regular expression which should only match correct variable names
variable-rgx=[a-z_][a-z0-9]{2,30}$
variable-rgx=[a-z_][a-z0-9_]{2,30}$
# Regular expression which should only match correct list comprehension /
# generator expression variable names
@@ -196,7 +191,7 @@ additional-builtins=
ignore-iface-methods=isImplementedBy,deferred,extends,names,namesAndDescriptions,queryDescriptionFor,getBases,getDescriptionFor,getDoc,getName,getTaggedValue,getTaggedValueTags,isEqualOrExtendedBy,setTaggedValue,isImplementedByInstancesOf,adaptWith,is_implemented_by
# List of method names used to declare (i.e. assign) instance attributes.
defining-attr-methods=__init__,__new__,setUp,build
defining-attr-methods=__init__,__new__,setUp
# checks for sign of poor/misdesign:
@@ -269,8 +264,7 @@ int-import-graph=
max-line-length=80
# Maximum number of lines in a module
# XXX 1500 -> 4000 for miniedit.py
max-module-lines=4000
max-module-lines=1500
# String used as indentation unit. This is usually " " (4 spaces) or "\t" (1
# tab).
-35
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@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
language: python
sudo: required
matrix:
include:
- dist: trusty
python: 2.7
env: dist="14.04 LTS trusty"
- dist: trusty
python: 3.6
env: dist="14.04 LTS trusty"
before_install:
- sudo apt-get update -qq
- sudo apt-get install -qq vlan
- PYTHON=`which python` util/install.sh -n
install:
- bash -c "if [ `lsb_release -rs` == '14.04' ]; then make codecheck; fi"
- pip install pexpect || pip3 install pexpect
- util/install.sh -nfvw
script:
- alias sudo="sudo env PATH=$PATH"
- export PYTHON=`which python`
- echo 'px import sys; print(sys.version_info)' | sudo $PYTHON bin/mn -v output
- sudo $PYTHON bin/mn --test pingall
- sudo $PYTHON mininet/test/runner.py -v -quick
- sudo $PYTHON examples/test/runner.py -v -quick
notifications:
email:
on_success: never
# More details: https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/notifications
-52
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@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
Mininet Contributors
Mininet is an open source project and we gratefully acknowledge
the many contributions to the project! If you have contributed
code into the project and are not on this list, please let us know
or send a pull request.
Contributors include:
Mininet Core Team (and alumni)
Bob Lantz
Brandon Heller
Nikhil Handigol
Vimal Jeyakumar
Brian O'Connor
Cody Burkard
Additional Mininet Contributors
Tomasz Buchert
Gustavo Pantuza Coelho Pinto
Fernando Cappi
Ryan Cox
Shaun Crampton
David Erickson
Glen Gibb
Andrew Ferguson
Eder Leao Fernandes
Gregory Gee
Jon Hall
Roan Huang
Vitaly Ivanov
Babis Kaidos
Rich Lane
Rémy Léone
Zi Shen Lim
David Mahler
Murphy McCauley
José Pedro Oliveira
James Page
Angad Singh
Piyush Srivastava
Ed Swierk
Darshan Thaker
Andreas Wundsam
Isaku Yamahata
Baohua Yang
Thanks also to everyone who has submitted issues and pull
requests on github, and to our friendly mininet-discuss
mailing list!
+212 -118
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@@ -1,179 +1,273 @@
Mininet Installation/Configuration Notes
----------------------------------------
Mininet 2.3.0d4
Mininet 1.0.0
---
The supported installation methods for Mininet are 1) using a
pre-built VM image, and 2) native installation on Ubuntu. You can also
easily create your own Mininet VM image (4).
The supported installation methods for Mininet are 1) using
a pre-built VM image, and 2) native installation on Ubuntu or Debian.
(Other distributions may be supported in the future - if you would
like to contribute an installation script, we would welcome it!)
1. Easiest "installation" - use our pre-built VM image!
1. Easiest "install" - use our pre-built VM image!
The easiest way to get Mininet running is to start with one of our
pre-built virtual machine images from <http://mininet.org/>
The easiest way to get Mininet running is to start with one of our pre-built
virtual machine images from http://openflow.org/mininet
Boot up the VM image, log in, and follow the instructions on the
Mininet web site.
Boot up the VM image, log in, and follow the instructions on the wiki page.
One advantage of using the VM image is that it doesn't mess with
your native OS installation or damage it in any way.
An additional advantage of using the VM image is that it doesn't mess with
your native OS installation or damage it in any way.
Although a single Mininet instance can simulate multiple networks
with multiple controllers, only one Mininet instance may currently
be run at a time, and Mininet requires root access in the machine
it's running on. Therefore, if you have a multiuser system, you
may wish to consider running Mininet in a VM.
2. Native installation (experimental!) for Ubuntu 10.04 LTS
2. Next-easiest option: use our Ubuntu package!
If you are running Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (or possibly Debian 5), you may be
able to use our handy install.sh script, which is in mininet/util.
To install Mininet itself (i.e. `mn` and the Python API) on Ubuntu
12.10+:
WARNING: USE AT YOUR OWN RISK!
sudo apt-get install mininet
install.sh is a bit intrusive and may possibly damage your OS and/or
home directory, by creating/modifying several directories such as
mininet, openflow, openvswitch and noxcore. Although we hope it won't
do anything completely terrible, you may want to look at the script
before you run it, and you should make sure your system and home
directory are backed up just in case!
Note: if you are upgrading from an older version of Mininet, make
sure you remove the old OVS from `/usr/local`:
To install ALL of the software which we use for OpenFlow tutorials,
you may use
sudo rm /usr/local/bin/ovs*
sudo rm /usr/local/sbin/ovs*
$ mininet/util/install.sh
3. Native installation from source
This takes about 20-30 minutes.
3.1. Native installation from source on Ubuntu 12.04+
Alternately, you can install just the pieces you need.
If you're reading this, you've probably already done so, but the
command to download the Mininet source code is:
We recommend the following steps, in order:
git clone git://github.com/mininet/mininet.git
[a) On Debian 5, first install a Mininet-compatible kernel:
$ mininet/util/install.sh -k
Reboot and run 'uname -r' to make sure you're running the new kernel.]
Note that the above git command will check out the latest and greatest
Mininet (which we recommend!) If you want to run the last tagged/released
version of Mininet, you can look at the release tags using
b) Install mininet and its dependencies:
$ mininet/util/install.sh -n
c) Install OpenFlow 1.0 and associated useful software
$ mininet/util/install.sh -f
cd mininet
git tag
d) Install Open vSwitch and its kernel module
$ mininet/util/install.sh -vm
and then
e) If you wish to install the version of NOX we use in the tutorial:
$ mininet/util/install.sh -x
git checkout <release tag>
Note: NOX development is progressing over time, so after you complete
the tutorial you may wish to install the latest and greatest NOX from
noxrepo.org.
where <release tag> is the release you want to check out.
Good luck! Some additional installation notes are provided below, for
the brave and/or Linux-savvy, or those who are trying to understand what
is installed and why.
If you are running Ubuntu, Debian, or Fedora, you may be able to use
our handy `install.sh` script, which is in `util/`.
p.s. Note that only one instance of Mininet is currently supported on a single
machine - that's one reason we recommend using a VM to run it.
*WARNING: USE AT YOUR OWN RISK!*
---
`install.sh` is a bit intrusive and may possibly damage your OS
and/or home directory, by creating/modifying several directories
such as `mininet`, `openflow`, `oftest`, `pox`, etc.. We recommend
trying it in a VM before trying it on a system you use from day to day.
Mininet Manual Installation Notes
Although we hope it won't do anything completely terrible, you may
want to look at the script before you run it, and you should make
sure your system and home directory are backed up just in case!
These installation notes assume you understand how to do things like
compile kernels, apply patches, configure networks, write code, etc.. If
this is unfamiliar territory, or if you run into trouble, we recommend
using one of our pre-built virtual machine images (see above.)
To install Mininet itself, the OpenFlow reference implementation, and
Open vSwitch, you may use:
If you wish to try to create a VM to run Mininet, you may also wish
to look at the Wiki page:
util/install.sh -fnv
http://openflow.org/foswiki/bin/view/OpenFlow/MininetVMCreationNotes
This should be reasonably quick, and the following command should
work after the installation:
0. Obtaining Mininet
sudo mn --test pingall
If you're reading this, you've already done it, but the command to
download mininet is:
git clone git://openflow.org/mininet.git
1. Core Mininet installation
To install ALL of the software which we use for OpenFlow tutorials,
including POX, the OpenFlow WireShark dissector, the `oftest`
framework, and other potentially useful software, you may use:
The core Mininet installation requires gcc, make, python,
and setuptools. On Ubuntu and Debian you may install them with:
# aptitude install gcc make python setuptools
util/install.sh -a
To install Mininet itself, with root privileges:
# cd mininet
# make install
This takes about 4 minutes on our test system.
This places the mininet package in /usr/lib/python-*/site-packages/,
so that 'import mininet' will work, and installs the primary mn
script (mn) as well as its helper utility (mnexec.)
On Ubuntu and Debian, Mininet's dependencies and core files may also be
installed using mininet/util/install.sh -n
You can change the directory where the dependencies are installed using
the -s <directory> flag.
2. Installation script for Ubuntu/Debian Lenny
util/install.sh -s <directory> -a
If you are running Ubuntu 10.04 or Debian Lenny, you may be able to use the
util/install.sh script to install a compatible Linux kernel as well as
other software including the OpenFlow reference implementation, the Open
vSwitch switch implementation, and the NOX OpenFlow controller.
3.2. Native installation from source on Fedora 18+.
Many different installation options are possible by passing different
options to install.sh; install.sh -h lists them all.
Assuming the mininet source tree is installed in ~/mininet, the steps to run
install.sh to install EVERYTHING we use for OpenFlow tutorials are:
% cd
% time ~/mininet/util/install.sh # installs tons of stuff
% sudo reboot # to load new kernel
% ~/mininet/util/install.sh -c # to clean out unneeded kernel stuff
As root execute the following operations:
This installs a lot of useful software, but it will take a while (30
minutes or more, depending on your network connection, computer, etc..)
Probably the minimal semi-useful configuration would be to install
Mininet itself, kernel support if necessary, and either the
reference OpenFlow switch or Open vSwitch. This could be installed
as follows:
% sudo ~/mininet/util/install.sh -knvm
Respectively, this installs kernel support, core mininet dependencies,
Open vSwitch, and the Open vSwitch kernel module. If a new kernel was
installed, then a reboot may be required.
* install git
If install.sh cannot be used for some reason (e.g. you're on Fedora
or some other Linux - please don't say CentOS) or if you don't want to
install all of these components (they're useful!), the kernel and
OpenFlow software requirements are described in steps [3] and [4],
which follow.
yum install git
If you successfully used install.sh, congratulations! You're basically
done. Proceed to step [6] for additional advice.
3. Linux Kernel requirements
* create an user account (e.g. mininet) and add it to the wheel group
Mininet requires a kernel built with network namespace support enabled,
i.e. with CONFIG_NET_NS=Y, such as the kernel shipped with
Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, currently 2.6.32. On Ubuntu 10.04, you should not need
to install or build a custom kernel, although 2.6.33+ is faster at
tearing down virtual ethernet pairs.
useradd [...] mininet
usermod -a -G wheel mininet
For Ubuntu and Debian, we provide a 2.6.33 kernel package which you may be
able to install using "util/install.sh -k". Note our kernel package
requires an ext2 or ext3 root file system, so it won't work if you have
a default Ubuntu install, which uses ext4.
If your kernel wasn't compiled with CONFIG_NET_NS=Y, you will need to
build and install a kernel that does! >= 2.6.33 works better, but may
be harder to get working, depending on your Linux distribution.
A script for building Debian packages for 2.6.33.1 is provided in
mininet/util/kbuild. You may wish to read it, as it applies patches
to enable 2.6.33.1 to build under debian-stable, and to enable the
tun driver to work correctly with Mininet.
Earlier kernels (e.g. 2.6.29) work with CONFIG_NET_NS enabled and no
additional patches, but are much slower at removing veth interfaces,
resulting in much slower switch shutdown.
* change the SElinux setting to permissive. It can be done
temporarily with:
For scalable configurations, you might need to increase some of your
kernel limits. Sample params are in util/sysctl_addon, which can be
appended to /etc/sysctl.conf (and modified as necessary for your
desired configuration):
setenforce 0
sudo su -c "cat sysctl_addon >> /etc/sysctl.conf"
then login with the new account (e.g. mininet) and do the following:
To save the config change, run:
* clone the Mininet repository
sudo sysctl -p
4. OpenFlow software and configuration requirements
git clone git://github.com/mininet/mininet.git
Mininet requires either the reference OpenFlow switch implementation
(from openflowswitch.org) or Open vSwitch (openvswitch.org) to be
installed. "make test" requires the reference user space
implementations as well as Open vSwitch. Note the reference kernel
implementation is not currently included in OpenFlow 1.0.
On Ubuntu and Debian, the install.sh script may be used with the '-f'
option to install the OpenFlow reference implementation, the '-v' option
to build Open vSwitch, and the '-m' option to install the Open vSwitch
kernel module into /lib/modules (note: you must build Open vSwitch first!)
Mininet will automatically load and remove kernel module dependencies
for supported switch types, using modprobe and rmmod - but these
modules must be in a location where modprobe can find them (e.g.
something like /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/net/)
* install Mininet, the OpenFlow reference implementation, and
Open vSwitch
The reference OpenFlow controller (controller(8)) only supports 16
switches by default! If you wish to run a network with more than 16
switches, please recompile controller(8) with larger limits, or use a
different controller such as nox. A patch to controller(8) is included
as util/openflow-patches/controller.patch.
5. Other software dependencies
util/install.sh -fnv
On Ubuntu and Debian, other Mininet dependencies may be installed using
the '-n' option of the install.sh script.
* enable and start openvswitch
To run the iperf test, you need to install iperf:
sudo systemctl enable openvswitch
sudo systemctl start openvswitch
sudo aptitude/yum install iperf
* test the mininet installation
We assume you already have ping installed. ;-)
To use xterm or sshd with Mininet, you need the following:
sudo mn --test pingall
4. Creating your own Mininet/OpenFlow tutorial VM
Creating your own Ubuntu Mininet VM for use with the OpenFlow tutorial
is easy! First, create a new Ubuntu VM. Next, run two commands in it:
wget https://raw.github.com/mininet/mininet/master/util/vm/install-mininet-vm.sh
time install-mininet-vm.sh
Finally, verify that Mininet is installed and working in the VM:
sudo mn --test pingall
5. Installation on other Linux distributions
Although we don't support other Linux distributions directly, it
should be possible to install and run Mininet with some degree of
manual effort.
In general, you must have:
* A Linux kernel compiled with network namespace support enabled
* An compatible software switch such as Open vSwitch or
the Linux bridge.
* Python, `bash`, `ping`, `iperf`, etc.
* Root privileges (required for network device access)
We encourage contribution of patches to the `install.sh` script to
support other Linux distributions.
sudo aptitude/yum install sshd xterm screen
Some examples may have additional requirements - consult the specific
example file for details.
The install.sh script has an '-x' option to install the version of
NOX from the OpenFlow tutorial.
6. Other notes and recommendations
If you did not install certain useful packages and you wish to later,
it may be possible to install them using install.sh.
Mininet should be run either on a machine with
no other important processes, or on a virtual machine (recommended!)
Multiple concurrent Mininet instances are not supported!
Good luck!
Mininet Team
---
Historical information on OpenFlow 0.8.9 and the reference kernel module:
The kernel reference implementation has been deprecated, but it may
be possible to get it work with Mininet.
To switch to the most recent OpenFlow 0.8.9 release branch (the most
recent one with full NOX support and kernel datapath support) in your
OpenFlow git tree:
git checkout -b release/0.8.9 remotes/origin/release/0.8.9
A patch to enable datapath.c to compile with recent kernels
is included in util/openflow-patches/datapath.patch.
In OpenFlow 1.0, switch port numbering starts at 1 (for better or for worse.)
To run with previous versions of OpenFlow, it may be necessary
to change SWITCH_PORT_BASE from 1 to 0 in node.py.
+2 -6
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@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
Mininet 2.3.0d4 License
Mininet 1.0.0 License
Copyright (c) 2013-2018 Open Networking Laboratory
Copyright (c) 2009-2012 Bob Lantz and The Board of Trustees of
The Leland Stanford Junior University
Original authors: Bob Lantz and Brandon Heller
Copyright (c) 2009-2011 Bob Lantz and Brandon Heller
We are making Mininet available for public use and benefit with the
expectation that others will use, modify and enhance the Software and
+13 -54
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@@ -1,34 +1,21 @@
MININET = mininet/*.py
TEST = mininet/test/*.py
EXAMPLES = mininet/examples/*.py
MN = bin/mn
PYTHON ?= python
PYMN = $(PYTHON) -B bin/mn
BIN = $(MN)
EXAMPLES = examples/*.py
BIN = bin/mn
PYSRC = $(MININET) $(TEST) $(EXAMPLES) $(BIN)
MNEXEC = mnexec
MANPAGES = mn.1 mnexec.1
P8IGN = E251,E201,E302,E202,E126,E127,E203,E226
PREFIX ?= /usr
BINDIR ?= $(PREFIX)/bin
MANDIR ?= $(PREFIX)/share/man/man1
DOCDIRS = doc/html doc/latex
PDF = doc/latex/refman.pdf
CFLAGS += -Wall -Wextra
P8IGN = E251,E201,E302,E202
all: codecheck test
clean:
rm -rf build dist *.egg-info *.pyc $(MNEXEC) $(MANPAGES) $(DOCDIRS)
rm -rf build dist *.egg-info *.pyc $(MNEXEC)
codecheck: $(PYSRC)
-echo "Running code check"
util/versioncheck.py
pyflakes $(PYSRC)
pylint --rcfile=.pylint $(PYSRC)
# Exclude miniedit from pep8 checking for now
pep8 --repeat --ignore=$(P8IGN) `ls $(PYSRC) | grep -v miniedit.py`
pep8 --repeat --ignore=$(P8IGN) $(PYSRC)
errcheck: $(PYSRC)
-echo "Running check for errors only"
@@ -38,43 +25,15 @@ errcheck: $(PYSRC)
test: $(MININET) $(TEST)
-echo "Running tests"
mininet/test/test_nets.py
mininet/test/test_hifi.py
slowtest: $(MININET)
-echo "Running slower tests (walkthrough, examples)"
mininet/test/test_walkthrough.py -v
mininet/examples/test/runner.py -v
install: $(MNEXEC)
install $(MNEXEC) /usr/local/bin/
python setup.py install
mnexec: mnexec.c $(MN) mininet/net.py
cc $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -DVERSION=\"`PYTHONPATH=. $(PYMN) --version`\" $< -o $@
develop: $(MNEXEC)
install $(MNEXEC) /usr/local/bin/
python setup.py develop
install-mnexec: $(MNEXEC)
install -D $(MNEXEC) $(BINDIR)/$(MNEXEC)
doc:
doxygen doxygen.cfg
install-manpages: $(MANPAGES)
install -D -t $(MANDIR) $(MANPAGES)
install: install-mnexec install-manpages
$(PYTHON) setup.py install
develop: $(MNEXEC) $(MANPAGES)
# Perhaps we should link these as well
install $(MNEXEC) $(BINDIR)
install $(MANPAGES) $(MANDIR)
$(PYTHON) setup.py develop
man: $(MANPAGES)
mn.1: $(MN)
PYTHONPATH=. help2man -N -n "create a Mininet network." \
--no-discard-stderr "$(PYMN)" -o $@
mnexec.1: mnexec
help2man -N -n "execution utility for Mininet." \
-h "-h" -v "-v" --no-discard-stderr ./$< -o $@
.PHONY: doc
doc: man
doxygen doc/doxygen.cfg
make -C doc/latex
+86
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@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
Mininet: A Simple Virtual Testbed for OpenFlow/SDN
or
How to Squeeze a 1024-node OpenFlow Network onto your Laptop
Mininet 1.0.0
---
Welcome to Mininet!
Mininet creates OpenFlow test networks by using process-based
virtualization and network namespaces.
Simulated hosts (as well as switches and controllers with the user
datapath) are created as processes in separate network namespaces. This
allows a complete OpenFlow network to be simulated on top of a single
Linux kernel.
Mininet may be invoked directly from the command line, and also provides a
handy Python API for creating networks of varying sizes and topologies.
Mininet is currently in *limited alpha release*. We encourage you to
experiment with it and hope that you will provide us with feedback on
features, documentation, and how you're using it. We plan to make it
available publicly via a GPL or BSD license (probably in April), but please
don't distribute the code or URLs yet! The feedback you provide will help
us improve Mininet for general release.
In order to run Mininet, you must have:
* A Linux 2.6.26 or greater kernel compiled with network namespace support
enabled (see INSTALL for additional information.)
* An OpenFlow implementation (either the reference user or kernel
space implementations, or Open vSwitch.) Appropriate kernel modules
(e.g. tun and ofdatapath for the reference kernel implementation) must
be loaded.
* Python, bash, ping, iperf, etc.
* Root privileges (required for network device access)
Currently Mininet includes:
- A simple node infrastructure (Host, Switch, Controller classes) for
creating virtual OpenFlow networks
- A simple network infrastructure (Mininet class) supporting parametrized
topologies (Topo subclasses.) For example, a tree network may be created
with the command
# mn --topo tree,depth=2,fanout=3
- Basic tests, including connectivity (ping) and bandwidth (iperf)
- A command-line interface (CLI class) which provides useful
diagnostic commands, as well as the ability to send a command to a
node. For example,
mininet> h11 ifconfig -a
tells host h11 to run the command 'ifconfig -a'
- A 'cleanup' command to get rid of junk (interfaces, processes, files in
/tmp, etc.) which might be left around by Mininet or Linux. Try this if
things stop working!
# mn -c
- Examples (in the examples/ directory) to help you get started.
Batteries are not included (yet!)
However, some preliminary installation notes are included in the INSTALL
file.
Additionally, much useful information, including a Mininet tutorial,
is available on the Mininet wiki:
http://openflow.org/mininet
Enjoy, and good luck!
---
Bob Lantz
rlantz@cs.stanford.edu
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@@ -1,132 +0,0 @@
Mininet: Rapid Prototyping for Software Defined Networks
========================================================
*The best way to emulate almost any network on your laptop!*
Mininet 2.3.0d4
[![Build Status][1]](https://travis-ci.org/mininet/mininet)
### What is Mininet?
Mininet emulates a complete network of hosts, links, and switches
on a single machine. To create a sample two-host, one-switch network,
just run:
`sudo mn`
Mininet is useful for interactive development, testing, and demos,
especially those using OpenFlow and SDN. OpenFlow-based network
controllers prototyped in Mininet can usually be transferred to
hardware with minimal changes for full line-rate execution.
### How does it work?
Mininet creates virtual networks using process-based virtualization
and network namespaces - features that are available in recent Linux
kernels. In Mininet, hosts are emulated as `bash` processes running in
a network namespace, so any code that would normally run on a Linux
server (like a web server or client program) should run just fine
within a Mininet "Host". The Mininet "Host" will have its own private
network interface and can only see its own processes. Switches in
Mininet are software-based switches like Open vSwitch or the OpenFlow
reference switch. Links are virtual ethernet pairs, which live in the
Linux kernel and connect our emulated switches to emulated hosts
(processes).
### Features
Mininet includes:
* A command-line launcher (`mn`) to instantiate networks.
* A handy Python API for creating networks of varying sizes and
topologies.
* Examples (in the `examples/` directory) to help you get started.
* Full API documentation via Python `help()` docstrings, as well as
the ability to generate PDF/HTML documentation with `make doc`.
* Parametrized topologies (`Topo` subclasses) using the Mininet
object. For example, a tree network may be created with the
command:
`mn --topo tree,depth=2,fanout=3`
* A command-line interface (`CLI` class) which provides useful
diagnostic commands (like `iperf` and `ping`), as well as the
ability to run a command to a node. For example,
`mininet> h11 ifconfig -a`
tells host h11 to run the command `ifconfig -a`
* A "cleanup" command to get rid of junk (interfaces, processes, files
in /tmp, etc.) which might be left around by Mininet or Linux. Try
this if things stop working!
`mn -c`
### New features in this release
This is primarily a performance improvement and bug fix release.
- Batch startup has been implemented for Open vSwitch, improving
startup performance.
- OVS patch links have been implemented via OVSLink and --link ovs
Warning! These links have *serious limitations* compared to
virtual Ethernet pairs: they are not attached to real Linux
interfaces so you cannot use tcpdump or wireshark with them;
they also cannot be used in long chains - we don't recommend more
than 64 OVSLinks, for example --linear,64. However, they can offer
significantly better performance than veth pairs, for certain
configurations.
- You can now easily install Mininet on a Raspberry Pi ;-)
- Additional information for this release and previous releases
may be found in the release notes on docs.mininet.org
### Installation
See `INSTALL` for installation instructions and details.
### Documentation
In addition to the API documentation (`make doc`), much useful
information, including a Mininet walkthrough and an introduction
to the Python API, is available on the
[Mininet Web Site](http://mininet.org).
There is also a wiki which you are encouraged to read and to
contribute to, particularly the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ.)
### Support
Mininet is community-supported. We encourage you to join the
Mininet mailing list, `mininet-discuss` at:
<https://mailman.stanford.edu/mailman/listinfo/mininet-discuss>
### Join Us
Thanks again to all of the Mininet contributors!
Mininet is an open source project and is currently hosted
at <https://github.com/mininet>. You are encouraged to download
the code, examine it, modify it, and submit bug reports, bug fixes,
feature requests, new features and other issues and pull requests.
Thanks to everyone who has contributed code to the Mininet project
(see CONTRIBUTORS for more info!) It is because of everyone's
hard work that Mininet continues to grow and improve.
### Enjoy Mininet
Best wishes, and we look forward to seeing what you can do with
Mininet to change the networking world!
Bob Lantz
Mininet Core Team
[1]: https://travis-ci.org/mininet/mininet.svg?branch=master
+119 -294
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@@ -12,148 +12,79 @@ Example to pull custom params (topo, switch, etc.) from a file:
"""
from optparse import OptionParser
import os
import os.path
import sys
import time
# Fix setuptools' evil madness, and open up (more?) security holes
if 'PYTHONPATH' in os.environ:
sys.path = os.environ[ 'PYTHONPATH' ].split( ':' ) + sys.path
from mininet.clean import cleanup
import mininet.cli
from mininet.log import lg, LEVELS, info, debug, warn, error, output
from mininet.net import Mininet, MininetWithControlNet, VERSION
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.log import lg, LEVELS, info, warn
from mininet.net import Mininet, MininetWithControlNet
from mininet.node import ( Host, CPULimitedHost, Controller, OVSController,
Ryu, NOX, RemoteController, findController,
DefaultController, NullController,
UserSwitch, OVSSwitch, OVSBridge,
IVSSwitch )
from mininet.nodelib import LinuxBridge
from mininet.link import Link, TCLink, TCULink, OVSLink
from mininet.topo import ( SingleSwitchTopo, LinearTopo,
SingleSwitchReversedTopo, MinimalTopo )
from mininet.topolib import TreeTopo, TorusTopo
from mininet.util import customClass, specialClass, splitArgs
NOX, RemoteController, UserSwitch, OVSKernelSwitch,
OVSLegacyKernelSwitch )
from mininet.link import Link, TCLink
from mininet.topo import SingleSwitchTopo, LinearTopo, SingleSwitchReversedTopo
from mininet.topolib import TreeTopo
from mininet.util import makeNumeric, custom, customConstructor, splitArgs
from mininet.util import buildTopo
from functools import partial
# Experimental! cluster edition prototype
from mininet.examples.cluster import ( MininetCluster, RemoteHost,
RemoteOVSSwitch, RemoteLink,
SwitchBinPlacer, RandomPlacer,
ClusterCleanup )
from mininet.examples.clustercli import ClusterCLI
PLACEMENT = { 'block': SwitchBinPlacer, 'random': RandomPlacer }
# built in topologies, created only when run
TOPODEF = 'minimal'
TOPOS = { 'minimal': MinimalTopo,
'linear': LinearTopo,
'reversed': SingleSwitchReversedTopo,
'single': SingleSwitchTopo,
'tree': TreeTopo,
'torus': TorusTopo }
TOPOS = { 'minimal': lambda: SingleSwitchTopo( k=2 ),
'linear': LinearTopo,
'reversed': SingleSwitchReversedTopo,
'single': SingleSwitchTopo,
'tree': TreeTopo }
SWITCHDEF = 'default'
SWITCHDEF = 'ovsk'
SWITCHES = { 'user': UserSwitch,
'ovs': OVSSwitch,
'ovsbr' : OVSBridge,
# Keep ovsk for compatibility with 2.0
'ovsk': OVSSwitch,
'ivs': IVSSwitch,
'lxbr': LinuxBridge,
'default': OVSSwitch }
'ovsk': OVSKernelSwitch,
'ovsl': OVSLegacyKernelSwitch }
HOSTDEF = 'proc'
HOSTS = { 'proc': Host,
'rt': specialClass( CPULimitedHost, defaults=dict( sched='rt' ) ),
'cfs': specialClass( CPULimitedHost, defaults=dict( sched='cfs' ) ) }
'rt': custom( CPULimitedHost, sched='rt' ),
'cfs': custom( CPULimitedHost, sched='cfs' ) }
CONTROLLERDEF = 'default'
CONTROLLERDEF = 'ref'
CONTROLLERS = { 'ref': Controller,
'ovsc': OVSController,
'nox': NOX,
'remote': RemoteController,
'ryu': Ryu,
'default': DefaultController, # Note: overridden below
'none': NullController }
'none': lambda name: None }
LINKDEF = 'default'
LINKS = { 'default': Link, # Note: overridden below
'tc': TCLink,
'tcu': TCULink,
'ovs': OVSLink }
LINKS = { 'default': Link,
'tc': TCLink }
# TESTS dict can contain functions and/or Mininet() method names
# XXX: it would be nice if we could specify a default test, but
# this may be tricky
TESTS = { name: True
for name in ( 'pingall', 'pingpair', 'iperf', 'iperfudp' ) }
CLI = None # Set below if needed
# optional tests to run
TESTS = [ 'cli', 'build', 'pingall', 'pingpair', 'iperf', 'all', 'iperfudp',
'none' ]
# Locally defined tests
def allTest( net ):
"Run ping and iperf tests"
net.waitConnected()
net.start()
net.ping()
net.iperf()
def nullTest( _net ):
"Null 'test' (does nothing)"
pass
TESTS.update( all=allTest, none=nullTest, build=nullTest )
# Map to alternate spellings of Mininet() methods
ALTSPELLING = { 'pingall': 'pingAll', 'pingpair': 'pingPair',
'iperfudp': 'iperfUdp' }
def runTests( mn, options ):
"""Run tests
mn: Mininet object
option: list of test optinos """
# Split option into test name and parameters
for option in options:
# Multiple tests may be separated by '+' for now
for test in option.split( '+' ):
test, args, kwargs = splitArgs( test )
test = ALTSPELLING.get( test.lower(), test )
testfn = TESTS.get( test, test )
if callable( testfn ):
testfn( mn, *args, **kwargs )
elif hasattr( mn, test ):
mn.waitConnected()
getattr( mn, test )( *args, **kwargs )
else:
raise Exception( 'Test %s is unknown - please specify one of '
'%s ' % ( test, TESTS.keys() ) )
'iperfudp': 'iperfUdp', 'iperfUDP': 'iperfUdp', 'prefixlen': 'prefixLen' }
def addDictOption( opts, choicesDict, default, name, **kwargs ):
def addDictOption( opts, choicesDict, default, name, helpStr=None ):
"""Convenience function to add choices dicts to OptionParser.
opts: OptionParser instance
choicesDict: dictionary of valid choices, must include default
default: default choice key
name: long option name
kwargs: additional arguments to add_option"""
helpStr = ( '|'.join( sorted( choicesDict.keys() ) ) +
'[,param=value...]' )
helpList = [ '%s=%s' % ( k, v.__name__ )
for k, v in choicesDict.items() ]
helpStr += ' ' + ( ' '.join( helpList ) )
params = dict( type='string', default=default, help=helpStr )
params.update( **kwargs )
opts.add_option( '--' + name, **params )
def version( *_args ):
"Print Mininet version and exit"
output( "%s\n" % VERSION )
exit()
help: string"""
if default not in choicesDict:
raise Exception( 'Invalid default %s for choices dict: %s' %
( default, name ) )
if not helpStr:
helpStr = ( '|'.join( sorted( choicesDict.keys() ) ) +
'[,param=value...]' )
opts.add_option( '--' + name,
type='string',
default = default,
help = helpStr )
class MininetRunner( object ):
@@ -169,35 +100,9 @@ class MininetRunner( object ):
self.setup()
self.begin()
def custom( self, _option, _opt_str, value, _parser ):
"""Parse custom file and add params.
option: option e.g. --custom
opt_str: option string e.g. --custom
value: the value the follows the option
parser: option parser instance"""
files = []
if os.path.isfile( value ):
# Accept any single file (including those with commas)
files.append( value )
else:
# Accept a comma-separated list of filenames
files += value.split(',')
for fileName in files:
customs = {}
if os.path.isfile( fileName ):
# pylint: disable=exec-used
exec( compile( open( fileName ).read(), fileName, 'exec' ),
customs, customs )
for name, val in customs.items():
self.setCustom( name, val )
else:
raise Exception( 'could not find custom file: %s' % fileName )
def setCustom( self, name, value ):
"Set custom parameters for MininetRunner."
if name in ( 'topos', 'switches', 'hosts', 'controllers', 'links'
'testnames', 'tests' ):
if name in ( 'topos', 'switches', 'hosts', 'controllers' ):
# Update dictionaries
param = name.upper()
globals()[ param ].update( value )
@@ -208,203 +113,140 @@ class MininetRunner( object ):
# Add or modify global variable or class
globals()[ name ] = value
def setNat( self, _option, opt_str, value, parser ):
"Set NAT option(s)"
assert self # satisfy pylint
parser.values.nat = True
# first arg, first char != '-'
if parser.rargs and parser.rargs[ 0 ][ 0 ] != '-':
value = parser.rargs.pop( 0 )
_, args, kwargs = splitArgs( opt_str + ',' + value )
parser.values.nat_args = args
parser.values.nat_kwargs = kwargs
def parseCustomFile( self, fileName ):
"Parse custom file and add params before parsing cmd-line options."
customs = {}
if os.path.isfile( fileName ):
execfile( fileName, customs, customs )
for name, val in customs.iteritems():
self.setCustom( name, val )
else:
parser.values.nat_args = []
parser.values.nat_kwargs = {}
raise Exception( 'could not find custom file: %s' % fileName )
def parseArgs( self ):
"""Parse command-line args and return options object.
returns: opts parse options dict"""
if '--custom' in sys.argv:
index = sys.argv.index( '--custom' )
if len( sys.argv ) > index + 1:
filename = sys.argv[ index + 1 ]
self.parseCustomFile( filename )
else:
raise Exception( 'Custom file name not found' )
desc = ( "The %prog utility creates Mininet network from the\n"
"command line. It can create parametrized topologies,\n"
"invoke the Mininet CLI, and run tests." )
usage = ( '%prog [options]\n'
'(type %prog -h for details)' )
opts = OptionParser( description=desc, usage=usage )
opts = OptionParser()
addDictOption( opts, SWITCHES, SWITCHDEF, 'switch' )
addDictOption( opts, HOSTS, HOSTDEF, 'host' )
addDictOption( opts, CONTROLLERS, [], 'controller', action='append' )
addDictOption( opts, CONTROLLERS, CONTROLLERDEF, 'controller' )
addDictOption( opts, LINKS, LINKDEF, 'link' )
addDictOption( opts, TOPOS, TOPODEF, 'topo' )
opts.add_option( '--clean', '-c', action='store_true',
default=False, help='clean and exit' )
opts.add_option( '--custom', action='callback',
callback=self.custom,
type='string',
help='read custom classes or params from .py file(s)'
)
opts.add_option( '--test', default=[], action='append',
dest='test', help='|'.join( TESTS.keys() ) )
default=False, help='clean and exit' )
opts.add_option( '--custom', type='string', default=None,
help='read custom topo and node params from .py file' )
opts.add_option( '--test', type='choice', choices=TESTS,
default=TESTS[ 0 ],
help='|'.join( TESTS ) )
opts.add_option( '--xterms', '-x', action='store_true',
default=False, help='spawn xterms for each node' )
default=False, help='spawn xterms for each node' )
opts.add_option( '--ipbase', '-i', type='string', default='10.0.0.0/8',
help='base IP address for hosts' )
opts.add_option( '--mac', action='store_true',
default=False, help='automatically set host MACs' )
default=False, help='automatically set host MACs' )
opts.add_option( '--arp', action='store_true',
default=False, help='set all-pairs ARP entries' )
default=False, help='set all-pairs ARP entries' )
opts.add_option( '--verbosity', '-v', type='choice',
choices=list( LEVELS.keys() ), default = 'info',
help = '|'.join( LEVELS.keys() ) )
choices=LEVELS.keys(), default = 'info',
help = '|'.join( LEVELS.keys() ) )
opts.add_option( '--innamespace', action='store_true',
default=False, help='sw and ctrl in namespace?' )
opts.add_option( '--listenport', type='int', default=6654,
default=False, help='sw and ctrl in namespace?' )
opts.add_option( '--listenport', type='int', default=6635,
help='base port for passive switch listening' )
opts.add_option( '--nolistenport', action='store_true',
default=False, help="don't use passive listening " +
"port")
default=False, help="don't use passive listening port")
opts.add_option( '--pre', type='string', default=None,
help='CLI script to run before tests' )
help='CLI script to run before tests' )
opts.add_option( '--post', type='string', default=None,
help='CLI script to run after tests' )
help='CLI script to run after tests' )
opts.add_option( '--prefixlen', type='int', default=8,
help='prefix length (e.g. /8) for automatic '
'network configuration' )
opts.add_option( '--pin', action='store_true',
default=False, help="pin hosts to CPU cores "
"(requires --host cfs or --host rt)" )
opts.add_option( '--nat', action='callback', callback=self.setNat,
help="[option=val...] adds a NAT to the topology that"
" connects Mininet hosts to the physical network."
" Warning: This may route any traffic on the machine"
" that uses Mininet's"
" IP subnet into the Mininet network."
" If you need to change"
" Mininet's IP subnet, see the --ipbase option." )
opts.add_option( '--version', action='callback', callback=version,
help='prints the version and exits' )
opts.add_option( '--cluster', type='string', default=None,
metavar='server1,server2...',
help=( 'run on multiple servers (experimental!)' ) )
opts.add_option( '--placement', type='choice',
choices=list( PLACEMENT.keys() ), default='block',
metavar='block|random',
help=( 'node placement for --cluster '
'(experimental!) ' ) )
self.options, self.args = opts.parse_args()
# We don't accept extra arguments after the options
if self.args:
opts.print_help()
exit()
def setup( self ):
"Setup and validate environment."
# set logging verbosity
if LEVELS[self.options.verbosity] > LEVELS['output']:
warn( '*** WARNING: selected verbosity level (%s) will hide CLI '
print ( '*** WARNING: selected verbosity level (%s) will hide CLI '
'output!\n'
'Please restart Mininet with -v [debug, info, output].\n'
'Please restart Mininet with -v [debug, info, output].'
% self.options.verbosity )
lg.setLogLevel( self.options.verbosity )
# Maybe we'll reorganize this someday...
# pylint: disable=too-many-branches,too-many-statements,global-statement
def begin( self ):
"Create and run mininet."
global CLI
opts = self.options
if opts.cluster:
servers = opts.cluster.split( ',' )
for server in servers:
ClusterCleanup.add( server )
if opts.clean:
if self.options.clean:
cleanup()
exit()
start = time.time()
if not opts.controller:
# Update default based on available controllers
CONTROLLERS[ 'default' ] = findController()
opts.controller = [ 'default' ]
if not CONTROLLERS[ 'default' ]:
opts.controller = [ 'none' ]
if opts.switch == 'default':
info( '*** No default OpenFlow controller found '
'for default switch!\n' )
info( '*** Falling back to OVS Bridge\n' )
opts.switch = 'ovsbr'
elif opts.switch not in ( 'ovsbr', 'lxbr' ):
raise Exception( "Could not find a default controller "
"for switch %s" %
opts.switch )
topo = buildTopo( TOPOS, opts.topo )
switch = customClass( SWITCHES, opts.switch )
host = customClass( HOSTS, opts.host )
controller = [ customClass( CONTROLLERS, c )
for c in opts.controller ]
if opts.switch == 'user' and opts.link == 'default':
debug( '*** Using TCULink with UserSwitch\n' )
# Use link configured correctly for UserSwitch
opts.link = 'tcu'
link = customClass( LINKS, opts.link )
topo = buildTopo( TOPOS, self.options.topo )
switch = customConstructor( SWITCHES, self.options.switch )
host = customConstructor( HOSTS, self.options.host )
controller = customConstructor( CONTROLLERS, self.options.controller )
link = customConstructor( LINKS, self.options.link )
if self.validate:
self.validate( opts )
if opts.nolistenport:
opts.listenport = None
# Handle innamespace, cluster options
if opts.innamespace and opts.cluster:
error( "Please specify --innamespace OR --cluster\n" )
exit()
Net = MininetWithControlNet if opts.innamespace else Mininet
if opts.cluster:
warn( '*** WARNING: Experimental cluster mode!\n'
'*** Using RemoteHost, RemoteOVSSwitch, RemoteLink\n' )
host, switch, link = RemoteHost, RemoteOVSSwitch, RemoteLink
Net = partial( MininetCluster, servers=servers,
placement=PLACEMENT[ opts.placement ] )
mininet.cli.CLI = ClusterCLI
self.validate( self.options )
inNamespace = self.options.innamespace
Net = MininetWithControlNet if inNamespace else Mininet
ipBase = self.options.ipbase
xterms = self.options.xterms
mac = self.options.mac
arp = self.options.arp
pin = self.options.pin
listenPort = None
if not self.options.nolistenport:
listenPort = self.options.listenport
mn = Net( topo=topo,
switch=switch, host=host, controller=controller, link=link,
ipBase=opts.ipbase, inNamespace=opts.innamespace,
xterms=opts.xterms, autoSetMacs=opts.mac,
autoStaticArp=opts.arp, autoPinCpus=opts.pin,
listenPort=opts.listenport )
switch=switch, host=host, controller=controller,
link=link,
ipBase=ipBase,
inNamespace=inNamespace,
xterms=xterms, autoSetMacs=mac,
autoStaticArp=arp, autoPinCpus=pin,
listenPort=listenPort )
if opts.ensure_value( 'nat', False ):
mn.addNAT( *opts.nat_args, **opts.nat_kwargs ).configDefault()
if self.options.pre:
CLI( mn, script=self.options.pre )
# --custom files can set CLI or change mininet.cli.CLI
CLI = mininet.cli.CLI if CLI is None else CLI
if opts.pre:
CLI( mn, script=opts.pre )
test = self.options.test
test = ALTSPELLING.get( test, test )
mn.start()
if opts.test:
runTests( mn, opts.test )
else:
if test == 'none':
pass
elif test == 'all':
mn.start()
mn.ping()
mn.iperf()
elif test == 'cli':
CLI( mn )
elif test != 'build':
getattr( mn, test )()
if opts.post:
CLI( mn, script=opts.post )
if self.options.post:
CLI( mn, script=self.options.post )
mn.stop()
@@ -413,21 +255,4 @@ class MininetRunner( object ):
if __name__ == "__main__":
try:
MininetRunner()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
info( "\n\nKeyboard Interrupt. Shutting down and cleaning up...\n\n")
cleanup()
except Exception:
# Print exception
type_, val_, trace_ = sys.exc_info()
errorMsg = ( "-"*80 + "\n" +
"Caught exception. Cleaning up...\n\n" +
"%s: %s\n" % ( type_.__name__, val_ ) +
"-"*80 + "\n" )
error( errorMsg )
# Print stack trace to debug log
import traceback
stackTrace = traceback.format_exc()
debug( stackTrace + "\n" )
cleanup()
MininetRunner()
+24 -13
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@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
"""Custom topology example
author: Brandon Heller (brandonh@stanford.edu)
Two directly connected switches plus a host for each switch:
host --- switch --- switch --- host
@@ -8,27 +10,36 @@ Adding the 'topos' dict with a key/value pair to generate our newly defined
topology enables one to pass in '--topo=mytopo' from the command line.
"""
from mininet.topo import Topo
from mininet.topo import Topo, Node
class MyTopo( Topo ):
"Simple topology example."
def __init__( self ):
def __init__( self, enable_all = True ):
"Create custom topo."
# Initialize topology
Topo.__init__( self )
# Add default members to class.
super( MyTopo, self ).__init__()
# Add hosts and switches
leftHost = self.addHost( 'h1' )
rightHost = self.addHost( 'h2' )
leftSwitch = self.addSwitch( 's3' )
rightSwitch = self.addSwitch( 's4' )
# Set Node IDs for hosts and switches
leftHost = 1
leftSwitch = 2
rightSwitch = 3
rightHost = 4
# Add links
self.addLink( leftHost, leftSwitch )
self.addLink( leftSwitch, rightSwitch )
self.addLink( rightSwitch, rightHost )
# Add nodes
self.add_node( leftSwitch, Node( is_switch=True ) )
self.add_node( rightSwitch, Node( is_switch=True ) )
self.add_node( leftHost, Node( is_switch=False ) )
self.add_node( rightHost, Node( is_switch=False ) )
# Add edges
self.add_edge( leftHost, leftSwitch )
self.add_edge( leftSwitch, rightSwitch )
self.add_edge( rightSwitch, rightHost )
# Consider all switches and hosts 'on'
self.enable_all()
topos = { 'mytopo': ( lambda: MyTopo() ) }
-33
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@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
mininet (2.1.0-0ubuntu1) saucy; urgency=low
* Add 2.1.0 final packaging
-- Bob Lantz <rlantz@cs.stanford.edu> Wed, 18 Sep 2013 22:43:47 -0700
mininet (2.1.0~rc1-0ubuntu1) saucy; urgency=low
* New upstream release candidate:
- d/control: Drop dependency on python-networkx, add iperf, socat
and cgroup-bin to Depends.
-- James Page <james.page@ubuntu.com> Wed, 28 Aug 2013 10:10:20 +0100
mininet (2.0.0-0ubuntu1) raring; urgency=low
* New upstream release.
-- James Page <james.page@ubuntu.com> Wed, 19 Dec 2012 15:48:01 +0000
mininet (2.0.0~rc1-0ubuntu1) quantal; urgency=low
* New upstream release.
* Update copyright to match upstream release
* Fix this message
-- Bob Lantz <rlantz@cs.stanford.edu> Sun, 18 Nov 2012 00:15:09 -0800
mininet (2.0.0~d4-0ubuntu1) quantal; urgency=low
* Initial release.
-- Bob Lantz <rlantz@cs.stanford.edu> Tue, 07 Aug 2012 14:11:27 -0700
-1
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@@ -1 +0,0 @@
9
-31
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@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
Source: mininet
Section: net
Priority: extra
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
XSBC-Original-Maintainer: Bob Lantz <rlantz@cs.stanford.edu>
Standards-Version: 3.9.3
Build-Depends:
debhelper (>= 9~),
help2man,
python-dev,
python-pkg-resources,
python-setuptools
Homepage: http://openflow.org/mininet
Package: mininet
Architecture: any
Depends:
openvswitch-switch,
telnet,
socat,
iperf,
cgroup-bin,
${misc:Depends},
${python:Depends},
${shlibs:Depends}
Recommends: openvswitch-controller
Description: Process-based network emulator
Mininet is a network emulator which uses lightweight
virtualization to create virtual networks for rapid
prototyping of Software-Defined Network (SDN) designs
using OpenFlow.
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Format: http://www.debian.org/doc/packaging-manuals/copyright-format/1.0
Upstream-Name: mininet
Source: https://github.com/mininet/mininet
Files: *
Copyright: 2012-2013 Open Networking Laboratory,
2009-2012 Bob Lantz,
2009-2012 The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior
University
License:
Original authors: Bob Lantz and Brandon Heller
.
We are making Mininet available for public use and benefit with the
expectation that others will use, modify and enhance the Software and
contribute those enhancements back to the community. However, since we
would like to make the Software available for broadest use, with as few
restrictions as possible permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to
any person obtaining a copy of this Software to deal in the Software
under the copyrights without restriction, including without limitation
the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
.
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
.
The name and trademarks of copyright holder(s) may NOT be used in
advertising or publicity pertaining to the Software or any derivatives
without specific, written prior permission.
Vendored
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README.md
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examples/*
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mnexec /usr/bin
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*.1
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#!/usr/bin/make -f
%:
dh $@ --buildsystem=python_distutils --with=python2
override_dh_auto_build:
make man
make mnexec
dh_auto_build
get-orig-source:
uscan --force-download --rename
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3.0 (quilt)
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version=3
opts=filenamemangle=s/(.*)\/archive/$1/,uversionmangle=s/([abdr].*)\.tar\.gz/~$1/ \
https://github.com/mininet/mininet/tags .*/archive\/(\d.*\.tar\.gz)
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@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ DOXYFILE_ENCODING = UTF-8
# The PROJECT_NAME tag is a single word (or a sequence of words surrounded
# by quotes) that should identify the project.
PROJECT_NAME = "Mininet Python API Reference Manual"
PROJECT_NAME = Mininet
# The PROJECT_NUMBER tag can be used to enter a project or revision number.
# This could be handy for archiving the generated documentation or
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ FULL_PATH_NAMES = YES
# If left blank the directory from which doxygen is run is used as the
# path to strip.
STRIP_FROM_PATH =
STRIP_FROM_PATH =
# The STRIP_FROM_INC_PATH tag can be used to strip a user-defined part of
# the path mentioned in the documentation of a class, which tells
@@ -919,7 +919,7 @@ COMPACT_LATEX = NO
# by the printer. Possible values are: a4, a4wide, letter, legal and
# executive. If left blank a4wide will be used.
PAPER_TYPE = letter
PAPER_TYPE = a4wide
# The EXTRA_PACKAGES tag can be to specify one or more names of LaTeX
# packages that should be included in the LaTeX output.
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Mininet Examples
These examples are intended to help you get started using
Mininet's Python API.
---
baresshd.py:
This example uses Mininet's medium-level API to create an sshd
process running in a namespace. Doesn't use OpenFlow.
consoles.py:
This example creates a grid of console windows, one for each node,
and allows interaction with and monitoring of each console, including
graphical monitoring.
controllers.py:
This example creates a network and adds multiple controllers to it.
emptynet.py:
This example demonstrates creating an empty network (i.e. with no
topology object) and adding nodes to it.
linearbandwidth.py:
This example shows how to create a custom topology programatically
by subclassing Topo, and how to run a series of tests on it.
miniedit.py:
This example demonstrates creating a network via a graphical editor.
multiping.py:
This example demonstrates one method for
monitoring output from multiple hosts, using node.monitor().
multipoll.py:
This example demonstrates monitoring output files from multiple hosts.
multitest.py:
This example creates a network and runs multiple tests on it.
popenpoll.py:
This example demonstrates monitoring output from multiple hosts using
the node.popen() interface (which returns Popen objects) and pmonitor().
scratchnet.py, scratchnetuser.py:
These two examples demonstrate how to create a network by using the lowest-
level Mininet functions. Generally the higher-level API is easier to use,
but scratchnet shows what is going on behind the scenes.
simpleperf.py:
A simple example of configuring network and CPU bandwidth limits.
sshd.py:
This example shows how to run an sshd process in each host, allowing
you to log in via ssh. This requires connecting the Mininet data network
to an interface in the root namespace (generaly the control network
already lives in the root namespace, so it does not need to be explicitly
connected.)
treeping64.py:
This example creates a 64-host tree network, and attempts to check full
connectivity using ping, for different switch/datapath types.
tree1024.py:
This example attempts to create a 1024-host network, and then runs the
CLI on it. It may run into scalability limits, depending on available
memory and sysctl configuration (see INSTALL.)
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Mininet Examples
========================================================
These examples are intended to help you get started using
Mininet's Python API.
========================================================
#### baresshd.py:
This example uses Mininet's medium-level API to create an sshd
process running in a namespace. Doesn't use OpenFlow.
#### bind.py:
This example shows how you can create private directories for each
node in a Mininet topology.
#### cluster.py:
This example contains all of the code for experimental cluster
edition. Remote classes and MininetCluster can be imported from
here to create a topology with nodes on remote machines.
#### clusterSanity.py:
This example runs cluster edition locally as a sanity check to test
basic functionality.
#### clustercli.py:
This example contains a CLI for experimental cluster edition.
#### clusterdemo.py:
This example is a basic demo of cluster edition on 3 servers with
a tree topology of depth 3 and fanout 3.
#### consoles.py:
This example creates a grid of console windows, one for each node,
and allows interaction with and monitoring of each console, including
graphical monitoring.
#### controllers.py:
This example creates a network with multiple controllers, by
using a custom `Switch()` subclass.
#### controllers2.py:
This example creates a network with multiple controllers by
creating an empty network, adding nodes to it, and manually
starting the switches.
#### controlnet.py:
This examples shows how you can model the control network as well
as the data network, by actually creating two Mininet objects.
#### cpu.py:
This example tests iperf bandwidth for varying CPU limits.
#### emptynet.py:
This example demonstrates creating an empty network (i.e. with no
topology object) and adding nodes to it.
#### hwintf.py:
This example shows how to add an interface (for example a real
hardware interface) to a network after the network is created.
#### intfoptions.py:
This example reconfigures a TCIntf during runtime with different
traffic control commands to test bandwidth, loss, and delay.
#### limit.py:
This example shows how to use link and CPU limits.
#### linearbandwidth.py:
This example shows how to create a custom topology programatically
by subclassing Topo, and how to run a series of tests on it.
#### linuxrouter.py:
This example shows how to create and configure a router in Mininet
that uses Linux IP forwarding.
#### miniedit.py:
This example demonstrates creating a network via a graphical editor.
#### mobility.py:
This example demonstrates detaching an interface from one switch and
attaching it another as a basic way to move a host around a network.
#### multiLink.py:
This example demonstrates the creation of multiple links between
nodes using a custom Topology class.
#### multiping.py:
This example demonstrates one method for
monitoring output from multiple hosts, using `node.monitor()`.
#### multipoll.py:
This example demonstrates monitoring output files from multiple hosts.
#### multitest.py:
This example creates a network and runs multiple tests on it.
#### nat.py:
This example shows how to connect a Mininet network to the Internet
using NAT. It also answers the eternal question "why can't I ping
`google.com`?"
#### natnet.py:
This example demonstrates how to create a network using a NAT node
to connect hosts to the internet.
#### numberedports.py:
This example verifies the mininet ofport numbers match up to the ovs port numbers.
It also verifies that the port numbers match up to the interface numbers
#### popen.py:
This example monitors a number of hosts using `host.popen()` and
`pmonitor()`.
#### popenpoll.py:
This example demonstrates monitoring output from multiple hosts using
the `node.popen()` interface (which returns `Popen` objects) and `pmonitor()`.
#### scratchnet.py, scratchnetuser.py:
These two examples demonstrate how to create a network by using the lowest-
level Mininet functions. Generally the higher-level API is easier to use,
but scratchnet shows what is going on behind the scenes.
#### simpleperf.py:
A simple example of configuring network and CPU bandwidth limits.
#### sshd.py:
This example shows how to run an `sshd` process in each host, allowing
you to log in via `ssh`. This requires connecting the Mininet data network
to an interface in the root namespace (generaly the control network
already lives in the root namespace, so it does not need to be explicitly
connected.)
#### tree1024.py:
This example attempts to create a 1024-host network, and then runs the
CLI on it. It may run into scalability limits, depending on available
memory and `sysctl` configuration (see `INSTALL`.)
#### treeping64.py:
This example creates a 64-host tree network, and attempts to check full
connectivity using `ping`, for different switch/datapath types.
#### vlanhost.py:
An example of how to subclass Host to use a VLAN on its primary interface.
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"""
Mininet Examples
See README for details
"""
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"This example doesn't use OpenFlow, but attempts to run sshd in a namespace."
import sys
from mininet.node import Host
from mininet.util import ensureRoot, waitListening
from mininet.log import info, warn, output
ensureRoot()
timeout = 5
info( "*** Creating nodes\n" )
print "*** Creating nodes"
h1 = Host( 'h1' )
root = Host( 'root', inNamespace=False )
info( "*** Creating link\n" )
print "*** Creating links"
h1.linkTo( root )
info( h1 )
print h1
info( "*** Configuring nodes\n" )
print "*** Configuring nodes"
h1.setIP( '10.0.0.1', 8 )
root.setIP( '10.0.0.2', 8 )
info( "*** Creating banner file\n" )
print "*** Creating banner file"
f = open( '/tmp/%s.banner' % h1.name, 'w' )
f.write( 'Welcome to %s at %s\n' % ( h1.name, h1.IP() ) )
f.close()
info( "*** Running sshd\n" )
cmd = '/usr/sbin/sshd -o UseDNS=no -u0 -o "Banner /tmp/%s.banner"' % h1.name
# add arguments from the command line
if len( sys.argv ) > 1:
cmd += ' ' + ' '.join( sys.argv[ 1: ] )
h1.cmd( cmd )
listening = waitListening( server=h1, port=22, timeout=timeout )
print "*** Running sshd"
h1.cmd( '/usr/sbin/sshd -o "Banner /tmp/%s.banner"' % h1.name )
if listening:
output( "*** You may now ssh into", h1.name, "at", h1.IP(), '\n' )
else:
warn( "*** Warning: after %s seconds, %s is not listening on port 22"
% ( timeout, h1.name ), '\n' )
print "*** You may now ssh into", h1.name, "at", h1.IP()
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#!/usr/bin/python
"""
bind.py: Bind mount example
This creates hosts with private directories that the user specifies.
These hosts may have persistent directories that will be available
across multiple mininet session, or temporary directories that will
only last for one mininet session. To specify a persistent
directory, add a tuple to a list of private directories:
[ ( 'directory to be mounted on', 'directory to be mounted' ) ]
String expansion may be used to create a directory template for
each host. To do this, add a %(name)s in place of the host name
when creating your list of directories:
[ ( '/var/run', '/tmp/%(name)s/var/run' ) ]
If no persistent directory is specified, the directories will default
to temporary private directories. To do this, simply create a list of
directories to be made private. A tmpfs will then be mounted on them.
You may use both temporary and persistent directories at the same
time. In the following privateDirs string, each host will have a
persistent directory in the root filesystem at
"/tmp/(hostname)/var/run" mounted on "/var/run". Each host will also
have a temporary private directory mounted on "/var/log".
[ ( '/var/run', '/tmp/%(name)s/var/run' ), '/var/log' ]
This example has both persistent directories mounted on '/var/log'
and '/var/run'. It also has a temporary private directory mounted
on '/var/mn'
"""
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import Host
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.topo import SingleSwitchTopo
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info
from functools import partial
# Sample usage
def testHostWithPrivateDirs():
"Test bind mounts"
topo = SingleSwitchTopo( 10 )
privateDirs = [ ( '/var/log', '/tmp/%(name)s/var/log' ),
( '/var/run', '/tmp/%(name)s/var/run' ),
'/var/mn' ]
host = partial( Host,
privateDirs=privateDirs )
net = Mininet( topo=topo, host=host )
net.start()
directories = [ directory[ 0 ] if isinstance( directory, tuple )
else directory for directory in privateDirs ]
info( 'Private Directories:', directories, '\n' )
CLI( net )
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
testHostWithPrivateDirs()
info( 'Done.\n')
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#!/usr/bin/env python
'''
A sanity check for cluster edition
'''
from mininet.examples.cluster import MininetCluster
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from mininet.examples.clustercli import ClusterCLI as CLI
from mininet.topo import SingleSwitchTopo
def clusterSanity():
"Sanity check for cluster mode"
topo = SingleSwitchTopo()
net = MininetCluster( topo=topo )
net.start()
CLI( net )
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
clusterSanity()
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#!/usr/bin/python
"CLI for Mininet Cluster Edition prototype demo"
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.log import output, error
# pylint: disable=global-statement
nx, graphviz_layout, plt = None, None, None # Will be imported on demand
class ClusterCLI( CLI ):
"CLI with additional commands for Cluster Edition demo"
@staticmethod
def colorsFor( seq ):
"Return a list of background colors for a sequence"
colors = [ 'red', 'lightgreen', 'cyan', 'yellow', 'orange',
'magenta', 'pink', 'grey', 'brown',
'white' ]
slen, clen = len( seq ), len( colors )
reps = max( 1, slen / clen )
colors = colors * reps
colors = colors[ 0 : slen ]
return colors
def do_plot( self, _line ):
"Plot topology colored by node placement"
# Import networkx if needed
global nx, plt, graphviz_layout
if not nx:
try:
# pylint: disable=import-error
import networkx
nx = networkx # satisfy pylint
from matplotlib import pyplot
plt = pyplot # satisfy pylint
import pygraphviz
assert pygraphviz # silence pyflakes
# Networkx moved this around
if hasattr( nx, 'graphviz_layout' ):
graphviz_layout = nx.graphviz_layout
else:
graphviz_layout = nx.drawing.nx_agraph.graphviz_layout
# pylint: enable=import-error
except ImportError:
error( 'plot requires networkx, matplotlib and pygraphviz - '
'please install them and try again\n' )
return
# Make a networkx Graph
g = nx.Graph()
mn = self.mn
servers = getattr( mn, 'servers', [ 'localhost' ] )
hosts, switches = mn.hosts, mn.switches
nodes = hosts + switches
g.add_nodes_from( nodes )
links = [ ( link.intf1.node, link.intf2.node )
for link in self.mn.links ]
g.add_edges_from( links )
# Pick some shapes and colors
# shapes = hlen * [ 's' ] + slen * [ 'o' ]
color = dict( zip( servers, self.colorsFor( servers ) ) )
# Plot it!
pos = graphviz_layout( g )
opts = { 'ax': None, 'font_weight': 'bold',
'width': 2, 'edge_color': 'darkblue' }
hcolors = [ color[ getattr( h, 'server', 'localhost' ) ]
for h in hosts ]
scolors = [ color[ getattr( s, 'server', 'localhost' ) ]
for s in switches ]
nx.draw_networkx( g, pos=pos, nodelist=hosts, node_size=800,
label='host', node_color=hcolors, node_shape='s',
**opts )
nx.draw_networkx( g, pos=pos, nodelist=switches, node_size=1000,
node_color=scolors, node_shape='o', **opts )
# Get rid of axes, add title, and show
fig = plt.gcf()
ax = plt.gca()
ax.get_xaxis().set_visible( False )
ax.get_yaxis().set_visible( False )
fig.canvas.set_window_title( 'Mininet')
plt.title( 'Node Placement', fontweight='bold' )
plt.show()
def do_status( self, _line ):
"Report on node shell status"
nodes = self.mn.hosts + self.mn.switches
for node in nodes:
node.shell.poll()
exited = [ node for node in nodes
if node.shell.returncode is not None ]
if exited:
for node in exited:
output( '%s has exited with code %d\n'
% ( node, node.shell.returncode ) )
else:
output( 'All nodes are still running.\n' )
def do_placement( self, _line ):
"Describe node placement"
mn = self.mn
nodes = mn.hosts + mn.switches + mn.controllers
for server in mn.servers:
names = [ n.name for n in nodes if hasattr( n, 'server' )
and n.server == server ]
output( '%s: %s\n' % ( server, ' '.join( names ) ) )
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#!/usr/bin/python
"clusterdemo.py: demo of Mininet Cluster Edition prototype"
from mininet.examples.cluster import ( MininetCluster, SwitchBinPlacer,
RemoteLink )
# ^ Could also use: RemoteSSHLink, RemoteGRELink
from mininet.topolib import TreeTopo
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from mininet.examples.clustercli import ClusterCLI as CLI
def demo():
"Simple Demo of Cluster Mode"
servers = [ 'localhost', 'ubuntu2', 'ubuntu3' ]
topo = TreeTopo( depth=3, fanout=3 )
net = MininetCluster( topo=topo, servers=servers, Link=RemoteLink,
placement=SwitchBinPlacer )
net.start()
CLI( net )
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
demo()
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#!/usr/bin/python
"clusterperf.py compare the maximum throughput between SSH and GRE tunnels"
from mininet.examples.cluster import RemoteSSHLink, RemoteGRELink, RemoteHost
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
def perf(Link):
"Test connectivity nand performance over Link"
net = Mininet( host=RemoteHost, link=Link )
h1 = net.addHost( 'h1')
h2 = net.addHost( 'h2', server='ubuntu2' )
net.addLink( h1, h2 )
net.start()
net.pingAll()
net.iperf()
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel('info')
perf( RemoteSSHLink )
perf( RemoteGRELink )
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@@ -74,11 +74,11 @@ class Console( Frame ):
"Pop up a new terminal window for a node."
net.terms += makeTerms( [ node ], title )
label = Button( self, text=self.node.name, command=newTerm,
**self.buttonStyle )
**self.buttonStyle )
label.pack( side='top', fill='x' )
text = Text( self, wrap='word', **self.textStyle )
ybar = Scrollbar( self, orient='vertical', width=7,
command=text.yview )
command=text.yview )
text.configure( yscrollcommand=ybar.set )
text.pack( side='left', expand=True, fill='both' )
ybar.pack( side='right', fill='y' )
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ class Console( Frame ):
# way to trigger a file event handler from Tk's
# event loop!
self.tk.createfilehandler( self.node.stdout, READABLE,
self.handleReadable )
self.handleReadable )
# We're not a terminal (yet?), so we ignore the following
# control characters other than [\b\n\r]
@@ -169,8 +169,11 @@ class Graph( Frame ):
"Graph that we can add bars to over time."
def __init__( self, parent=None, bg = 'white', gheight=200, gwidth=500,
barwidth=10, ymax=3.5,):
def __init__( self, parent=None,
bg = 'white',
gheight=200, gwidth=500,
barwidth=10,
ymax=3.5,):
Frame.__init__( self, parent )
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ class Graph( Frame ):
width = 25
ymax = self.ymax
scale = Canvas( self, width=width, height=height,
background=self.bg )
background=self.bg )
opts = { 'fill': 'red' }
# Draw scale line
scale.create_line( width - 1, height, width - 1, 0, **opts )
@@ -208,7 +211,7 @@ class Graph( Frame ):
ofs = 20
height = self.gheight + ofs
self.graph.configure( scrollregion=( 0, -ofs,
self.xpos * self.barwidth, height ) )
self.xpos * self.barwidth, height ) )
self.scale.configure( scrollregion=( 0, -ofs, 0, height ) )
def yview( self, *args ):
@@ -228,7 +231,7 @@ class Graph( Frame ):
xbar = Scrollbar( self, orient='horizontal', command=graph.xview )
ybar = Scrollbar( self, orient='vertical', command=self.yview )
graph.configure( xscrollcommand=xbar.set, yscrollcommand=ybar.set,
scrollregion=(0, 0, width, height ) )
scrollregion=(0, 0, width, height ) )
scale.configure( yscrollcommand=ybar.set )
# Layout
@@ -249,7 +252,7 @@ class Graph( Frame ):
x1 = x0 + self.barwidth
y0 = self.gheight
y1 = ( 1 - percent ) * self.gheight
c.create_rectangle( x0, y0, x1, y1, fill='green' )
c.create_rectangle( x0 , y0, x1, y1, fill='green' )
self.xpos += 1
self.updateScrollRegions()
self.graph.xview( 'moveto', '1.0' )
@@ -315,19 +318,11 @@ class ConsoleApp( Frame ):
def updateGraph( self, _console, output ):
"Update our graph."
m = re.search( r'(\d+.?\d*) ([KMG]?bits)/sec', output )
m = re.search( r'(\d+) Mbits/sec', output )
if not m:
return
val, units = float( m.group( 1 ) ), m.group( 2 )
#convert to Gbps
if units[0] == 'M':
val *= 10 ** -3
elif units[0] == 'K':
val *= 10 ** -6
elif units[0] == 'b':
val *= 10 ** -9
self.updates += 1
self.bw += val
self.bw += .001 * float( m.group( 1 ) )
if self.updates >= self.hostCount:
self.graph.addBar( self.bw )
self.bw = 0
@@ -418,9 +413,7 @@ class ConsoleApp( Frame ):
count = len( consoles )
self.setOutputHook( self.updateGraph )
for console in consoles:
# Sometimes iperf -sD doesn't return,
# so we run it in the background instead
console.node.cmd( 'iperf -s &' )
console.node.cmd( 'iperf -sD' )
i = 0
for console in consoles:
i = ( i + 1 ) % count
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@@ -1,36 +1,64 @@
#!/usr/bin/python
"""
Create a network where different switches are connected to
different controllers, by creating a custom Switch() subclass.
This example creates a multi-controller network from
semi-scratch; note a topo object could also be used and
would be passed into the Mininet() constructor.
"""
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import OVSSwitch, Controller, RemoteController
from mininet.topolib import TreeTopo
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from mininet.node import Controller, OVSKernelSwitch
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
setLogLevel( 'info' )
Switch = OVSKernelSwitch
# Two local and one "external" controller (which is actually c0)
# Ignore the warning message that the remote isn't (yet) running
c0 = Controller( 'c0', port=6633 )
c1 = Controller( 'c1', port=6634 )
c2 = RemoteController( 'c2', ip='127.0.0.1', port=6633 )
def addHost( net, N ):
"Create host hN and add to net."
name = 'h%d' % N
ip = '10.0.0.%d' % N
return net.addHost( name, ip=ip )
cmap = { 's1': c0, 's2': c1, 's3': c2 }
def multiControllerNet():
"Create a network with multiple controllers."
class MultiSwitch( OVSSwitch ):
"Custom Switch() subclass that connects to different controllers"
def start( self, controllers ):
return OVSSwitch.start( self, [ cmap[ self.name ] ] )
net = Mininet( controller=Controller, switch=Switch)
topo = TreeTopo( depth=2, fanout=2 )
net = Mininet( topo=topo, switch=MultiSwitch, build=False )
for c in [ c0, c1 ]:
net.addController(c)
net.build()
net.start()
CLI( net )
net.stop()
print "*** Creating controllers"
c1 = net.addController( 'c1', port=6633 )
c2 = net.addController( 'c2', port=6634 )
print "*** Creating switches"
s1 = net.addSwitch( 's1' )
s2 = net.addSwitch( 's2' )
print "*** Creating hosts"
hosts1 = [ addHost( net, n ) for n in 3, 4 ]
hosts2 = [ addHost( net, n ) for n in 5, 6 ]
print "*** Creating links"
for h in hosts1:
s1.linkTo( h )
for h in hosts2:
s2.linkTo( h )
s1.linkTo( s2 )
print "*** Starting network"
net.build()
c1.start()
c2.start()
s1.start( [ c1 ] )
s2.start( [ c2 ] )
print "*** Testing network"
net.pingAll()
print "*** Running CLI"
CLI( net )
print "*** Stopping network"
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' ) # for CLI output
multiControllerNet()
-62
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@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/python
"""
This example creates a multi-controller network from semi-scratch by
using the net.add*() API and manually starting the switches and controllers.
This is the "mid-level" API, which is an alternative to the "high-level"
Topo() API which supports parametrized topology classes.
Note that one could also create a custom switch class and pass it into
the Mininet() constructor.
"""
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import Controller, OVSSwitch
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info
def multiControllerNet():
"Create a network from semi-scratch with multiple controllers."
net = Mininet( controller=Controller, switch=OVSSwitch )
info( "*** Creating (reference) controllers\n" )
c1 = net.addController( 'c1', port=6633 )
c2 = net.addController( 'c2', port=6634 )
info( "*** Creating switches\n" )
s1 = net.addSwitch( 's1' )
s2 = net.addSwitch( 's2' )
info( "*** Creating hosts\n" )
hosts1 = [ net.addHost( 'h%d' % n ) for n in ( 3, 4 ) ]
hosts2 = [ net.addHost( 'h%d' % n ) for n in ( 5, 6 ) ]
info( "*** Creating links\n" )
for h in hosts1:
net.addLink( s1, h )
for h in hosts2:
net.addLink( s2, h )
net.addLink( s1, s2 )
info( "*** Starting network\n" )
net.build()
c1.start()
c2.start()
s1.start( [ c1 ] )
s2.start( [ c2 ] )
info( "*** Testing network\n" )
net.pingAll()
info( "*** Running CLI\n" )
CLI( net )
info( "*** Stopping network\n" )
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' ) # for CLI output
multiControllerNet()
-158
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@@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/python
"""
controlnet.py: Mininet with a custom control network
We create two Mininet() networks, a control network
and a data network, running four DataControllers on the
control network to control the data network.
Since we're using UserSwitch on the data network,
it should correctly fail over to a backup controller.
We also use a Mininet Facade to talk to both the
control and data networks from a single CLI.
"""
from functools import partial
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import Controller, UserSwitch
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.topo import Topo
from mininet.topolib import TreeTopo
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info
# Some minor hacks
class DataController( Controller ):
"""Data Network Controller.
patched to avoid checkListening error and to delete intfs"""
def checkListening( self ):
"Ignore spurious error"
pass
def stop( self, *args, **kwargs ):
"Make sure intfs are deleted"
kwargs.update( deleteIntfs=True )
super( DataController, self ).stop( *args, **kwargs )
class MininetFacade( object ):
"""Mininet object facade that allows a single CLI to
talk to one or more networks"""
def __init__( self, net, *args, **kwargs ):
"""Create MininetFacade object.
net: Primary Mininet object
args: unnamed networks passed as arguments
kwargs: named networks passed as arguments"""
self.net = net
self.nets = [ net ] + list( args ) + list( kwargs.values() )
self.nameToNet = kwargs
self.nameToNet['net'] = net
def __getattr__( self, name ):
"returns attribute from Primary Mininet object"
return getattr( self.net, name )
def __getitem__( self, key ):
"returns primary/named networks or node from any net"
#search kwargs for net named key
if key in self.nameToNet:
return self.nameToNet[ key ]
#search each net for node named key
for net in self.nets:
if key in net:
return net[ key ]
def __iter__( self ):
"Iterate through all nodes in all Mininet objects"
for net in self.nets:
for node in net:
yield node
def __len__( self ):
"returns aggregate number of nodes in all nets"
count = 0
for net in self.nets:
count += len(net)
return count
def __contains__( self, key ):
"returns True if node is a member of any net"
return key in self.keys()
def keys( self ):
"returns a list of all node names in all networks"
return list( self )
def values( self ):
"returns a list of all nodes in all networks"
return [ self[ key ] for key in self ]
def items( self ):
"returns (key,value) tuple list for every node in all networks"
return zip( self.keys(), self.values() )
# A real control network!
class ControlNetwork( Topo ):
"Control Network Topology"
def __init__( self, n, dataController=DataController, **kwargs ):
"""n: number of data network controller nodes
dataController: class for data network controllers"""
Topo.__init__( self, **kwargs )
# Connect everything to a single switch
cs0 = self.addSwitch( 'cs0' )
# Add hosts which will serve as data network controllers
for i in range( 0, n ):
c = self.addHost( 'c%s' % i, cls=dataController,
inNamespace=True )
self.addLink( c, cs0 )
# Connect switch to root namespace so that data network
# switches will be able to talk to us
root = self.addHost( 'root', inNamespace=False )
self.addLink( root, cs0 )
# Make it Happen!!
def run():
"Create control and data networks, and invoke the CLI"
info( '* Creating Control Network\n' )
ctopo = ControlNetwork( n=4, dataController=DataController )
cnet = Mininet( topo=ctopo, ipBase='192.168.123.0/24', controller=None )
info( '* Adding Control Network Controller\n')
cnet.addController( 'cc0', controller=Controller )
info( '* Starting Control Network\n')
cnet.start()
info( '* Creating Data Network\n' )
topo = TreeTopo( depth=2, fanout=2 )
# UserSwitch so we can easily test failover
sw = partial( UserSwitch, opts='--inactivity-probe=1 --max-backoff=1' )
net = Mininet( topo=topo, switch=sw, controller=None )
info( '* Adding Controllers to Data Network\n' )
for host in cnet.hosts:
if isinstance(host, Controller):
net.addController( host )
info( '* Starting Data Network\n')
net.start()
mn = MininetFacade( net, cnet=cnet )
CLI( mn )
info( '* Stopping Data Network\n' )
net.stop()
info( '* Stopping Control Network\n' )
cnet.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
run()
+33 -59
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@@ -1,41 +1,30 @@
#!/usr/bin/python
"""
cpu.py: test iperf bandwidth for varying cpu limits
Since we are limiting the hosts (only), we should expect the iperf
processes to be affected, as well as any system processing which is
billed to the hosts.
We reserve >50% of cycles for system processing; we assume that
this is enough for it not to affect results. Hosts are limited to
40% of total cycles, which we assume is enough to make them CPU
bound.
As CPU performance increases over time, we may have to reduce the
overall CPU allocation so that the host processing is still CPU bound.
This is perhaps an argument for specifying performance in a more
system-independent manner.
It would also be nice to have a better handle on limiting packet
processing cycles. It's not entirely clear to me how those are
billed to user or system processes if we are using OVS with a kernel
datapath. With a user datapath, they are easier to account for, but
overall performance is usually lower.
Although the iperf client uses more CPU and should be CPU bound (?),
we measure the received data at the server since the client transmit
rate includes buffering.
cpu.py: test iperf bandwidth for varying cpu limtis
"""
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import CPULimitedHost
from mininet.topolib import TreeTopo
from mininet.util import custom, waitListening, decode
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info
from mininet.clean import cleanup
from mininet.util import custom
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, output
def bwtest( cpuLimits, period_us=100000, seconds=10 ):
from time import sleep
def waitListening(client, server, port):
"Wait until server is listening on port"
if not client.cmd('which telnet'):
raise Exception('Could not find telnet')
cmd = ('sh -c "echo A | telnet -e A %s %s"' %
(server.IP(), port))
while 'Connected' not in client.cmd(cmd):
output('waiting for', server,
'to listen on port', port, '\n')
sleep(.5)
def bwtest( cpuLimits, period_us=100000, seconds=5 ):
"""Example/test of link and CPU bandwidth limits
cpu: cpu limit as fraction of overall CPU time"""
@@ -44,36 +33,22 @@ def bwtest( cpuLimits, period_us=100000, seconds=10 ):
results = {}
for sched in 'rt', 'cfs':
info( '*** Testing with', sched, 'bandwidth limiting\n' )
print '*** Testing with', sched, 'bandwidth limiting'
for cpu in cpuLimits:
# cpu is the cpu fraction for all hosts, so we divide
# it across two hosts
host = custom( CPULimitedHost, sched=sched,
period_us=period_us,
cpu=.5*cpu )
try:
net = Mininet( topo=topo, host=host )
# pylint: disable=bare-except
except:
info( '*** Skipping scheduler %s and cleaning up\n' % sched )
cleanup()
break
cpu=cpu )
net = Mininet( topo=topo, host=host )
net.start()
net.pingAll()
hosts = [ net.getNodeByName( h ) for h in topo.hosts() ]
client, server = hosts[ 0 ], hosts[ -1 ]
info( '*** Starting iperf with %d%% of CPU allocated to hosts\n' %
( 100.0 * cpu ) )
# We measure at the server because it doesn't include
# the client's buffer fill rate
popen = server.popen( 'iperf -yc -s -p 5001' )
server.cmd( 'iperf -s -p 5001 &' )
waitListening( client, server, 5001 )
# ignore empty result from waitListening/telnet
popen.stdout.readline()
client.cmd( 'iperf -yc -t %s -c %s' % ( seconds, server.IP() ) )
result = decode( popen.stdout.readline() ).split( ',' )
result = client.cmd( 'iperf -yc -t %s -c %s' % (
seconds, server.IP() ) ).split( ',' )
bps = float( result[ -1 ] )
popen.terminate()
server.cmdPrint( 'kill %iperf' )
net.stop()
updated = results.get( sched, [] )
updated += [ ( cpu, bps ) ]
@@ -85,23 +60,22 @@ def bwtest( cpuLimits, period_us=100000, seconds=10 ):
def dump( results ):
"Dump results"
fmt = '%s\t%s\t%s\n'
fmt = '%s\t%s\t%s'
info( '\n' )
info( fmt % ( 'sched', 'cpu', 'received bits/sec' ) )
print
print fmt % ( 'sched', 'cpu', 'client MB/s' )
print
for sched in sorted( results.keys() ):
entries = results[ sched ]
for cpu, bps in entries:
pct = '%d%%' % ( cpu * 100 )
mbps = '%.2e' % bps
info( fmt % ( sched, pct, mbps ) )
pct = '%.2f%%' % ( cpu * 100 )
mbps = bps / 1e6
print fmt % ( sched, pct, mbps )
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
# These are the limits for the hosts/iperfs - the
# rest is for system processes
limits = [ .5, .4, .3, .2, .1 ]
limits = [ .45, .4, .3, .2, .1 ]
out = bwtest( limits )
dump( out )
+2 -2
View File
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ def emptyNet():
s3 = net.addSwitch( 's3' )
info( '*** Creating links\n' )
net.addLink( h1, s3 )
net.addLink( h2, s3 )
h1.linkTo( s3 )
h2.linkTo( s3 )
info( '*** Starting network\n')
net.start()
+8 -18
View File
@@ -6,47 +6,37 @@ hardware interface) to a network after the network is created.
"""
import re
import sys
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info, error
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.link import Intf
from mininet.topolib import TreeTopo
from mininet.util import quietRun
def checkIntf( intf ):
"Make sure intf exists and is not configured."
config = quietRun( 'ifconfig %s 2>/dev/null' % intf, shell=True )
if not config:
if ( ' %s:' % intf ) not in quietRun( 'ip link show' ):
error( 'Error:', intf, 'does not exist!\n' )
exit( 1 )
ips = re.findall( r'\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+', config )
ips = re.findall( r'\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+', quietRun( 'ifconfig ' + intf ) )
if ips:
error( 'Error:', intf, 'has an IP address,'
'and is probably in use!\n' )
'and is probably in use!\n' )
exit( 1 )
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
# try to get hw intf from the command line; by default, use eth1
intfName = sys.argv[ 1 ] if len( sys.argv ) > 1 else 'eth1'
info( '*** Connecting to hw intf: %s' % intfName )
info( '*** Checking', intfName, '\n' )
checkIntf( intfName )
newIntf = 'eth1'
info( '*** Checking', newIntf, '\n' )
checkIntf( newIntf )
info( '*** Creating network\n' )
net = Mininet( topo=TreeTopo( depth=1, fanout=2 ) )
switch = net.switches[ 0 ]
info( '*** Adding hardware interface', intfName, 'to switch',
switch.name, '\n' )
_intf = Intf( intfName, node=switch )
info( '*** Note: you may need to reconfigure the interfaces for '
'the Mininet hosts:\n', net.hosts, '\n' )
info( '*** Adding', newIntf, 'to switch', switch.name, '\n' )
switch.addIntf( newIntf )
net.start()
CLI( net )
-48
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@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/python
'''
example of using various TCIntf options.
reconfigures a single interface using intf.config()
to use different traffic control commands to test
bandwidth, loss, and delay
'''
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info
from mininet.link import TCLink
def intfOptions():
"run various traffic control commands on a single interface"
net = Mininet( autoStaticArp=True )
net.addController( 'c0' )
h1 = net.addHost( 'h1' )
h2 = net.addHost( 'h2' )
s1 = net.addSwitch( 's1' )
link1 = net.addLink( h1, s1, cls=TCLink )
net.addLink( h2, s1 )
net.start()
# flush out latency from reactive forwarding delay
net.pingAll()
info( '\n*** Configuring one intf with bandwidth of 5 Mb\n' )
link1.intf1.config( bw=5 )
info( '\n*** Running iperf to test\n' )
net.iperf()
info( '\n*** Configuring one intf with loss of 50%\n' )
link1.intf1.config( loss=50 )
info( '\n' )
net.iperf( ( h1, h2 ), l4Type='UDP' )
info( '\n*** Configuring one intf with delay of 15ms\n' )
link1.intf1.config( delay='15ms' )
info( '\n*** Run a ping to confirm delay\n' )
net.pingPairFull()
info( '\n*** Done testing\n' )
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
intfOptions()
+24 -15
View File
@@ -9,35 +9,44 @@ from mininet.link import TCIntf
from mininet.node import CPULimitedHost
from mininet.topolib import TreeTopo
from mininet.util import custom, quietRun
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from time import sleep
def testLinkLimit( net, bw ):
"Run bandwidth limit test"
info( '*** Testing network %.2f Mbps bandwidth limit\n' % bw )
net.iperf()
print '*** Testing network %.2f Mbps bandwidth limit' % bw
net.iperf( )
def limit( bw=10, cpu=.1 ):
def testCpuLimit( net, cpu ):
"run CPU limit test"
pct = cpu * 100
print '*** Testing CPU %.0f%% bandwidth limit' % pct
h1, h2 = net.hosts
h1.cmd( 'while true; do a=1; done &' )
h2.cmd( 'while true; do a=1; done &' )
pid1 = h1.cmd( 'echo $!' ).strip()
pid2 = h2.cmd( 'echo $!' ).strip()
cmd = 'ps -p %s,%s -o pid,%%cpu,args' % ( pid1, pid2 )
# It's a shame that this is what pylint prefers
for _ in range( 5 ):
sleep( 1 )
print quietRun( cmd ).strip()
h1.cmd( 'kill %1')
h2.cmd( 'kill %1')
def limit( bw=10, cpu=.4 ):
"""Example/test of link and CPU bandwidth limits
bw: interface bandwidth limit in Mbps
cpu: cpu limit as fraction of overall CPU time"""
intf = custom( TCIntf, bw=bw )
myTopo = TreeTopo( depth=1, fanout=2 )
for sched in 'rt', 'cfs':
info( '*** Testing with', sched, 'bandwidth limiting\n' )
if sched == 'rt':
release = quietRun( 'uname -r' ).strip('\r\n')
output = quietRun( 'grep CONFIG_RT_GROUP_SCHED /boot/config-%s'
% release )
if output == '# CONFIG_RT_GROUP_SCHED is not set\n':
info( '*** RT Scheduler is not enabled in your kernel. '
'Skipping this test\n' )
continue
print '*** Testing with', sched, 'bandwidth limiting'
host = custom( CPULimitedHost, sched=sched, cpu=cpu )
net = Mininet( topo=myTopo, intf=intf, host=host )
net.start()
testLinkLimit( net, bw=bw )
net.runCpuLimitTest( cpu=cpu )
testCpuLimit( net, cpu=cpu )
net.stop()
def verySimpleLimit( bw=150 ):
+28 -44
View File
@@ -23,14 +23,11 @@ of switches, this example demonstrates:
"""
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import UserSwitch, OVSKernelSwitch, Controller
from mininet.node import UserSwitch, OVSKernelSwitch
from mininet.topo import Topo
from mininet.log import lg, info
from mininet.util import irange, quietRun
from mininet.link import TCLink
from functools import partial
from mininet.log import lg
from mininet.util import irange
import sys
flush = sys.stdout.flush
@@ -44,22 +41,22 @@ class LinearTestTopo( Topo ):
Topo.__init__( self, **params )
# Create switches and hosts
hosts = [ self.addHost( 'h%s' % h )
hosts = [ self.add_host( 'h%s' % h )
for h in irange( 1, N ) ]
switches = [ self.addSwitch( 's%s' % s )
switches = [ self.add_switch( 's%s' % s )
for s in irange( 1, N - 1 ) ]
# Wire up switches
last = None
for switch in switches:
if last:
self.addLink( last, switch )
self.add_link( last, switch )
last = switch
# Wire up hosts
self.addLink( hosts[ 0 ], switches[ 0 ] )
self.add_link( hosts[ 0 ], switches[ 0 ] )
for host, switch in zip( hosts[ 1: ], switches ):
self.addLink( host, switch )
self.add_link( host, switch )
def linearBandwidthTest( lengths ):
@@ -71,56 +68,43 @@ def linearBandwidthTest( lengths ):
hostCount = switchCount + 1
switches = { 'reference user': UserSwitch,
'Open vSwitch kernel': OVSKernelSwitch }
# UserSwitch is horribly slow with recent kernels.
# We can reinstate it once its performance is fixed
del switches[ 'reference user' ]
'Open vSwitch kernel': OVSKernelSwitch }
topo = LinearTestTopo( hostCount )
# Select TCP Reno
output = quietRun( 'sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=reno' )
assert 'reno' in output
for datapath in switches.keys():
info( "*** testing", datapath, "datapath\n" )
print "*** testing", datapath, "datapath"
Switch = switches[ datapath ]
results[ datapath ] = []
link = partial( TCLink, delay='2ms', bw=10 )
net = Mininet( topo=topo, switch=Switch,
controller=Controller, waitConnected=True,
link=link )
net = Mininet( topo=topo, switch=Switch )
net.start()
info( "*** testing basic connectivity\n" )
print "*** testing basic connectivity"
for n in lengths:
net.ping( [ net.hosts[ 0 ], net.hosts[ n ] ] )
info( "*** testing bandwidth\n" )
print "*** testing bandwidth"
for n in lengths:
src, dst = net.hosts[ 0 ], net.hosts[ n ]
# Try to prime the pump to reduce PACKET_INs during test
# since the reference controller is reactive
src.cmd( 'telnet', dst.IP(), '5001' )
info( "testing", src.name, "<->", dst.name, '\n' )
# serverbw = received; _clientbw = buffered
serverbw, _clientbw = net.iperf( [ src, dst ], seconds=10 )
info( serverbw, '\n' )
print "testing", src.name, "<->", dst.name,
bandwidth = net.iperf( [ src, dst ] )
print bandwidth
flush()
results[ datapath ] += [ ( n, serverbw ) ]
results[ datapath ] += [ ( n, bandwidth ) ]
net.stop()
for datapath in switches.keys():
info( "\n*** Linear network results for", datapath, "datapath:\n" )
print
print "*** Linear network results for", datapath, "datapath:"
print
result = results[ datapath ]
info( "SwitchCount\tiperf Results\n" )
for switchCount, serverbw in result:
info( switchCount, '\t\t' )
info( serverbw, '\n' )
info( '\n')
info( '\n' )
print "SwitchCount\tiperf Results"
for switchCount, bandwidth in result:
print switchCount, '\t\t',
print bandwidth[ 0 ], 'server, ', bandwidth[ 1 ], 'client'
print
print
if __name__ == '__main__':
lg.setLogLevel( 'info' )
sizes = [ 1, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 ]
info( "*** Running linearBandwidthTest", sizes, '\n' )
sizes = [ 1, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 ]
print "*** Running linearBandwidthTest", sizes
linearBandwidthTest( sizes )
-91
View File
@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/python
"""
linuxrouter.py: Example network with Linux IP router
This example converts a Node into a router using IP forwarding
already built into Linux.
The example topology creates a router and three IP subnets:
- 192.168.1.0/24 (r0-eth1, IP: 192.168.1.1)
- 172.16.0.0/12 (r0-eth2, IP: 172.16.0.1)
- 10.0.0.0/8 (r0-eth3, IP: 10.0.0.1)
Each subnet consists of a single host connected to
a single switch:
r0-eth1 - s1-eth1 - h1-eth0 (IP: 192.168.1.100)
r0-eth2 - s2-eth1 - h2-eth0 (IP: 172.16.0.100)
r0-eth3 - s3-eth1 - h3-eth0 (IP: 10.0.0.100)
The example relies on default routing entries that are
automatically created for each router interface, as well
as 'defaultRoute' parameters for the host interfaces.
Additional routes may be added to the router or hosts by
executing 'ip route' or 'route' commands on the router or hosts.
"""
from mininet.topo import Topo
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import Node
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info
from mininet.cli import CLI
class LinuxRouter( Node ):
"A Node with IP forwarding enabled."
def config( self, **params ):
super( LinuxRouter, self).config( **params )
# Enable forwarding on the router
self.cmd( 'sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1' )
def terminate( self ):
self.cmd( 'sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=0' )
super( LinuxRouter, self ).terminate()
class NetworkTopo( Topo ):
"A LinuxRouter connecting three IP subnets"
def build( self, **_opts ):
defaultIP = '192.168.1.1/24' # IP address for r0-eth1
router = self.addNode( 'r0', cls=LinuxRouter, ip=defaultIP )
s1, s2, s3 = [ self.addSwitch( s ) for s in ( 's1', 's2', 's3' ) ]
self.addLink( s1, router, intfName2='r0-eth1',
params2={ 'ip' : defaultIP } ) # for clarity
self.addLink( s2, router, intfName2='r0-eth2',
params2={ 'ip' : '172.16.0.1/12' } )
self.addLink( s3, router, intfName2='r0-eth3',
params2={ 'ip' : '10.0.0.1/8' } )
h1 = self.addHost( 'h1', ip='192.168.1.100/24',
defaultRoute='via 192.168.1.1' )
h2 = self.addHost( 'h2', ip='172.16.0.100/12',
defaultRoute='via 172.16.0.1' )
h3 = self.addHost( 'h3', ip='10.0.0.100/8',
defaultRoute='via 10.0.0.1' )
for h, s in [ (h1, s1), (h2, s2), (h3, s3) ]:
self.addLink( h, s )
def run():
"Test linux router"
topo = NetworkTopo()
net = Mininet( topo=topo ) # controller is used by s1-s3
net.start()
info( '*** Routing Table on Router:\n' )
info( net[ 'r0' ].cmd( 'route' ) )
CLI( net )
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
run()
+106 -3002
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-136
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@@ -1,136 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/python
"""
Simple example of Mobility with Mininet
(aka enough rope to hang yourself.)
We move a host from s1 to s2, s2 to s3, and then back to s1.
Gotchas:
The reference controller doesn't support mobility, so we need to
manually flush the switch flow tables!
Good luck!
to-do:
- think about wifi/hub behavior
- think about clearing last hop - why doesn't that work?
"""
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import OVSSwitch
from mininet.topo import LinearTopo
from mininet.log import info, output, warn, setLogLevel
from random import randint
class MobilitySwitch( OVSSwitch ):
"Switch that can reattach and rename interfaces"
def delIntf( self, intf ):
"Remove (and detach) an interface"
port = self.ports[ intf ]
del self.ports[ intf ]
del self.intfs[ port ]
del self.nameToIntf[ intf.name ]
def addIntf( self, intf, rename=False, **kwargs ):
"Add (and reparent) an interface"
OVSSwitch.addIntf( self, intf, **kwargs )
intf.node = self
if rename:
self.renameIntf( intf )
def attach( self, intf ):
"Attach an interface and set its port"
port = self.ports[ intf ]
if port:
if self.isOldOVS():
self.cmd( 'ovs-vsctl add-port', self, intf )
else:
self.cmd( 'ovs-vsctl add-port', self, intf,
'-- set Interface', intf,
'ofport_request=%s' % port )
self.validatePort( intf )
def validatePort( self, intf ):
"Validate intf's OF port number"
ofport = int( self.cmd( 'ovs-vsctl get Interface', intf,
'ofport' ) )
if ofport != self.ports[ intf ]:
warn( 'WARNING: ofport for', intf, 'is actually', ofport,
'\n' )
def renameIntf( self, intf, newname='' ):
"Rename an interface (to its canonical name)"
intf.ifconfig( 'down' )
if not newname:
newname = '%s-eth%d' % ( self.name, self.ports[ intf ] )
intf.cmd( 'ip link set', intf, 'name', newname )
del self.nameToIntf[ intf.name ]
intf.name = newname
self.nameToIntf[ intf.name ] = intf
intf.ifconfig( 'up' )
def moveIntf( self, intf, switch, port=None, rename=True ):
"Move one of our interfaces to another switch"
self.detach( intf )
self.delIntf( intf )
switch.addIntf( intf, port=port, rename=rename )
switch.attach( intf )
def printConnections( switches ):
"Compactly print connected nodes to each switch"
for sw in switches:
output( '%s: ' % sw )
for intf in sw.intfList():
link = intf.link
if link:
intf1, intf2 = link.intf1, link.intf2
remote = intf1 if intf1.node != sw else intf2
output( '%s(%s) ' % ( remote.node, sw.ports[ intf ] ) )
output( '\n' )
def moveHost( host, oldSwitch, newSwitch, newPort=None ):
"Move a host from old switch to new switch"
hintf, sintf = host.connectionsTo( oldSwitch )[ 0 ]
oldSwitch.moveIntf( sintf, newSwitch, port=newPort )
return hintf, sintf
def mobilityTest():
"A simple test of mobility"
info( '* Simple mobility test\n' )
net = Mininet( topo=LinearTopo( 3 ), switch=MobilitySwitch )
info( '* Starting network:\n' )
net.start()
printConnections( net.switches )
info( '* Testing network\n' )
net.pingAll()
info( '* Identifying switch interface for h1\n' )
h1, old = net.get( 'h1', 's1' )
for s in 2, 3, 1:
new = net[ 's%d' % s ]
port = randint( 10, 20 )
info( '* Moving', h1, 'from', old, 'to', new, 'port', port, '\n' )
hintf, sintf = moveHost( h1, old, new, newPort=port )
info( '*', hintf, 'is now connected to', sintf, '\n' )
info( '* Clearing out old flows\n' )
for sw in net.switches:
sw.dpctl( 'del-flows' )
info( '* New network:\n' )
printConnections( net.switches )
info( '* Testing connectivity:\n' )
net.pingAll()
old = new
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
mobilityTest()
-36
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@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/python
"""
This is a simple example that demonstrates multiple links
between nodes.
"""
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.topo import Topo
def runMultiLink():
"Create and run multiple link network"
topo = simpleMultiLinkTopo( n=2 )
net = Mininet( topo=topo )
net.start()
CLI( net )
net.stop()
class simpleMultiLinkTopo( Topo ):
"Simple topology with multiple links"
def __init__( self, n, **kwargs ):
Topo.__init__( self, **kwargs )
h1, h2 = self.addHost( 'h1' ), self.addHost( 'h2' )
s1 = self.addSwitch( 's1' )
for _ in range( n ):
self.addLink( s1, h1 )
self.addLink( s1, h2 )
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
runMultiLink()
+11 -9
View File
@@ -8,24 +8,28 @@ multiple hosts and monitor their output interactively for a period=
of time.
"""
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import Node
from mininet.topo import SingleSwitchTopo
from mininet.log import info, setLogLevel
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from select import poll, POLLIN
from time import time
def chunks( l, n ):
"Divide list l into chunks of size n - thanks Stackoverflow"
return [ l[ i: i + n ] for i in range( 0, len( l ), n ) ]
return [ l[ i : i + n ] for i in range( 0, len( l ), n ) ]
def startpings( host, targetips ):
"Tell host to repeatedly ping targets"
targetips.append( '10.0.0.200' )
targetips = ' '.join( targetips )
# BL: Not sure why loopback intf isn't up!
host.cmd( 'ifconfig lo up' )
# Simple ping loop
cmd = ( 'while true; do '
' for ip in %s; do ' % targetips +
@@ -35,8 +39,8 @@ def startpings( host, targetips ):
' done; '
'done &' )
info( '*** Host %s (%s) will be pinging ips: %s\n' %
( host.name, host.IP(), targetips ) )
print ( '*** Host %s (%s) will be pinging ips: %s' %
( host.name, host.IP(), targetips ) )
host.cmd( cmd )
@@ -45,7 +49,7 @@ def multiping( netsize, chunksize, seconds):
# Create network and identify subnets
topo = SingleSwitchTopo( netsize )
net = Mininet( topo=topo, waitConnected=True )
net = Mininet( topo=topo )
net.start()
hosts = net.hosts
subnets = chunks( hosts, chunksize )
@@ -59,8 +63,6 @@ def multiping( netsize, chunksize, seconds):
# Start pings
for subnet in subnets:
ips = [ host.IP() for host in subnet ]
#adding bogus to generate packet loss
ips.append( '10.0.0.200' )
for host in subnet:
startpings( host, ips )
@@ -70,7 +72,7 @@ def multiping( netsize, chunksize, seconds):
readable = poller.poll(1000)
for fd, _mask in readable:
node = Node.outToNode[ fd ]
info( '%s:' % node.name, node.monitor().strip(), '\n' )
print '%s:' % node.name, node.monitor().strip()
# Stop pings
for host in hosts:
+7 -10
View File
@@ -5,24 +5,21 @@ Simple example of sending output to multiple files and
monitoring them
"""
from mininet.topo import SingleSwitchTopo
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.log import info, setLogLevel
from mininet.util import decode
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from time import time
from select import poll, POLLIN
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
def monitorFiles( outfiles, seconds, timeoutms ):
"Monitor set of files and return [(host, line)...]"
devnull = open( '/dev/null', 'w' )
tails, fdToFile, fdToHost = {}, {}, {}
for h, outfile in outfiles.items():
for h, outfile in outfiles.iteritems():
tail = Popen( [ 'tail', '-f', outfile ],
stdout=PIPE, stderr=devnull )
stdout=PIPE, stderr=devnull )
fd = tail.stdout.fileno()
tails[ h ] = tail
fdToFile[ fd ] = tail.stdout
@@ -41,7 +38,7 @@ def monitorFiles( outfiles, seconds, timeoutms ):
host = fdToHost[ fd ]
# Wait for a line of output
line = f.readline().strip()
yield host, decode( line )
yield host, line
else:
# If we timed out, return nothing
yield None, ''
@@ -56,7 +53,7 @@ def monitorTest( N=3, seconds=3 ):
net = Mininet( topo )
net.start()
hosts = net.hosts
info( "Starting test...\n" )
print "Starting test..."
server = hosts[ 0 ]
outfiles, errfiles = {}, {}
for h in hosts:
@@ -70,10 +67,10 @@ def monitorTest( N=3, seconds=3 ):
'>', outfiles[ h ],
'2>', errfiles[ h ],
'&' )
info( "Monitoring output for", seconds, "seconds\n" )
print "Monitoring output for", seconds, "seconds"
for h, line in monitorFiles( outfiles, seconds, timeoutms=500 ):
if h:
info( '%s: %s\n' % ( h.name, line ) )
print '%s: %s' % ( h.name, line )
for h in hosts:
h.cmd('kill %ping')
net.stop()
+1 -1
View File
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
info( "*** Initializing Mininet and kernel modules\n" )
OVSKernelSwitch.setup()
info( "*** Creating network\n" )
network = Mininet( TreeTopo( depth=2, fanout=2 ), switch=OVSKernelSwitch )
network = Mininet( TreeTopo( depth=2, fanout=2 ), switch=OVSKernelSwitch)
info( "*** Starting network\n" )
network.start()
info( "*** Running ping test\n" )
-23
View File
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/python
"""
Example to create a Mininet topology and connect it to the internet via NAT
"""
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.log import lg, info
from mininet.topolib import TreeNet
if __name__ == '__main__':
lg.setLogLevel( 'info')
net = TreeNet( depth=1, fanout=4 )
# Add NAT connectivity
net.addNAT().configDefault()
net.start()
info( "*** Hosts are running and should have internet connectivity\n" )
info( "*** Type 'exit' or control-D to shut down network\n" )
CLI( net )
# Shut down NAT
net.stop()
-69
View File
@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/python
"""
natnet.py: Example network with NATs
h0
|
s0
|
----------------
| |
nat1 nat2
| |
s1 s2
| |
h1 h2
"""
from mininet.topo import Topo
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.nodelib import NAT
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.util import irange
class InternetTopo(Topo):
"Single switch connected to n hosts."
def __init__(self, n=2, **opts):
Topo.__init__(self, **opts)
# set up inet switch
inetSwitch = self.addSwitch('s0')
# add inet host
inetHost = self.addHost('h0')
self.addLink(inetSwitch, inetHost)
# add local nets
for i in irange(1, n):
inetIntf = 'nat%d-eth0' % i
localIntf = 'nat%d-eth1' % i
localIP = '192.168.%d.1' % i
localSubnet = '192.168.%d.0/24' % i
natParams = { 'ip' : '%s/24' % localIP }
# add NAT to topology
nat = self.addNode('nat%d' % i, cls=NAT, subnet=localSubnet,
inetIntf=inetIntf, localIntf=localIntf)
switch = self.addSwitch('s%d' % i)
# connect NAT to inet and local switches
self.addLink(nat, inetSwitch, intfName1=inetIntf)
self.addLink(nat, switch, intfName1=localIntf, params1=natParams)
# add host and connect to local switch
host = self.addHost('h%d' % i,
ip='192.168.%d.100/24' % i,
defaultRoute='via %s' % localIP)
self.addLink(host, switch)
def run():
"Create network and run the CLI"
topo = InternetTopo()
net = Mininet(topo=topo)
net.start()
CLI(net)
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel('info')
run()
-80
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@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/python
"""
Create a network with 5 hosts, numbered 1-4 and 9.
Validate that the port numbers match to the interface name,
and that the ovs ports match the mininet ports.
"""
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import Controller
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info, warn
def validatePort( switch, intf ):
"Validate intf's OF port number"
ofport = int( switch.cmd( 'ovs-vsctl get Interface', intf,
'ofport' ) )
if ofport != switch.ports[ intf ]:
warn( 'WARNING: ofport for', intf, 'is actually', ofport, '\n' )
return 0
else:
return 1
def testPortNumbering():
"""Test port numbering:
Create a network with 5 hosts (using Mininet's
mid-level API) and check that implicit and
explicit port numbering works as expected."""
net = Mininet( controller=Controller )
info( '*** Adding controller\n' )
net.addController( 'c0' )
info( '*** Adding hosts\n' )
h1 = net.addHost( 'h1', ip='10.0.0.1' )
h2 = net.addHost( 'h2', ip='10.0.0.2' )
h3 = net.addHost( 'h3', ip='10.0.0.3' )
h4 = net.addHost( 'h4', ip='10.0.0.4' )
h5 = net.addHost( 'h5', ip='10.0.0.5' )
info( '*** Adding switch\n' )
s1 = net.addSwitch( 's1' )
info( '*** Creating links\n' )
# host 1-4 connect to ports 1-4 on the switch
net.addLink( h1, s1 )
net.addLink( h2, s1 )
net.addLink( h3, s1 )
net.addLink( h4, s1 )
# specify a different port to connect host 5 to on the switch.
net.addLink( h5, s1, port1=1, port2= 9)
info( '*** Starting network\n' )
net.start()
# print the interfaces and their port numbers
info( '\n*** printing and validating the ports '
'running on each interface\n' )
for intfs in s1.intfList():
if not intfs.name == "lo":
info( intfs, ': ', s1.ports[intfs],
'\n' )
info( 'Validating that', intfs,
'is actually on port', s1.ports[intfs], '... ' )
if validatePort( s1, intfs ):
info( 'Validated.\n' )
info( '\n' )
# test the network with pingall
net.pingAll()
info( '\n' )
info( '*** Stopping network\n' )
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
testPortNumbering()
+2 -3
View File
@@ -5,11 +5,10 @@ This example monitors a number of hosts using host.popen() and
pmonitor()
"""
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import CPULimitedHost
from mininet.topo import SingleSwitchTopo
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from mininet.util import custom, pmonitor
def monitorhosts( hosts=5, sched='cfs' ):
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ def monitorhosts( hosts=5, sched='cfs' ):
# Monitor them and print output
for host, line in pmonitor( popens ):
if host:
info( "<%s>: %s" % ( host.name, line ) )
print "<%s>: %s" % ( host.name, line.strip() )
# Done
net.stop()
+3 -6
View File
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.topo import SingleSwitchTopo
from mininet.util import pmonitor
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info
from time import time
from signal import SIGINT
@@ -16,21 +14,20 @@ def pmonitorTest( N=3, seconds=10 ):
net = Mininet( topo )
net.start()
hosts = net.hosts
info( "Starting test...\n" )
print "Starting test..."
server = hosts[ 0 ]
popens = {}
for h in hosts:
popens[ h ] = h.popen('ping', server.IP() )
info( "Monitoring output for", seconds, "seconds\n" )
print "Monitoring output for", seconds, "seconds"
endTime = time() + seconds
for h, line in pmonitor( popens, timeoutms=500 ):
if h:
info( '<%s>: %s' % ( h.name, line ) )
print '%s: %s' % ( h.name, line ),
if time() >= endTime:
for p in popens.values():
p.send_signal( SIGINT )
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
pmonitorTest()
+1 -2
View File
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ but it exposes the configuration details and allows customization.
For most tasks, the higher-level API will be preferable.
"""
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import Node
from mininet.link import Link
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ def scratchNet( cname='controller', cargs='-v ptcp:' ):
switch.cmd( 'ovs-vsctl del-br dp0' )
switch.cmd( 'ovs-vsctl add-br dp0' )
for intf in switch.intfs.values():
switch.cmd( 'ovs-vsctl add-port dp0 %s\n' % intf )
print switch.cmd( 'ovs-vsctl add-port dp0 %s' % intf )
# Note: controller and switch are in root namespace, and we
# can connect via loopback interface
+5 -5
View File
@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@ def scratchNetUser( cname='controller', cargs='ptcp:' ):
h1intf, sintf2 = linkIntfs( h1, switch )
info( '*** Configuring control network\n' )
controller.setIP( '10.0.123.1/24', intf=cintf )
switch.setIP( '10.0.123.2/24', intf=sintf)
controller.setIP( '10.0.123.1/24', cintf )
switch.setIP( '10.0.123.2/24', sintf)
info( '*** Configuring hosts\n' )
h0.setIP( '192.168.123.1/24', intf=h0intf )
h1.setIP( '192.168.123.2/24', intf=h1intf )
h0.setIP( '192.168.123.1/24', h0intf )
h1.setIP( '192.168.123.2/24', h1intf )
info( '*** Network state:\n' )
for node in controller, switch, h0, h1:
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def scratchNetUser( cname='controller', cargs='ptcp:' ):
info( '*** Starting controller and user datapath\n' )
controller.cmd( cname + ' ' + cargs + '&' )
switch.cmd( 'ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1' )
intfs = str( sintf1 ), str( sintf2 )
intfs = [ str( i ) for i in sintf1, sintf2 ]
switch.cmd( 'ofdatapath -i ' + ','.join( intfs ) + ' ptcp: &' )
switch.cmd( 'ofprotocol tcp:' + controller.IP() + ' tcp:localhost &' )
Executable → Regular
+21 -37
View File
@@ -2,59 +2,43 @@
"""
Simple example of setting network and CPU parameters
NOTE: link params limit BW, add latency, and loss.
There is a high chance that pings WILL fail and that
iperf will hang indefinitely if the TCP handshake fails
to complete.
"""
from mininet.topo import Topo
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import CPULimitedHost
from mininet.link import TCLink
from mininet.util import dumpNodeConnections
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from sys import argv
# It would be nice if we didn't have to do this:
# pylint: disable=arguments-differ
class SingleSwitchTopo( Topo ):
class SingleSwitchTopo(Topo):
"Single switch connected to n hosts."
def build( self, n=2, lossy=True ):
switch = self.addSwitch('s1')
def __init__(self, n=2, **opts):
Topo.__init__(self, **opts)
switch = self.add_switch('s1')
for h in range(n):
# Each host gets 50%/n of system CPU
host = self.addHost('h%s' % (h + 1),
cpu=.5 / n)
if lossy:
# 10 Mbps, 5ms delay, 10% packet loss
self.addLink(host, switch,
bw=10, delay='5ms', loss=10, use_htb=True)
else:
# 10 Mbps, 5ms delay, no packet loss
self.addLink(host, switch,
bw=10, delay='5ms', loss=0, use_htb=True)
host = self.add_host('h%s' % (h + 1),
cpu=.5 / n)
# 10 Mbps, 5ms delay, 10% loss
self.add_link(host, switch,
bw=10, delay='5ms', loss=10, use_htb=True)
def perfTest( lossy=True ):
def perfTest():
"Create network and run simple performance test"
topo = SingleSwitchTopo( n=4, lossy=lossy )
net = Mininet( topo=topo,
host=CPULimitedHost, link=TCLink,
autoStaticArp=True )
topo = SingleSwitchTopo(n=4)
net = Mininet(topo=topo,
host=CPULimitedHost, link=TCLink)
net.start()
info( "Dumping host connections\n" )
print "Dumping host connections"
dumpNodeConnections(net.hosts)
info( "Testing bandwidth between h1 and h4\n" )
print "Testing network connectivity"
net.pingAll()
print "Testing bandwidth between h1 and h4"
h1, h4 = net.getNodeByName('h1', 'h4')
net.iperf( ( h1, h4 ), l4Type='UDP' )
net.iperf((h1, h4))
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
# Prevent test_simpleperf from failing due to packet loss
perfTest( lossy=( 'testmode' not in argv ) )
setLogLevel('info')
perfTest()
+21 -33
View File
@@ -16,58 +16,50 @@ demonstrates:
- running server processes (sshd in this case) on hosts
"""
import sys
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.log import lg, info
from mininet.node import Node
from mininet.log import lg
from mininet.node import Node, OVSKernelSwitch
from mininet.topolib import TreeTopo
from mininet.util import waitListening
from mininet.link import Link
def TreeNet( depth=1, fanout=2, **kwargs ):
"Convenience function for creating tree networks."
topo = TreeTopo( depth, fanout )
return Mininet( topo, **kwargs )
def connectToRootNS( network, switch, ip, routes ):
def connectToRootNS( network, switch, ip, prefixLen, routes ):
"""Connect hosts to root namespace via switch. Starts network.
network: Mininet() network object
switch: switch to connect to root namespace
ip: IP address for root namespace node
prefixLen: IP address prefix length (e.g. 8, 16, 24)
routes: host networks to route to"""
# Create a node in root namespace and link to switch 0
root = Node( 'root', inNamespace=False )
intf = network.addLink( root, switch ).intf1
root.setIP( ip, intf=intf )
intf = Link( root, switch ).intf1
root.setIP( ip, prefixLen, intf )
# Start network that now includes link to root namespace
network.start()
# Add routes from root ns to hosts
for route in routes:
root.cmd( 'route add -net ' + route + ' dev ' + str( intf ) )
def sshd( network, cmd='/usr/sbin/sshd', opts='-D',
ip='10.123.123.1/32', routes=None, switch=None ):
"""Start a network, connect it to root ns, and run sshd on all hosts.
ip: root-eth0 IP address in root namespace (10.123.123.1/32)
routes: Mininet host networks to route to (10.0/24)
switch: Mininet switch to connect to root namespace (s1)"""
if not switch:
switch = network[ 's1' ] # switch to use
if not routes:
routes = [ '10.0.0.0/24' ]
connectToRootNS( network, switch, ip, routes )
def sshd( network, cmd='/usr/sbin/sshd', opts='-D' ):
"Start a network, connect it to root ns, and run sshd on all hosts."
switch = network.switches[ 0 ] # switch to use
ip = '10.123.123.1' # our IP address on host network
routes = [ '10.0.0.0/8' ] # host networks to route to
connectToRootNS( network, switch, ip, 8, routes )
for host in network.hosts:
host.cmd( cmd + ' ' + opts + '&' )
info( "*** Waiting for ssh daemons to start\n" )
for server in network.hosts:
waitListening( server=server, port=22, timeout=5 )
info( "\n*** Hosts are running sshd at the following addresses:\n" )
print
print "*** Hosts are running sshd at the following addresses:"
print
for host in network.hosts:
info( host.name, host.IP(), '\n' )
info( "\n*** Type 'exit' or control-D to shut down network\n" )
print host.name, host.IP()
print
print "*** Type 'exit' or control-D to shut down network"
CLI( network )
for host in network.hosts:
host.cmd( 'kill %' + cmd )
@@ -75,9 +67,5 @@ def sshd( network, cmd='/usr/sbin/sshd', opts='-D',
if __name__ == '__main__':
lg.setLogLevel( 'info')
net = TreeNet( depth=1, fanout=4 )
# get sshd args from the command line or use default args
# useDNS=no -u0 to avoid reverse DNS lookup timeout
argvopts = ' '.join( sys.argv[ 1: ] ) if len( sys.argv ) > 1 else (
'-D -o UseDNS=no -u0' )
sshd( net, opts=argvopts )
net = TreeNet( depth=1, fanout=4, switch=OVSKernelSwitch )
sshd( net )
-42
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@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Run all mininet.examples tests
-v : verbose output
-quick : skip tests that take more than ~30 seconds
"""
import unittest
import os
import sys
from mininet.util import ensureRoot
from mininet.clean import cleanup
class MininetTestResult( unittest.TextTestResult ):
def addFailure( self, test, err ):
super( MininetTestResult, self ).addFailure( test, err )
cleanup()
def addError( self,test, err ):
super( MininetTestResult, self ).addError( test, err )
cleanup()
class MininetTestRunner( unittest.TextTestRunner ):
def _makeResult( self ):
return MininetTestResult( self.stream, self.descriptions, self.verbosity )
def runTests( testDir, verbosity=1 ):
"discover and run all tests in testDir"
# ensure root and cleanup before starting tests
ensureRoot()
cleanup()
# discover all tests in testDir
testSuite = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover( testDir )
# run tests
success = MininetTestRunner( verbosity=verbosity ).run( testSuite ).wasSuccessful()
sys.exit( 0 if success else 1 )
if __name__ == '__main__':
# get the directory containing example tests
testDir = os.path.dirname( os.path.realpath( __file__ ) )
verbosity = 2 if '-v' in sys.argv else 1
runTests( testDir, verbosity )
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@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Tests for baresshd.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
from mininet.clean import cleanup, sh
from sys import stdout
class testBareSSHD( unittest.TestCase ):
opts = [ 'Welcome to h1', pexpect.EOF, pexpect.TIMEOUT ]
def connected( self ):
"Log into ssh server, check banner, then exit"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'ssh 10.0.0.1 -o ConnectTimeout=1 '
'-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no '
'-i /tmp/ssh/test_rsa exit' )
while True:
index = p.expect( self.opts )
if index == 0:
return True
else:
return False
def setUp( self ):
# verify that sshd is not running
self.assertFalse( self.connected() )
# create public key pair for testing
sh( 'rm -rf /tmp/ssh' )
sh( 'mkdir /tmp/ssh' )
sh( "ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f /tmp/ssh/test_rsa" )
sh( 'cat /tmp/ssh/test_rsa.pub >> /tmp/ssh/authorized_keys' )
# run example with custom sshd args
cmd = ( 'python -m mininet.examples.baresshd '
'-o AuthorizedKeysFile=/tmp/ssh/authorized_keys '
'-o StrictModes=no' )
p = pexpect.spawn( cmd )
runOpts = [ 'You may now ssh into h1 at 10.0.0.1',
'after 5 seconds, h1 is not listening on port 22',
pexpect.EOF, pexpect.TIMEOUT ]
while True:
index = p.expect( runOpts )
if index == 0:
break
else:
self.tearDown()
self.fail( 'sshd failed to start in host h1' )
def testSSH( self ):
"Simple test to verify that we can ssh into h1"
result = False
# try to connect up to 3 times; sshd can take a while to start
result = self.connected()
self.assertTrue( result )
def tearDown( self ):
# kill the ssh process
sh( "ps aux | grep ssh |grep Banner| awk '{ print $2 }' | xargs kill" )
cleanup()
# remove public key pair
sh( 'rm -rf /tmp/ssh' )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
-66
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@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Tests for bind.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
class testBind( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
def setUp( self ):
self.net = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.bind' )
self.net.expect( "Private Directories: \[([\w\s,'/]+)\]" )
self.directories = []
# parse directories from mn output
for d in self.net.match.group(1).split(', '):
self.directories.append( d.strip("'") )
self.net.expect( self.prompt )
self.assertTrue( len( self.directories ) > 0 )
def testCreateFile( self ):
"Create a file, a.txt, in the first private directory and verify"
fileName = 'a.txt'
directory = self.directories[ 0 ]
path = directory + '/' + fileName
self.net.sendline( 'h1 touch %s; ls %s' % ( path, directory ) )
index = self.net.expect( [ fileName, self.prompt ] )
self.assertTrue( index == 0 )
self.net.expect( self.prompt )
self.net.sendline( 'h1 rm %s' % path )
self.net.expect( self.prompt )
def testIsolation( self ):
"Create a file in two hosts and verify that contents are different"
fileName = 'b.txt'
directory = self.directories[ 0 ]
path = directory + '/' + fileName
contents = { 'h1' : '1', 'h2' : '2' }
# Verify file doesn't exist, then write private copy of file
for host in contents:
value = contents[ host ]
self.net.sendline( '%s cat %s' % ( host, path ) )
self.net.expect( 'No such file' )
self.net.expect( self.prompt )
self.net.sendline( '%s echo %s > %s' % ( host, value, path ) )
self.net.expect( self.prompt )
# Verify file contents
for host in contents:
value = contents[ host ]
self.net.sendline( '%s cat %s' % ( host, path ) )
self.net.expect( value )
self.net.expect( self.prompt )
self.net.sendline( '%s rm %s' % ( host, path ) )
self.net.expect( self.prompt )
# TODO: need more tests
def tearDown( self ):
self.net.sendline( 'exit' )
self.net.wait()
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
-27
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@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
'''
A simple sanity check test for cluster edition
'''
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
class clusterSanityCheck( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
def testClusterPingAll( self ):
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.clusterSanity' )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'pingall' )
p.expect ( '(\d+)% dropped' )
percent = int( p.match.group( 1 ) ) if p.match else -1
self.assertEqual( percent, 0 )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
-48
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@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Tests for controllers.py and controllers2.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
class testControllers( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
def connectedTest( self, name, cmap ):
"Verify that switches are connected to the controller specified by cmap"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m %s' % name )
p.expect( self.prompt )
# but first a simple ping test
p.sendline( 'pingall' )
p.expect ( '(\d+)% dropped' )
percent = int( p.match.group( 1 ) ) if p.match else -1
self.assertEqual( percent, 0 )
p.expect( self.prompt )
# verify connected controller
for switch in cmap:
p.sendline( 'sh ovs-vsctl get-controller %s' % switch )
p.expect( 'tcp:([\d.:]+)')
actual = p.match.group(1)
expected = cmap[ switch ]
self.assertEqual( actual, expected )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
def testControllers( self ):
c0 = '127.0.0.1:6633'
c1 = '127.0.0.1:6634'
cmap = { 's1': c0, 's2': c1, 's3': c0 }
self.connectedTest( 'mininet.examples.controllers', cmap )
def testControllers2( self ):
c0 = '127.0.0.1:6633'
c1 = '127.0.0.1:6634'
cmap = { 's1': c0, 's2': c1 }
self.connectedTest( 'mininet.examples.controllers2', cmap )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
-47
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@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for controlnet.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
class testControlNet( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
def testPingall( self ):
"Simple pingall test that verifies 0% packet drop in data network"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.controlnet' )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'pingall' )
p.expect ( '(\d+)% dropped' )
percent = int( p.match.group( 1 ) ) if p.match else -1
self.assertEqual( percent, 0 )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
def testFailover( self ):
"Kill controllers and verify that switch, s1, fails over properly"
count = 1
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.controlnet' )
p.expect( self.prompt )
lp = pexpect.spawn( 'tail -f /tmp/s1-ofp.log' )
lp.expect( 'tcp:\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.(\d+):\d+: connected' )
ip = int( lp.match.group( 1 ) )
self.assertEqual( count, ip )
count += 1
for c in [ 'c0', 'c1' ]:
p.sendline( '%s ifconfig %s-eth0 down' % ( c, c) )
p.expect( self.prompt )
lp.expect( 'tcp:\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.(\d+):\d+: connected' )
ip = int( lp.match.group( 1 ) )
self.assertEqual( count, ip )
count += 1
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
-52
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@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for cpu.py
results format:
sched cpu received bits/sec
cfs 50% 8.14e+09
cfs 40% 6.48e+09
cfs 30% 4.56e+09
cfs 20% 2.84e+09
cfs 10% 1.29e+09
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
import sys
class testCPU( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
@unittest.skipIf( '-quick' in sys.argv, 'long test' )
def testCPU( self ):
"Verify that CPU utilization is monotonically decreasing for each scheduler"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.cpu', timeout=300 )
# matches each line from results( shown above )
opts = [ '([a-z]+)\t([\d\.]+)%\t([\d\.e\+]+)',
pexpect.EOF ]
scheds = []
while True:
index = p.expect( opts )
if index == 0:
sched = p.match.group( 1 )
cpu = float( p.match.group( 2 ) )
bw = float( p.match.group( 3 ) )
if sched not in scheds:
scheds.append( sched )
else:
self.assertTrue( bw < previous_bw,
"%e should be less than %e\n" %
( bw, previous_bw ) )
previous_bw = bw
else:
break
self.assertTrue( len( scheds ) > 0 )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
-32
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@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for emptynet.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
class testEmptyNet( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
def testEmptyNet( self ):
"Run simple CLI tests: pingall (verify 0% drop) and iperf (sanity)"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.emptynet' )
p.expect( self.prompt )
# pingall test
p.sendline( 'pingall' )
p.expect ( '(\d+)% dropped' )
percent = int( p.match.group( 1 ) ) if p.match else -1
self.assertEqual( percent, 0 )
p.expect( self.prompt )
# iperf test
p.sendline( 'iperf' )
p.expect( "Results: \['[\d.]+ .bits/sec', '[\d.]+ .bits/sec'\]" )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
-65
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@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for hwintf.py
"""
import unittest
import re
from mininet.util import pexpect
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from mininet.node import Node
from mininet.link import Link
class testHwintf( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
def setUp( self ):
self.h3 = Node( 't0', ip='10.0.0.3/8' )
self.n0 = Node( 't1', inNamespace=False )
Link( self.h3, self.n0 )
self.h3.configDefault()
def testLocalPing( self ):
"Verify connectivity between virtual hosts using pingall"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.hwintf %s' % self.n0.intf() )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'pingall' )
p.expect ( '(\d+)% dropped' )
percent = int( p.match.group( 1 ) ) if p.match else -1
self.assertEqual( percent, 0 )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
def testExternalPing( self ):
"Verify connnectivity between virtual host and virtual-physical 'external' host "
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.hwintf %s' % self.n0.intf() )
p.expect( self.prompt )
# test ping external to internal
expectStr = '(\d+) packets transmitted, (\d+) received'
m = re.search( expectStr, self.h3.cmd( 'ping -v -c 1 10.0.0.1' ) )
tx = m.group( 1 )
rx = m.group( 2 )
self.assertEqual( tx, rx )
# test ping internal to external
p.sendline( 'h1 ping -c 1 10.0.0.3')
p.expect( expectStr )
tx = p.match.group( 1 )
rx = p.match.group( 2 )
self.assertEqual( tx, rx )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
def tearDown( self ):
self.h3.stop( deleteIntfs=True )
self.n0.stop( deleteIntfs=True )
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'warning' )
unittest.main()
-44
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@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for intfOptions.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
import sys
class testIntfOptions( unittest.TestCase ):
def testIntfOptions( self ):
"verify that intf.config is correctly limiting traffic"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.intfoptions ' )
tolerance = .2 # plus or minus 20%
opts = [ "Results: \['([\d\.]+) .bits/sec",
"Results: \['10M', '([\d\.]+) .bits/sec",
"h(\d+)->h(\d+): (\d)/(\d),"
"rtt min/avg/max/mdev ([\d\.]+)/([\d\.]+)/([\d\.]+)/([\d\.]+) ms",
pexpect.EOF ]
while True:
index = p.expect( opts, timeout=600 )
if index == 0:
BW = 5
bw = float( p.match.group( 1 ) )
self.assertGreaterEqual( bw, BW * ( 1 - tolerance ) )
self.assertLessEqual( bw, BW * ( 1 + tolerance ) )
elif index == 1:
BW = 10
measuredBw = float( p.match.group( 1 ) )
loss = ( measuredBw / BW ) * 100
self.assertGreaterEqual( loss, 50 * ( 1 - tolerance ) )
self.assertLessEqual( loss, 50 * ( 1 + tolerance ) )
elif index == 2:
delay = float( p.match.group( 6 ) )
self.assertGreaterEqual( delay, 15 * ( 1 - tolerance ) )
self.assertLessEqual( delay, 15 * ( 1 + tolerance ) )
else:
break
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for limit.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
import sys
class testLimit( unittest.TestCase ):
@unittest.skipIf( '-quick' in sys.argv, 'long test' )
def testLimit( self ):
"Verify that CPU limits are within a 2% tolerance of limit for each scheduler"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.limit' )
opts = [ '\*\*\* Testing network ([\d\.]+) Mbps',
'\*\*\* Results: \[([\d\., ]+)\]',
pexpect.EOF ]
count = 0
bw = 0
tolerance = 2
while True:
index = p.expect( opts )
if index == 0:
bw = float( p.match.group( 1 ) )
count += 1
elif index == 1:
results = p.match.group( 1 )
for x in results.split( ',' ):
result = float( x )
self.assertTrue( result < bw + tolerance )
self.assertTrue( result > bw - tolerance )
else:
break
self.assertTrue( count > 0 )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for linearbandwidth.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
import sys
class testLinearBandwidth( unittest.TestCase ):
@unittest.skipIf( '-quick' in sys.argv, 'long test' )
def testLinearBandwidth( self ):
"Verify that bandwidth is monotonically decreasing as # of hops increases"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.linearbandwidth' )
count = 0
opts = [ '\*\*\* Linear network results',
'(\d+)\s+([\d\.]+) (.bits)',
pexpect.EOF ]
while True:
index = p.expect( opts, timeout=600 )
if index == 0:
count += 1
elif index == 1:
n = int( p.match.group( 1 ) )
bw = float( p.match.group( 2 ) )
unit = p.match.group( 3 )
if unit[ 0 ] == 'K':
bw *= 10 ** 3
elif unit[ 0 ] == 'M':
bw *= 10 ** 6
elif unit[ 0 ] == 'G':
bw *= 10 ** 9
# check that we have a previous result to compare to
if n != 1:
info = ( 'bw: %.2e bits/s across %d switches, '
'previous: %.2e bits/s across %d switches' %
( bw, n, previous_bw, previous_n ) )
self.assertTrue( bw < previous_bw, info )
previous_bw, previous_n = bw, n
else:
break
# verify that we received results from at least one switch
self.assertTrue( count > 0 )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for linuxrouter.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
from mininet.util import quietRun
class testLinuxRouter( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
def testPingall( self ):
"Test connectivity between hosts"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.linuxrouter' )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'pingall' )
p.expect ( '(\d+)% dropped' )
percent = int( p.match.group( 1 ) ) if p.match else -1
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
self.assertEqual( percent, 0 )
def testRouterPing( self ):
"Test connectivity from h1 to router"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.linuxrouter' )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'h1 ping -c 1 r0' )
p.expect ( '(\d+)% packet loss' )
percent = int( p.match.group( 1 ) ) if p.match else -1
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
self.assertEqual( percent, 0 )
def testTTL( self ):
"Verify that the TTL is decremented"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.linuxrouter' )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'h1 ping -c 1 h2' )
p.expect ( 'ttl=(\d+)' )
ttl = int( p.match.group( 1 ) ) if p.match else -1
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
self.assertEqual( ttl, 63 ) # 64 - 1
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for mobility.py
"""
import unittest
from subprocess import check_output
class testMobility( unittest.TestCase ):
def testMobility( self ):
"Run the example and verify its 4 ping results"
cmd = 'python -m mininet.examples.mobility 2>&1'
grep = ' | grep -c " 0% dropped" '
result = check_output( cmd + grep, shell=True )
assert int( result ) == 4
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
'''
Test for multiple links between nodes
validates mininet interfaces against systems interfaces
'''
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
class testMultiLink( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
def testMultiLink(self):
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.multilink' )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'intfs' )
p.expect( 's(\d): lo' )
intfsOutput = p.before
# parse interfaces from mininet intfs, and store them in a list
hostToIntfs = intfsOutput.split( '\r\n' )[ 1:3 ]
intfList = []
for hostToIntf in hostToIntfs:
intfList += [ intf for intf in
hostToIntf.split()[1].split(',') ]
# get interfaces from system by running ifconfig on every host
sysIntfList = []
opts = [ 'h(\d)-eth(\d)', self.prompt ]
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'h1 ifconfig' )
while True:
p.expect( opts )
if p.after == self.prompt:
break
sysIntfList.append( p.after )
p.sendline( 'h2 ifconfig' )
while True:
p.expect( opts )
if p.after == self.prompt:
break
sysIntfList.append( p.after )
failMsg = ( 'The systems interfaces and mininet interfaces\n'
'are not the same' )
self.assertEqual( sysIntfList, intfList, msg=failMsg )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for multiping.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
from collections import defaultdict
class testMultiPing( unittest.TestCase ):
def testMultiPing( self ):
"""Verify that each target is pinged at least once, and
that pings to 'real' targets are successful and unknown targets fail"""
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.multiping' )
opts = [ "Host (h\d+) \(([\d.]+)\) will be pinging ips: ([\d\. ]+)",
"(h\d+): ([\d.]+) -> ([\d.]+) \d packets transmitted, (\d) received",
pexpect.EOF ]
pings = defaultdict( list )
while True:
index = p.expect( opts )
if index == 0:
name = p.match.group(1)
ip = p.match.group(2)
targets = p.match.group(3).split()
pings[ name ] += targets
elif index == 1:
name = p.match.group(1)
ip = p.match.group(2)
target = p.match.group(3)
received = int( p.match.group(4) )
if target == '10.0.0.200':
self.assertEqual( received, 0, p.match.group(0) + '\n' +
target + ' received %d != 0 packets' % received )
else:
self.assertEqual( received, 1, p.match.group(0) + '\n' +
target + ' received %d != 1 packets' % received )
try:
pings[ name ].remove( target )
except:
pass
else:
break
self.assertTrue( len( pings ) > 0, 'too few pings' )
for t in pings.values():
self.assertEqual( len( t ), 0, 'missed ping target(s): %s' % t )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for multipoll.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
class testMultiPoll( unittest.TestCase ):
def testMultiPoll( self ):
"Verify that we receive one ping per second per host"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.multipoll' )
opts = [ "\*\*\* (h\d) :" ,
"(h\d+): \d+ bytes from",
"Monitoring output for (\d+) seconds",
pexpect.EOF ]
pings, seconds = {}, -1
while True:
index = p.expect( opts )
if index == 0:
name = p.match.group( 1 )
pings[ name ] = 0
elif index == 1:
name = p.match.group( 1 )
pings[ name ] += 1
elif index == 2:
seconds = int( p.match.group( 1 ) )
else:
break
self.assertTrue( len( pings ) > 0 )
# make sure we have received at least one ping per second
for count in pings.values():
self.assertTrue( count >= seconds,
'%d pings < %d seconds' % ( count, seconds ) )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for multitest.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
class testMultiTest( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
def testMultiTest( self ):
"Verify pingall (0% dropped) and hX-eth0 interface for each host (ifconfig)"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.multitest' )
p.expect( '(\d+)% dropped' )
dropped = int( p.match.group( 1 ) )
self.assertEqual( dropped, 0 )
ifCount = 0
while True:
index = p.expect( [ 'h\d-eth0', self.prompt ] )
if index == 0:
ifCount += 1
elif index == 1:
p.sendline( 'exit' )
break
p.wait()
self.assertEqual( ifCount, 4 )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
-32
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@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for nat.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
from mininet.util import quietRun
destIP = '8.8.8.8' # Google DNS
class testNAT( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
@unittest.skipIf( '0 received' in quietRun( 'ping -c 1 %s' % destIP ),
'Destination IP is not reachable' )
def testNAT( self ):
"Attempt to ping an IP on the Internet and verify 0% packet loss"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.nat' )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'h1 ping -c 1 %s' % destIP )
p.expect ( '(\d+)% packet loss' )
percent = int( p.match.group( 1 ) ) if p.match else -1
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
self.assertEqual( percent, 0 )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for natnet.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
from mininet.util import quietRun
class testNATNet( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
def setUp( self ):
self.net = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.natnet' )
self.net.expect( self.prompt )
def testPublicPing( self ):
"Attempt to ping the public server (h0) from h1 and h2"
self.net.sendline( 'h1 ping -c 1 h0' )
self.net.expect ( '(\d+)% packet loss' )
percent = int( self.net.match.group( 1 ) ) if self.net.match else -1
self.assertEqual( percent, 0 )
self.net.expect( self.prompt )
self.net.sendline( 'h2 ping -c 1 h0' )
self.net.expect ( '(\d+)% packet loss' )
percent = int( self.net.match.group( 1 ) ) if self.net.match else -1
self.assertEqual( percent, 0 )
self.net.expect( self.prompt )
def testPrivatePing( self ):
"Attempt to ping h1 and h2 from public server"
self.net.sendline( 'h0 ping -c 1 -t 1 h1' )
result = self.net.expect ( [ 'unreachable', 'loss' ] )
self.assertEqual( result, 0 )
self.net.expect( self.prompt )
self.net.sendline( 'h0 ping -c 1 -t 1 h2' )
result = self.net.expect ( [ 'unreachable', 'loss' ] )
self.assertEqual( result, 0 )
self.net.expect( self.prompt )
def testPrivateToPrivatePing( self ):
"Attempt to ping from NAT'ed host h1 to NAT'ed host h2"
self.net.sendline( 'h1 ping -c 1 -t 1 h2' )
result = self.net.expect ( [ '[Uu]nreachable', 'loss' ] )
self.assertEqual( result, 0 )
self.net.expect( self.prompt )
def tearDown( self ):
self.net.sendline( 'exit' )
self.net.wait()
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for numberedports.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
from collections import defaultdict
from mininet.node import OVSSwitch
class testNumberedports( unittest.TestCase ):
@unittest.skipIf( OVSSwitch.setup() or OVSSwitch.isOldOVS(), "old version of OVS" )
def testConsistency( self ):
"""verify consistency between mininet and ovs ports"""
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.numberedports' )
opts = [ 'Validating that s1-eth\d is actually on port \d ... Validated.',
'Validating that s1-eth\d is actually on port \d ... WARNING',
pexpect.EOF ]
correct_ports = True
count = 0
while True:
index = p.expect( opts )
if index == 0:
count += 1
elif index == 1:
correct_ports = False
elif index == 2:
self.assertNotEqual( 0, count )
break
self.assertTrue( correct_ports )
def testNumbering( self ):
"""verify that all of the port numbers are printed correctly and consistent with their interface"""
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.numberedports' )
opts = [ 's1-eth(\d+) : (\d+)',
pexpect.EOF ]
count_intfs = 0
while True:
index = p.expect( opts )
if index == 0:
count_intfs += 1
intfport = p.match.group( 1 )
ofport = p.match.group( 2 )
self.assertEqual( intfport, ofport )
elif index == 1:
break
self.assertNotEqual( 0, count_intfs )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for popen.py and popenpoll.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
class testPopen( unittest.TestCase ):
def pingTest( self, name ):
"Verify that there are no dropped packets for each host"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m %s' % name )
opts = [ "<(h\d+)>: PING ",
"<(h\d+)>: (\d+) packets transmitted, (\d+) received",
pexpect.EOF ]
pings = {}
while True:
index = p.expect( opts )
if index == 0:
name = p.match.group(1)
pings[ name ] = 0
elif index == 1:
name = p.match.group(1)
transmitted = p.match.group(2)
received = p.match.group(3)
# verify no dropped packets
self.assertEqual( received, transmitted )
pings[ name ] += 1
else:
break
self.assertTrue( len(pings) > 0 )
# verify that each host has gotten results
for count in pings.values():
self.assertEqual( count, 1 )
def testPopen( self ):
self.pingTest( 'mininet.examples.popen' )
def testPopenPoll( self ):
self.pingTest( 'mininet.examples.popenpoll' )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
-27
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@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for scratchnet.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
class testScratchNet( unittest.TestCase ):
opts = [ "1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss", pexpect.EOF ]
def pingTest( self, name ):
"Verify that no ping packets were dropped"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m %s' % name )
index = p.expect( self.opts, timeout=120 )
self.assertEqual( index, 0 )
def testPingKernel( self ):
self.pingTest( 'mininet.examples.scratchnet' )
def testPingUser( self ):
self.pingTest( 'mininet.examples.scratchnetuser' )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
-34
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@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for simpleperf.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
import sys
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from mininet.examples.simpleperf import SingleSwitchTopo
class testSimplePerf( unittest.TestCase ):
@unittest.skipIf( '-quick' in sys.argv, 'long test' )
def testE2E( self ):
"Run the example and verify iperf results"
# 10 Mb/s, plus or minus 20% tolerance
BW = 10
TOLERANCE = .2
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.simpleperf testmode' )
# check iperf results
p.expect( "Results: \['10M', '([\d\.]+) .bits/sec", timeout=480 )
measuredBw = float( p.match.group( 1 ) )
lowerBound = BW * ( 1 - TOLERANCE )
upperBound = BW + ( 1 + TOLERANCE )
self.assertGreaterEqual( measuredBw, lowerBound )
self.assertLessEqual( measuredBw, upperBound )
p.wait()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'warning' )
unittest.main()
-60
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@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for sshd.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
from mininet.clean import sh
class testSSHD( unittest.TestCase ):
opts = [ '\(yes/no\)\?', 'refused', 'Welcome|\$|#', pexpect.EOF, pexpect.TIMEOUT ]
def connected( self, ip ):
"Log into ssh server, check banner, then exit"
# Note: this test will fail if "Welcome" is not in the sshd banner
# and '#'' or '$'' are not in the prompt
p = pexpect.spawn( 'ssh -i /tmp/ssh/test_rsa %s' % ip, timeout=10 )
while True:
index = p.expect( self.opts )
if index == 0:
print( p.match.group(0) )
p.sendline( 'yes' )
elif index == 1:
return False
elif index == 2:
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
return True
else:
return False
def setUp( self ):
# create public key pair for testing
sh( 'rm -rf /tmp/ssh' )
sh( 'mkdir /tmp/ssh' )
sh( "ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f /tmp/ssh/test_rsa" )
sh( 'cat /tmp/ssh/test_rsa.pub >> /tmp/ssh/authorized_keys' )
cmd = ( 'python -m mininet.examples.sshd -D '
'-o AuthorizedKeysFile=/tmp/ssh/authorized_keys '
'-o StrictModes=no -o UseDNS=no -u0' )
# run example with custom sshd args
self.net = pexpect.spawn( cmd )
self.net.expect( 'mininet>' )
def testSSH( self ):
"Verify that we can ssh into all hosts (h1 to h4)"
for h in range( 1, 5 ):
self.assertTrue( self.connected( '10.0.0.%d' % h ) )
def tearDown( self ):
self.net.sendline( 'exit' )
self.net.wait()
# remove public key pair
sh( 'rm -rf /tmp/ssh' )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for tree1024.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
import sys
class testTree1024( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
@unittest.skipIf( '-quick' in sys.argv, 'long test' )
def testTree1024( self ):
"Run the example and do a simple ping test from h1 to h1024"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.tree1024' )
p.expect( self.prompt, timeout=6000 ) # it takes awhile to set up
p.sendline( 'h1 ping -c 20 h1024' )
p.expect ( '(\d+)% packet loss' )
packetLossPercent = int( p.match.group( 1 ) ) if p.match else -1
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
# Tolerate slow startup on some systems - we should revisit this
# and determine the root cause.
self.assertLess( packetLossPercent, 60 )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
-32
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@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for treeping64.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
import sys
class testTreePing64( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
@unittest.skipIf( '-quick' in sys.argv, 'long test' )
def testTreePing64( self ):
"Run the example and verify ping results"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.treeping64' )
p.expect( 'Tree network ping results:', timeout=6000 )
count = 0
while True:
index = p.expect( [ '(\d+)% packet loss', pexpect.EOF ] )
if index == 0:
percent = int( p.match.group( 1 ) ) if p.match else -1
self.assertEqual( percent, 0 )
count += 1
else:
break
self.assertTrue( count > 0 )
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
-50
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@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Test for vlanhost.py
"""
import unittest
from mininet.util import pexpect
import sys
from mininet.util import quietRun
class testVLANHost( unittest.TestCase ):
prompt = 'mininet>'
@unittest.skipIf( '-quick' in sys.argv, 'long test' )
def testVLANTopo( self ):
"Test connectivity (or lack thereof) between hosts in VLANTopo"
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.vlanhost' )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'pingall 1' ) #ping timeout=1
p.expect( '(\d+)% dropped', timeout=30 ) # there should be 24 failed pings
percent = int( p.match.group( 1 ) ) if p.match else -1
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
self.assertEqual( percent, 80 )
def testSpecificVLAN( self ):
"Test connectivity between hosts on a specific VLAN"
vlan = 1001
p = pexpect.spawn( 'python -m mininet.examples.vlanhost %d' % vlan )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'h1 ping -c 1 h2' )
p.expect ( '(\d+)% packet loss' )
percent = int( p.match.group( 1 ) ) if p.match else -1
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'h1 ifconfig' )
i = p.expect( ['h1-eth0.%d' % vlan, pexpect.TIMEOUT ], timeout=2 )
p.expect( self.prompt )
p.sendline( 'exit' )
p.wait()
self.assertEqual( percent, 0 ) # no packet loss on ping
self.assertEqual( i, 0 ) # check vlan intf is present
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
+2 -2
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@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ and running sysctl -p. Check util/sysctl_addon.
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from mininet.node import OVSSwitch
from mininet.node import OVSKernelSwitch
from mininet.topolib import TreeNet
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
network = TreeNet( depth=2, fanout=32, switch=OVSSwitch )
network = TreeNet( depth=2, fanout=32, switch=OVSKernelSwitch )
network.run( CLI, network )
+8 -8
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@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
"Create a 64-node tree network, and test connectivity using ping."
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
from mininet.node import UserSwitch, OVSKernelSwitch # , KernelSwitch
from mininet.topolib import TreeNet
@@ -12,20 +11,21 @@ def treePing64():
results = {}
switches = { # 'reference kernel': KernelSwitch,
'reference user': UserSwitch,
'Open vSwitch kernel': OVSKernelSwitch }
'reference user': UserSwitch,
'Open vSwitch kernel': OVSKernelSwitch }
for name in switches:
info( "*** Testing", name, "datapath\n" )
print "*** Testing", name, "datapath"
switch = switches[ name ]
network = TreeNet( depth=2, fanout=8, switch=switch )
result = network.run( network.pingAll )
results[ name ] = result
info( "\n*** Tree network ping results:\n" )
print
print "*** Tree network ping results:"
for name in switches:
info( "%s: %d%% packet loss\n" % ( name, results[ name ] ) )
info( '\n' )
print "%s: %d%% packet loss" % ( name, results[ name ] )
print
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
-124
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@@ -1,124 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
vlanhost.py: Host subclass that uses a VLAN tag for the default interface.
Dependencies:
This class depends on the "vlan" package
$ sudo apt-get install vlan
Usage (example uses VLAN ID=1000):
From the command line:
sudo mn --custom vlanhost.py --host vlan,vlan=1000
From a script (see exampleUsage function below):
from functools import partial
from vlanhost import VLANHost
....
host = partial( VLANHost, vlan=1000 )
net = Mininet( host=host, ... )
Directly running this script:
sudo python vlanhost.py 1000
"""
from mininet.node import Host
from mininet.topo import Topo
from mininet.util import quietRun
from mininet.log import error
class VLANHost( Host ):
"Host connected to VLAN interface"
def config( self, vlan=100, **params ):
"""Configure VLANHost according to (optional) parameters:
vlan: VLAN ID for default interface"""
r = super( VLANHost, self ).config( **params )
intf = self.defaultIntf()
# remove IP from default, "physical" interface
self.cmd( 'ifconfig %s inet 0' % intf )
# create VLAN interface
self.cmd( 'vconfig add %s %d' % ( intf, vlan ) )
# assign the host's IP to the VLAN interface
self.cmd( 'ifconfig %s.%d inet %s' % ( intf, vlan, params['ip'] ) )
# update the intf name and host's intf map
newName = '%s.%d' % ( intf, vlan )
# update the (Mininet) interface to refer to VLAN interface name
intf.name = newName
# add VLAN interface to host's name to intf map
self.nameToIntf[ newName ] = intf
return r
hosts = { 'vlan': VLANHost }
def exampleAllHosts( vlan ):
"""Simple example of how VLANHost can be used in a script"""
# This is where the magic happens...
host = partial( VLANHost, vlan=vlan )
# vlan (type: int): VLAN ID to be used by all hosts
# Start a basic network using our VLANHost
topo = SingleSwitchTopo( k=2 )
net = Mininet( host=host, topo=topo )
net.start()
CLI( net )
net.stop()
# pylint: disable=arguments-differ
class VLANStarTopo( Topo ):
"""Example topology that uses host in multiple VLANs
The topology has a single switch. There are k VLANs with
n hosts in each, all connected to the single switch. There
are also n hosts that are not in any VLAN, also connected to
the switch."""
def build( self, k=2, n=2, vlanBase=100 ):
s1 = self.addSwitch( 's1' )
for i in range( k ):
vlan = vlanBase + i
for j in range(n):
name = 'h%d-%d' % ( j+1, vlan )
h = self.addHost( name, cls=VLANHost, vlan=vlan )
self.addLink( h, s1 )
for j in range( n ):
h = self.addHost( 'h%d' % (j+1) )
self.addLink( h, s1 )
def exampleCustomTags():
"""Simple example that exercises VLANStarTopo"""
net = Mininet( topo=VLANStarTopo() )
net.start()
CLI( net )
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
from functools import partial
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.topo import SingleSwitchTopo
from mininet.log import setLogLevel
setLogLevel( 'info' )
if not quietRun( 'which vconfig' ):
error( "Cannot find command 'vconfig'\nThe package",
"'vlan' is required in Ubuntu or Debian,",
"or 'vconfig' in Fedora\n" )
exit()
if len( sys.argv ) >= 2:
exampleAllHosts( vlan=int( sys.argv[ 1 ] ) )
else:
exampleCustomTags()
+32 -99
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@@ -10,118 +10,51 @@ It may also get rid of 'false positives', but hopefully
nothing irreplaceable!
"""
from subprocess import ( Popen, PIPE, check_output as co,
CalledProcessError )
import time
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
from mininet.log import info
from mininet.term import cleanUpScreens
from mininet.util import decode
def sh( cmd ):
"Print a command and send it to the shell"
info( cmd + '\n' )
result = Popen( [ '/bin/sh', '-c', cmd ], stdout=PIPE ).communicate()[ 0 ]
return decode( result )
return Popen( [ '/bin/sh', '-c', cmd ], stdout=PIPE ).communicate()[ 0 ]
def killprocs( pattern ):
"Reliably terminate processes matching a pattern (including args)"
sh( 'pkill -9 -f %s' % pattern )
# Make sure they are gone
while True:
try:
pids = co( [ 'pgrep', '-f', pattern ] )
except CalledProcessError:
pids = ''
if pids:
sh( 'pkill -9 -f %s' % pattern )
time.sleep( .5 )
else:
break
def cleanup():
"""Clean up junk which might be left over from old runs;
do fast stuff before slow dp and link removal!"""
class Cleanup( object ):
"Wrapper for cleanup()"
info("*** Removing excess controllers/ofprotocols/ofdatapaths/pings/noxes"
"\n")
zombies = 'controller ofprotocol ofdatapath ping nox_core lt-nox_core '
zombies += 'ovs-openflowd udpbwtest'
# Note: real zombie processes can't actually be killed, since they
# are already (un)dead. Then again,
# you can't connect to them either, so they're mostly harmless.
sh( 'killall -9 ' + zombies + ' 2> /dev/null' )
callbacks = []
info( "*** Removing junk from /tmp\n" )
sh( 'rm -f /tmp/vconn* /tmp/vlogs* /tmp/*.out /tmp/*.log' )
@classmethod
def cleanup( cls):
"""Clean up junk which might be left over from old runs;
do fast stuff before slow dp and link removal!"""
info( "*** Removing old screen sessions\n" )
cleanUpScreens()
info( "*** Removing excess controllers/ofprotocols/ofdatapaths/"
"pings/noxes\n" )
zombies = ( 'controller ofprotocol ofdatapath ping nox_core'
'lt-nox_core ovs-openflowd ovs-controller'
'ovs-testcontroller udpbwtest mnexec ivs ryu-manager' )
# Note: real zombie processes can't actually be killed, since they
# are already (un)dead. Then again,
# you can't connect to them either, so they're mostly harmless.
# Send SIGTERM first to give processes a chance to shutdown cleanly.
sh( 'killall ' + zombies + ' 2> /dev/null' )
time.sleep( 1 )
sh( 'killall -9 ' + zombies + ' 2> /dev/null' )
info( "*** Removing excess kernel datapaths\n" )
dps = sh( "ps ax | egrep -o 'dp[0-9]+' | sed 's/dp/nl:/'" ).split( '\n' )
for dp in dps:
if dp != '':
sh( 'dpctl deldp ' + dp )
# And kill off sudo mnexec
sh( 'pkill -9 -f "sudo mnexec"')
info( "*** Removing junk from /tmp\n" )
sh( 'rm -f /tmp/vconn* /tmp/vlogs* /tmp/*.out /tmp/*.log' )
info( "*** Removing old X11 tunnels\n" )
cleanUpScreens()
info( "*** Removing excess kernel datapaths\n" )
dps = sh( "ps ax | egrep -o 'dp[0-9]+' | sed 's/dp/nl:/'"
).splitlines()
for dp in dps:
if dp:
sh( 'dpctl deldp ' + dp )
info( "*** Removing OVS datapaths\n" )
dps = sh("ovs-vsctl --timeout=1 list-br").strip().splitlines()
if dps:
sh( "ovs-vsctl " + " -- ".join( "--if-exists del-br " + dp
for dp in dps if dp ) )
# And in case the above didn't work...
dps = sh( "ovs-vsctl --timeout=1 list-br" ).strip().splitlines()
for dp in dps:
info( "*** Removing OVS datapaths" )
dps = sh("ovs-vsctl list-br").split( '\n' )
for dp in dps:
if dp:
sh( 'ovs-vsctl del-br ' + dp )
info( "*** Removing all links of the pattern foo-ethX\n" )
links = sh( "ip link show | "
"egrep -o '([-_.[:alnum:]]+-eth[[:digit:]]+)'"
).splitlines()
# Delete blocks of links
n = 1000 # chunk size
for i in range( 0, len( links ), n ):
cmd = ';'.join( 'ip link del %s' % link
for link in links[ i : i + n ] )
sh( '( %s ) 2> /dev/null' % cmd )
info( "*** Removing all links of the pattern foo-ethX\n" )
links = sh( "ip link show | egrep -o '(\w+-eth\w+)'" ).split( '\n' )
for link in links:
if link != '':
sh( "ip link del " + link )
if 'tap9' in sh( 'ip link show' ):
info( "*** Removing tap9 - assuming it's from cluster edition\n" )
sh( 'ip link del tap9' )
info( "*** Killing stale mininet node processes\n" )
killprocs( 'mininet:' )
info( "*** Shutting down stale tunnels\n" )
killprocs( 'Tunnel=Ethernet' )
killprocs( '.ssh/mn')
sh( 'rm -f ~/.ssh/mn/*' )
# Call any additional cleanup code if necessary
for callback in cls.callbacks:
callback()
info( "*** Cleanup complete.\n" )
@classmethod
def addCleanupCallback( cls, callback ):
"Add cleanup callback"
if callback not in cls.callbacks:
cls.callbacks.append( callback )
cleanup = Cleanup.cleanup
addCleanupCallback = Cleanup.addCleanupCallback
info( "*** Cleanup complete.\n" )
+63 -182
View File
@@ -31,13 +31,10 @@ from os import isatty
from select import poll, POLLIN
import sys
import time
import os
import atexit
from mininet.log import info, output, error
from mininet.term import makeTerms, runX11
from mininet.util import ( quietRun, dumpNodeConnections,
dumpPorts )
from mininet.term import makeTerms
from mininet.util import quietRun, isShellBuiltin, dumpNodeConnections
class CLI( Cmd ):
"Simple command-line interface to talk to nodes."
@@ -45,13 +42,14 @@ class CLI( Cmd ):
prompt = 'mininet> '
def __init__( self, mininet, stdin=sys.stdin, script=None ):
"""Start and run interactive or batch mode CLI
mininet: Mininet network object
stdin: standard input for CLI
script: script to run in batch mode"""
self.mn = mininet
self.nodelist = self.mn.controllers + self.mn.switches + self.mn.hosts
self.nodemap = {} # map names to Node objects
for node in self.nodelist:
self.nodemap[ node.name ] = node
# Local variable bindings for py command
self.locals = { 'net': mininet }
self.locals.update( self.nodemap )
# Attempt to handle input
self.stdin = stdin
self.inPoller = poll()
@@ -59,66 +57,31 @@ class CLI( Cmd ):
self.inputFile = script
Cmd.__init__( self )
info( '*** Starting CLI:\n' )
if self.inputFile:
self.do_source( self.inputFile )
return
self.initReadline()
self.run()
readlineInited = False
@classmethod
def initReadline( cls ):
"Set up history if readline is available"
# Only set up readline once to prevent multiplying the history file
if cls.readlineInited:
return
cls.readlineInited = True
try:
from readline import ( read_history_file, write_history_file,
set_history_length )
except ImportError:
pass
else:
history_path = os.path.expanduser( '~/.mininet_history' )
if os.path.isfile( history_path ):
read_history_file( history_path )
set_history_length( 1000 )
atexit.register( lambda: write_history_file( history_path ) )
def run( self ):
"Run our cmdloop(), catching KeyboardInterrupt"
while True:
try:
# Make sure no nodes are still waiting
for node in self.mn.values():
for node in self.nodelist:
while node.waiting:
info( 'stopping', node, '\n' )
node.sendInt()
node.waitOutput()
node.monitor()
if self.isatty():
quietRun( 'stty echo sane intr ^C' )
quietRun( 'stty sane' )
self.cmdloop()
break
except KeyboardInterrupt:
# Output a message - unless it's also interrupted
# pylint: disable=broad-except
try:
output( '\nInterrupt\n' )
except Exception:
pass
# pylint: enable=broad-except
output( '\nInterrupt\n' )
def emptyline( self ):
"Don't repeat last command when you hit return."
pass
def getLocals( self ):
"Local variable bindings for py command"
self.locals.update( self.mn )
return self.locals
# Disable pylint "Unused argument: 'arg's'" messages, as well as
# "method could be a function" warning, since each CLI function
# must have the same interface
# pylint: disable-msg=R0201
helpStr = (
'You may also send a command to a node using:\n'
@@ -147,72 +110,46 @@ class CLI( Cmd ):
def do_nodes( self, _line ):
"List all nodes."
nodes = ' '.join( sorted( self.mn ) )
nodes = ' '.join( [ node.name for node in sorted( self.nodelist ) ] )
output( 'available nodes are: \n%s\n' % nodes )
def do_ports( self, _line ):
"display ports and interfaces for each switch"
dumpPorts( self.mn.switches )
def do_net( self, _line ):
"List network connections."
dumpNodeConnections( self.mn.values() )
dumpNodeConnections( self.nodelist )
def do_sh( self, line ):
"""Run an external shell command
Usage: sh [cmd args]"""
assert self # satisfy pylint and allow override
"Run an external shell command"
call( line, shell=True )
# do_py() and do_px() need to catch any exception during eval()/exec()
# pylint: disable=broad-except
# do_py() needs to catch any exception during eval()
# pylint: disable-msg=W0703
def do_py( self, line ):
"""Evaluate a Python expression.
Node names may be used, e.g.: py h1.cmd('ls')"""
Node names may be used, e.g.: h1.cmd('ls')"""
try:
result = eval( line, globals(), self.getLocals() )
result = eval( line, globals(), self.locals )
if not result:
return
elif isinstance( result, str ):
output( result + '\n' )
else:
output( repr( result ) + '\n' )
except Exception as e:
except Exception, e:
output( str( e ) + '\n' )
# We are in fact using the exec() pseudo-function
# pylint: disable=exec-used
# pylint: enable-msg=W0703
def do_px( self, line ):
"""Execute a Python statement.
Node names may be used, e.g.: px print h1.cmd('ls')"""
try:
exec( line, globals(), self.getLocals() )
except Exception as e:
output( str( e ) + '\n' )
# pylint: enable=broad-except,exec-used
def do_pingall( self, line ):
def do_pingall( self, _line ):
"Ping between all hosts."
self.mn.pingAll( line )
self.mn.pingAll()
def do_pingpair( self, _line ):
"Ping between first two hosts, useful for testing."
self.mn.pingPair()
def do_pingallfull( self, _line ):
"Ping between all hosts, returns all ping results."
self.mn.pingAllFull()
def do_pingpairfull( self, _line ):
"Ping between first two hosts, returns all ping results."
self.mn.pingPairFull()
def do_iperf( self, line ):
"""Simple iperf TCP test between two (optionally specified) hosts.
Usage: iperf node1 node2"""
"Simple iperf TCP test between two (optionally specified) hosts."
args = line.split()
if not args:
self.mn.iperf()
@@ -220,19 +157,18 @@ class CLI( Cmd ):
hosts = []
err = False
for arg in args:
if arg not in self.mn:
if arg not in self.nodemap:
err = True
error( "node '%s' not in network\n" % arg )
else:
hosts.append( self.mn[ arg ] )
hosts.append( self.nodemap[ arg ] )
if not err:
self.mn.iperf( hosts )
else:
error( 'invalid number of args: iperf src dst\n' )
def do_iperfudp( self, line ):
"""Simple iperf UDP test between two (optionally specified) hosts.
Usage: iperfudp bw node1 node2"""
"Simple iperf TCP test between two (optionally specified) hosts."
args = line.split()
if not args:
self.mn.iperf( l4Type='UDP' )
@@ -241,11 +177,11 @@ class CLI( Cmd ):
hosts = []
err = False
for arg in args[ 1:3 ]:
if arg not in self.mn:
if arg not in self.nodemap:
err = True
error( "node '%s' not in network\n" % arg )
else:
hosts.append( self.mn[ arg ] )
hosts.append( self.nodemap[ arg ] )
if not err:
self.mn.iperf( hosts, l4Type='UDP', udpBw=udpBw )
else:
@@ -254,18 +190,17 @@ class CLI( Cmd ):
def do_intfs( self, _line ):
"List interfaces."
for node in self.mn.values():
for node in self.nodelist:
output( '%s: %s\n' %
( node.name, ','.join( node.intfNames() ) ) )
( node.name, ','.join( node.intfNames() ) ) )
def do_dump( self, _line ):
"Dump node info."
for node in self.mn.values():
for node in self.nodelist:
output( '%s\n' % repr( node ) )
def do_link( self, line ):
"""Bring link(s) between two nodes up or down.
Usage: link node1 node2 [up/down]"""
"Bring link(s) between two nodes up or down."
args = line.split()
if len(args) != 3:
error( 'invalid number of args: link end1 end2 [up down]\n' )
@@ -275,39 +210,24 @@ class CLI( Cmd ):
self.mn.configLinkStatus( *args )
def do_xterm( self, line, term='xterm' ):
"""Spawn xterm(s) for the given node(s).
Usage: xterm node1 node2 ..."""
"Spawn xterm(s) for the given node(s)."
args = line.split()
if not args:
error( 'usage: %s node1 node2 ...\n' % term )
else:
for arg in args:
if arg not in self.mn:
if arg not in self.nodemap:
error( "node '%s' not in network\n" % arg )
else:
node = self.mn[ arg ]
node = self.nodemap[ arg ]
self.mn.terms += makeTerms( [ node ], term = term )
def do_x( self, line ):
"""Create an X11 tunnel to the given node,
optionally starting a client.
Usage: x node [cmd args]"""
args = line.split()
if not args:
error( 'usage: x node [cmd args]...\n' )
else:
node = self.mn[ args[ 0 ] ]
cmd = args[ 1: ]
self.mn.terms += runX11( node, cmd )
def do_gterm( self, line ):
"""Spawn gnome-terminal(s) for the given node(s).
Usage: gterm node1 node2 ..."""
"Spawn gnome-terminal(s) for the given node(s)."
self.do_xterm( line, term='gterm' )
def do_exit( self, _line ):
"Exit"
assert self # satisfy pylint and allow override
return 'exited by user command'
def do_quit( self, line ):
@@ -324,8 +244,7 @@ class CLI( Cmd ):
return isatty( self.stdin.fileno() )
def do_noecho( self, line ):
"""Run an interactive command with echoing turned off.
Usage: noecho [cmd args]"""
"Run an interactive command with echoing turned off."
if self.isatty():
quietRun( 'stty -echo' )
self.default( line )
@@ -333,8 +252,7 @@ class CLI( Cmd ):
quietRun( 'stty echo' )
def do_source( self, line ):
"""Read commands from an input file.
Usage: source <file>"""
"Read commands from an input file."
args = line.split()
if len(args) != 1:
error( 'usage: source <file>\n' )
@@ -349,12 +267,10 @@ class CLI( Cmd ):
break
except IOError:
error( 'error reading file %s\n' % args[ 0 ] )
self.inputFile.close()
self.inputFile = None
def do_dpctl( self, line ):
"""Run dpctl (or ovs-ofctl) command on all switches.
Usage: dpctl command [arg1] [arg2] ..."""
"Run dpctl command on all switches."
args = line.split()
if len(args) < 1:
error( 'usage: dpctl command [arg1] [arg2] ...\n' )
@@ -370,62 +286,37 @@ class CLI( Cmd ):
elapsed = time.time() - start
self.stdout.write("*** Elapsed time: %0.6f secs\n" % elapsed)
def do_links( self, _line ):
"Report on links"
for link in self.mn.links:
output( link, link.status(), '\n' )
def do_switch( self, line ):
"Starts or stops a switch"
args = line.split()
if len(args) != 2:
error( 'invalid number of args: switch <switch name>'
'{start, stop}\n' )
return
sw = args[ 0 ]
command = args[ 1 ]
if sw not in self.mn or self.mn.get( sw ) not in self.mn.switches:
error( 'invalid switch: %s\n' % args[ 1 ] )
else:
sw = args[ 0 ]
command = args[ 1 ]
if command == 'start':
self.mn.get( sw ).start( self.mn.controllers )
elif command == 'stop':
self.mn.get( sw ).stop( deleteIntfs=False )
else:
error( 'invalid command: '
'switch <switch name> {start, stop}\n' )
def default( self, line ):
"""Called on an input line when the command prefix is not recognized.
Overridden to run shell commands when a node is the first
CLI argument. Past the first CLI argument, node names are
automatically replaced with corresponding IP addrs."""
Overridden to run shell commands when a node is the first CLI argument.
Past the first CLI argument, node names are automatically replaced with
corresponding IP addrs."""
first, args, line = self.parseline( line )
if not args:
return
if args and len(args) > 0 and args[ -1 ] == '\n':
args = args[ :-1 ]
rest = args.split( ' ' )
if first in self.mn:
if not args:
error( '*** Please enter a command for node: %s <cmd>\n'
% first )
return
node = self.mn[ first ]
rest = args.split( ' ' )
if first in self.nodemap:
node = self.nodemap[ first ]
# Substitute IP addresses for node names in command
# If updateIP() returns None, then use node name
rest = [ self.mn[ arg ].defaultIntf().updateIP() or arg
if arg in self.mn else arg
for arg in rest ]
rest = [ self.nodemap[ arg ].IP()
if arg in self.nodemap else arg
for arg in rest ]
rest = ' '.join( rest )
# Run cmd on node:
node.sendCmd( rest )
builtin = isShellBuiltin( first )
node.sendCmd( rest, printPid=( not builtin ) )
self.waitForNode( node )
else:
error( '*** Unknown command: %s\n' % line )
error( '*** Unknown command: %s\n' % first )
# pylint: enable-msg=R0201
def waitForNode( self, node ):
"Wait for a node to finish, and print its output."
"Wait for a node to finish, and print its output."
# Pollers
nodePoller = poll()
nodePoller.register( node.stdout )
@@ -443,7 +334,7 @@ class CLI( Cmd ):
if False and self.inputFile:
key = self.inputFile.read( 1 )
if key is not '':
node.write( key )
node.write(key)
else:
self.inputFile = None
if isReadable( self.inPoller ):
@@ -455,18 +346,8 @@ class CLI( Cmd ):
if not node.waiting:
break
except KeyboardInterrupt:
# There is an at least one race condition here, since
# it's possible to interrupt ourselves after we've
# read data but before it has been printed.
node.sendInt()
def precmd( self, line ):
"allow for comments in the cli"
if '#' in line:
line = line.split( '#' )[ 0 ]
return line
# Helper functions
def isReadable( poller ):
-1
View File
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
../examples
+90 -273
View File
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@ Link: basic link class for creating veth pairs
from mininet.log import info, error, debug
from mininet.util import makeIntfPair
from time import sleep
import re
class Intf( object ):
"Basic interface object that can configure itself."
def __init__( self, name, node=None, port=None, link=None,
mac=None, **params ):
def __init__( self, name, node=None, port=None, link=None, **params ):
"""name: interface name (e.g. h1-eth0)
node: owning node (where this intf most likely lives)
link: parent link if we're part of a link
@@ -41,21 +41,9 @@ class Intf( object ):
self.node = node
self.name = name
self.link = link
self.mac = mac
self.ip, self.prefixLen = None, None
# if interface is lo, we know the ip is 127.0.0.1.
# This saves an ifconfig command per node
if self.name == 'lo':
self.ip = '127.0.0.1'
self.prefixLen = 8
self.mac, self.ip, self.prefixLen = None, None, None
# Add to node (and move ourselves if necessary )
if node:
moveIntfFn = params.pop( 'moveIntfFn', None )
if moveIntfFn:
node.addIntf( self, port=port, moveIntfFn=moveIntfFn )
else:
node.addIntf( self, port=port )
node.addIntf( self, port=port )
# Save params for future reference
self.params = params
self.config( **params )
@@ -76,9 +64,6 @@ class Intf( object ):
self.ip, self.prefixLen = ipstr.split( '/' )
return self.ifconfig( ipstr, 'up' )
else:
if prefixLen is None:
raise Exception( 'No prefix length set for IP address %s'
% ( ipstr, ) )
self.ip, self.prefixLen = ipstr, prefixLen
return self.ifconfig( '%s/%s' % ( ipstr, prefixLen ) )
@@ -95,10 +80,7 @@ class Intf( object ):
def updateIP( self ):
"Return updated IP address based on ifconfig"
# use pexec instead of node.cmd so that we dont read
# backgrounded output from the cli.
ifconfig, _err, _exitCode = self.node.pexec(
'ifconfig %s' % self.name )
ifconfig = self.ifconfig()
ips = self._ipMatchRegex.findall( ifconfig )
self.ip = ips[ 0 ] if ips else None
return self.ip
@@ -110,19 +92,6 @@ class Intf( object ):
self.mac = macs[ 0 ] if macs else None
return self.mac
# Instead of updating ip and mac separately,
# use one ifconfig call to do it simultaneously.
# This saves an ifconfig command, which improves performance.
def updateAddr( self ):
"Return IP address and MAC address based on ifconfig."
ifconfig = self.ifconfig()
ips = self._ipMatchRegex.findall( ifconfig )
macs = self._macMatchRegex.findall( ifconfig )
self.ip = ips[ 0 ] if ips else None
self.mac = macs[ 0 ] if macs else None
return self.ip, self.mac
def IP( self ):
"Return IP address"
return self.ip
@@ -134,15 +103,8 @@ class Intf( object ):
def isUp( self, setUp=False ):
"Return whether interface is up"
if setUp:
cmdOutput = self.ifconfig( 'up' )
# no output indicates success
if cmdOutput:
error( "Error setting %s up: %s " % ( self.name, cmdOutput ) )
return False
else:
return True
else:
return "UP" in self.ifconfig()
self.ifconfig( 'up' )
return "UP" in self.ifconfig()
def rename( self, newname ):
"Rename interface"
@@ -164,13 +126,13 @@ class Intf( object ):
method: config method name
param: arg=value (ignore if value=None)
value may also be list or dict"""
name, value = list( param.items() )[ 0 ]
name, value = param.items()[ 0 ]
f = getattr( self, method, None )
if not f or value is None:
return
if isinstance( value, list ):
if type( value ) is list:
result = f( *value )
elif isinstance( value, dict ):
elif type( value ) is dict:
result = f( **value )
else:
result = f( value )
@@ -193,25 +155,15 @@ class Intf( object ):
self.setParam( r, 'setIP', ip=ip )
self.setParam( r, 'isUp', up=up )
self.setParam( r, 'ifconfig', ifconfig=ifconfig )
self.updateIP()
self.updateMAC()
return r
def delete( self ):
"Delete interface"
self.cmd( 'ip link del ' + self.name )
# We used to do this, but it slows us down:
# if self.node.inNamespace:
# Link may have been dumped into root NS
# quietRun( 'ip link del ' + self.name )
self.node.delIntf( self )
self.link = None
def status( self ):
"Return intf status as a string"
links, _err, _result = self.node.pexec( 'ip link show' )
if self.name in links:
return "OK"
else:
return "MISSING"
# Does it help to sleep to let things run?
sleep( 0.001 )
def __repr__( self ):
return '<%s %s>' % ( self.__class__.__name__, self.name )
@@ -225,19 +177,15 @@ class TCIntf( Intf ):
Allows specification of bandwidth limits (various methods)
as well as delay, loss and max queue length"""
# The parameters we use seem to work reasonably up to 1 Gb/sec
# For higher data rates, we will probably need to change them.
bwParamMax = 1000
def bwCmds( self, bw=None, speedup=0, use_hfsc=False, use_tbf=False,
latency_ms=None, enable_ecn=False, enable_red=False ):
enable_ecn=False, enable_red=False ):
"Return tc commands to set bandwidth"
cmds, parent = [], ' root '
if bw and ( bw < 0 or bw > self.bwParamMax ):
error( 'Bandwidth limit', bw, 'is outside supported range 0..%d'
% self.bwParamMax, '- ignoring\n' )
if bw and ( bw < 0 or bw > 1000 ):
error( 'Bandwidth', bw, 'is outside range 0..1000 Mbps\n' )
elif bw is not None:
# BL: this seems a bit brittle...
if ( speedup > 0 and
@@ -248,59 +196,58 @@ class TCIntf( Intf ):
# are specifying the correct sizes. For now I have used
# the same settings we had in the mininet-hifi code.
if use_hfsc:
cmds += [ '%s qdisc add dev %s root handle 5:0 hfsc default 1',
'%s class add dev %s parent 5:0 classid 5:1 hfsc sc '
cmds += [ '%s qdisc add dev %s root handle 1:0 hfsc default 1',
'%s class add dev %s parent 1:0 classid 1:1 hfsc sc '
+ 'rate %fMbit ul rate %fMbit' % ( bw, bw ) ]
elif use_tbf:
if latency_ms is None:
latency_ms = 15.0 * 8 / bw
cmds += [ '%s qdisc add dev %s root handle 5: tbf ' +
'rate %fMbit burst 15000 latency %fms' %
( bw, latency_ms ) ]
latency_us = 10 * 1500 * 8 / bw
cmds += ['%s qdisc add dev %s root handle 1: tbf ' +
'rate %fMbit burst 15000 latency %fus' %
( bw, latency_us ) ]
else:
cmds += [ '%s qdisc add dev %s root handle 5:0 htb default 1',
'%s class add dev %s parent 5:0 classid 5:1 htb ' +
'rate %fMbit burst 15k' % bw ]
parent = ' parent 5:1 '
cmds += [ '%s qdisc add dev %s root handle 1:0 htb default 1',
'%s class add dev %s parent 1:0 classid 1:1 htb ' +
'rate %fMbit burst 15k' % bw ]
parent = ' parent 1:1 '
# ECN or RED
if enable_ecn:
cmds += [ '%s qdisc add dev %s' + parent +
'handle 6: red limit 1000000 ' +
'min 30000 max 35000 avpkt 1500 ' +
'handle 10: red limit 1000000 ' +
'min 20000 max 25000 avpkt 1000 ' +
'burst 20 ' +
'bandwidth %fmbit probability 1 ecn' % bw ]
parent = ' parent 6: '
parent = ' parent 10: '
elif enable_red:
cmds += [ '%s qdisc add dev %s' + parent +
'handle 6: red limit 1000000 ' +
'min 30000 max 35000 avpkt 1500 ' +
'handle 10: red limit 1000000 ' +
'min 20000 max 25000 avpkt 1000 ' +
'burst 20 ' +
'bandwidth %fmbit probability 1' % bw ]
parent = ' parent 6: '
parent = ' parent 10: '
return cmds, parent
@staticmethod
def delayCmds( parent, delay=None, jitter=None,
loss=None, max_queue_size=None ):
def delayCmds( parent, delay=None, loss=None,
max_queue_size=None ):
"Internal method: return tc commands for delay and loss"
cmds = []
if loss and ( loss < 0 or loss > 100 ):
if delay and delay < 0:
error( 'Negative delay', delay, '\n' )
elif loss and ( loss < 0 or loss > 100 ):
error( 'Bad loss percentage', loss, '%%\n' )
else:
# Delay/jitter/loss/max queue size
netemargs = '%s%s%s%s' % (
# Delay/loss/max queue size
netemargs = '%s%s%s' % (
'delay %s ' % delay if delay is not None else '',
'%s ' % jitter if jitter is not None else '',
'loss %.5f ' % loss if loss is not None else '',
'loss %d ' % loss if loss is not None else '',
'limit %d' % max_queue_size if max_queue_size is not None
else '' )
else '' )
if netemargs:
cmds = [ '%s qdisc add dev %s ' + parent +
' handle 10: netem ' +
netemargs ]
parent = ' parent 10:1 '
return cmds, parent
netemargs ]
return cmds
def tc( self, cmd, tc='tc' ):
"Execute tc command for our interface"
@@ -308,41 +255,16 @@ class TCIntf( Intf ):
debug(" *** executing command: %s\n" % c)
return self.cmd( c )
def config( self, bw=None, delay=None, jitter=None, loss=None,
gro=False, txo=True, rxo=True,
speedup=0, use_hfsc=False, use_tbf=False,
latency_ms=None, enable_ecn=False, enable_red=False,
max_queue_size=None, **params ):
"""Configure the port and set its properties.
bw: bandwidth in b/s (e.g. '10m')
delay: transmit delay (e.g. '1ms' )
jitter: jitter (e.g. '1ms')
loss: loss (e.g. '1%' )
gro: enable GRO (False)
txo: enable transmit checksum offload (True)
rxo: enable receive checksum offload (True)
speedup: experimental switch-side bw option
use_hfsc: use HFSC scheduling
use_tbf: use TBF scheduling
latency_ms: TBF latency parameter
enable_ecn: enable ECN (False)
enable_red: enable RED (False)
max_queue_size: queue limit parameter for netem"""
# Support old names for parameters
gro = not params.pop( 'disable_gro', not gro )
def config( self, bw=None, delay=None, loss=None, disable_gro=True,
speedup=0, use_hfsc=False, use_tbf=False, enable_ecn=False,
enable_red=False, max_queue_size=None, **params ):
"Configure the port and set its properties."
result = Intf.config( self, **params)
def on( isOn ):
"Helper method: bool -> 'on'/'off'"
return 'on' if isOn else 'off'
# Set offload parameters with ethool
self.cmd( 'ethtool -K', self,
'gro', on( gro ),
'tx', on( txo ),
'rx', on( rxo ) )
# Disable GRO
if disable_gro:
self.cmd( 'ethtool -K %s gro off' % self )
# Optimization: return if nothing else to configure
# Question: what happens if we want to reset things?
@@ -351,46 +273,34 @@ class TCIntf( Intf ):
return
# Clear existing configuration
tcoutput = self.tc( '%s qdisc show dev %s' )
if "priomap" not in tcoutput and "noqueue" not in tcoutput:
cmds = [ '%s qdisc del dev %s root' ]
else:
cmds = []
cmds = [ '%s qdisc del dev %s root' ]
# Bandwidth limits via various methods
bwcmds, parent = self.bwCmds( bw=bw, speedup=speedup,
use_hfsc=use_hfsc, use_tbf=use_tbf,
latency_ms=latency_ms,
enable_ecn=enable_ecn,
enable_red=enable_red )
use_hfsc=use_hfsc, use_tbf=use_tbf,
enable_ecn=enable_ecn,
enable_red=enable_red )
cmds += bwcmds
# Delay/jitter/loss/max_queue_size using netem
delaycmds, parent = self.delayCmds( delay=delay, jitter=jitter,
loss=loss,
max_queue_size=max_queue_size,
parent=parent )
cmds += delaycmds
# Delay/loss/max_queue_size using netem
cmds += self.delayCmds( delay=delay, loss=loss,
max_queue_size=max_queue_size,
parent=parent )
# Ugly but functional: display configuration info
stuff = ( ( [ '%.2fMbit' % bw ] if bw is not None else [] ) +
( [ '%s delay' % delay ] if delay is not None else [] ) +
( [ '%s jitter' % jitter ] if jitter is not None else [] ) +
( ['%.5f%% loss' % loss ] if loss is not None else [] ) +
( [ 'ECN' ] if enable_ecn else [ 'RED' ]
( ['%d%% loss' % loss ] if loss is not None else [] ) +
( [ 'ECN' ] if enable_ecn else [ 'RED' ]
if enable_red else [] ) )
info( '(' + ' '.join( stuff ) + ') ' )
# Execute all the commands in our node
debug("at map stage w/cmds: %s\n" % cmds)
tcoutputs = [ self.tc(cmd) for cmd in cmds ]
for output in tcoutputs:
if output != '':
error( "*** Error: %s" % output )
debug( "cmds:", cmds, '\n' )
debug( "outputs:", tcoutputs, '\n' )
result[ 'tcoutputs'] = tcoutputs
result[ 'parent' ] = parent
return result
@@ -400,11 +310,10 @@ class Link( object ):
"""A basic link is just a veth pair.
Other types of links could be tunnels, link emulators, etc.."""
# pylint: disable=too-many-branches
def __init__( self, node1, node2, port1=None, port2=None,
intfName1=None, intfName2=None, addr1=None, addr2=None,
intfName1=None, intfName2=None,
intf=Intf, cls1=None, cls2=None, params1=None,
params2=None, fast=True ):
params2=None ):
"""Create veth link to another node, making two new interfaces.
node1: first node
node2: second node
@@ -417,157 +326,65 @@ class Link( object ):
params1: parameters for interface 1
params2: parameters for interface 2"""
# This is a bit awkward; it seems that having everything in
# params is more orthogonal, but being able to specify
# in-line arguments is more convenient! So we support both.
if params1 is None:
params1 = {}
if params2 is None:
params2 = {}
# Allow passing in params1=params2
if params2 is params1:
params2 = dict( params1 )
if port1 is not None:
params1[ 'port' ] = port1
if port2 is not None:
params2[ 'port' ] = port2
if 'port' not in params1:
params1[ 'port' ] = node1.newPort()
if 'port' not in params2:
params2[ 'port' ] = node2.newPort()
# params would be more orthogonal, but being able to specify
# in-line arguments is more convenient!
if port1 is None:
port1 = node1.newPort()
if port2 is None:
port2 = node2.newPort()
if not intfName1:
intfName1 = self.intfName( node1, params1[ 'port' ] )
intfName1 = self.intfName( node1, port1 )
if not intfName2:
intfName2 = self.intfName( node2, params2[ 'port' ] )
intfName2 = self.intfName( node2, port2 )
self.fast = fast
if fast:
params1.setdefault( 'moveIntfFn', self._ignore )
params2.setdefault( 'moveIntfFn', self._ignore )
self.makeIntfPair( intfName1, intfName2, addr1, addr2,
node1, node2, deleteIntfs=False )
else:
self.makeIntfPair( intfName1, intfName2, addr1, addr2 )
self.makeIntfPair( intfName1, intfName2 )
if not cls1:
cls1 = intf
if not cls2:
cls2 = intf
if not params1:
params1 = {}
if not params2:
params2 = {}
intf1 = cls1( name=intfName1, node=node1,
link=self, mac=addr1, **params1 )
intf2 = cls2( name=intfName2, node=node2,
link=self, mac=addr2, **params2 )
intf1 = cls1( name=intfName1, node=node1, port=port1,
link=self, **params1 )
intf2 = cls2( name=intfName2, node=node2, port=port2,
link=self, **params2 )
# All we are is dust in the wind, and our two interfaces
self.intf1, self.intf2 = intf1, intf2
# pylint: enable=too-many-branches
@staticmethod
def _ignore( *args, **kwargs ):
"Ignore any arguments"
pass
def intfName( self, node, n ):
@classmethod
def intfName( cls, node, n ):
"Construct a canonical interface name node-ethN for interface n."
# Leave this as an instance method for now
assert self
return node.name + '-eth' + repr( n )
@classmethod
def makeIntfPair( cls, intfname1, intfname2, addr1=None, addr2=None,
node1=None, node2=None, deleteIntfs=True ):
def makeIntfPair( cls, intf1, intf2 ):
"""Create pair of interfaces
intfname1: name for interface 1
intfname2: name for interface 2
addr1: MAC address for interface 1 (optional)
addr2: MAC address for interface 2 (optional)
node1: home node for interface 1 (optional)
node2: home node for interface 2 (optional)
(override this method [and possibly delete()]
intf1: name of interface 1
intf2: name of interface 2
(override this class method [and possibly delete()]
to change link type)"""
# Leave this as a class method for now
assert cls
return makeIntfPair( intfname1, intfname2, addr1, addr2, node1, node2,
deleteIntfs=deleteIntfs )
makeIntfPair( intf1, intf2 )
def delete( self ):
"Delete this link"
self.intf1.delete()
self.intf1 = None
self.intf2.delete()
self.intf2 = None
def stop( self ):
"Override to stop and clean up link as needed"
self.delete()
def status( self ):
"Return link status as a string"
return "(%s %s)" % ( self.intf1.status(), self.intf2.status() )
def __str__( self ):
return '%s<->%s' % ( self.intf1, self.intf2 )
class OVSIntf( Intf ):
"Patch interface on an OVSSwitch"
def ifconfig( self, *args ):
cmd = ' '.join( args )
if cmd == 'up':
# OVSIntf is always up
return
else:
raise Exception( 'OVSIntf cannot do ifconfig ' + cmd )
class OVSLink( Link ):
"""Link that makes patch links between OVSSwitches
Warning: in testing we have found that no more
than ~64 OVS patch links should be used in row."""
def __init__( self, node1, node2, **kwargs ):
"See Link.__init__() for options"
from mininet.node import OVSSwitch
self.isPatchLink = False
if ( isinstance( node1, OVSSwitch ) and
isinstance( node2, OVSSwitch ) ):
self.isPatchLink = True
kwargs.update( cls1=OVSIntf, cls2=OVSIntf )
Link.__init__( self, node1, node2, **kwargs )
def makeIntfPair( self, *args, **kwargs ):
"Usually delegated to OVSSwitch"
if self.isPatchLink:
return None, None
else:
return Link.makeIntfPair( *args, **kwargs )
class TCLink( Link ):
"Link with symmetric TC interfaces configured via opts"
def __init__( self, node1, node2, port1=None, port2=None,
intfName1=None, intfName2=None,
addr1=None, addr2=None, **params ):
intfName1=None, intfName2=None, **params ):
Link.__init__( self, node1, node2, port1=port1, port2=port2,
intfName1=intfName1, intfName2=intfName2,
cls1=TCIntf,
cls2=TCIntf,
addr1=addr1, addr2=addr2,
params1=params,
params2=params )
class TCULink( TCLink ):
"""TCLink with default settings optimized for UserSwitch
(txo=rxo=0/False). Unfortunately with recent Linux kernels,
enabling TX and RX checksum offload on veth pairs doesn't work
well with UserSwitch: either it gets terrible performance or
TCP packets with bad checksums are generated, forwarded, and
*dropped* due to having bad checksums! OVS and LinuxBridge seem
to cope with this somehow, but it is likely to be an issue with
many software Ethernet bridges."""
def __init__( self, *args, **kwargs ):
kwargs.update( txo=False, rxo=False )
TCLink.__init__( self, *args, **kwargs )
params2=params)
+25 -24
View File
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ import types
OUTPUT = 25
LEVELS = { 'debug': logging.DEBUG,
'info': logging.INFO,
'output': OUTPUT,
'warning': logging.WARNING,
'error': logging.ERROR,
'critical': logging.CRITICAL }
'info': logging.INFO,
'output': OUTPUT,
'warning': logging.WARNING,
'error': logging.ERROR,
'critical': logging.CRITICAL }
# change this to logging.INFO to get printouts when running unit tests
LOGLEVELDEFAULT = OUTPUT
@@ -57,19 +57,21 @@ class StreamHandlerNoNewline( logging.StreamHandler ):
class Singleton( type ):
"""Singleton pattern from Wikipedia
See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_Pattern
See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SingletonPattern#Python
Intended to be used as a __metaclass_ param, as shown for the class
below."""
below.
def __init__( cls, name, bases, dict_ ):
super( Singleton, cls ).__init__( name, bases, dict_ )
cls.instance = None
Changed cls first args to mcs to satisfy pylint."""
def __call__( cls, *args, **kw ):
if cls.instance is None:
cls.instance = super( Singleton, cls ).__call__( *args, **kw )
return cls.instance
def __init__( mcs, name, bases, dict_ ):
super( Singleton, mcs ).__init__( name, bases, dict_ )
mcs.instance = None
def __call__( mcs, *args, **kw ):
if mcs.instance is None:
mcs.instance = super( Singleton, mcs ).__call__( *args, **kw )
return mcs.instance
class MininetLogger( Logger, object ):
@@ -115,7 +117,7 @@ class MininetLogger( Logger, object ):
Convenience function to support lowercase names.
levelName: level name from LEVELS"""
level = LOGLEVELDEFAULT
if levelname is not None:
if levelname != None:
if levelname not in LEVELS:
raise Exception( 'unknown levelname seen in setLogLevel' )
else:
@@ -124,8 +126,8 @@ class MininetLogger( Logger, object ):
self.setLevel( level )
self.handlers[ 0 ].setLevel( level )
# pylint: disable=method-hidden
# "An attribute inherited from mininet.log hide this method" (sic)
# pylint: disable-msg=E0202
# "An attribute inherited from mininet.log hide this method"
# Not sure why this is occurring - this function definitely gets called.
# See /usr/lib/python2.5/logging/__init__.py; modified from warning()
@@ -142,7 +144,7 @@ class MininetLogger( Logger, object ):
if self.isEnabledFor( OUTPUT ):
self._log( OUTPUT, msg, args, kwargs )
# pylint: enable=method-hidden
# pylint: enable-msg=E0202
lg = MininetLogger()
@@ -160,7 +162,7 @@ def makeListCompatible( fn ):
"Generated function. Closure-ish."
if len( args ) == 1:
return fn( *args )
args = ' '.join( str( arg ) for arg in args )
args = ' '.join( [ str( arg ) for arg in args ] )
return fn( args )
# Fix newfn's name and docstring
@@ -168,10 +170,9 @@ def makeListCompatible( fn ):
setattr( newfn, '__doc__', fn.__doc__ )
return newfn
_loggers = lg.info, lg.output, lg.warn, lg.error, lg.debug
_loggers = tuple( makeListCompatible( logger )
for logger in _loggers )
lg.info, lg.output, lg.warn, lg.error, lg.debug = _loggers
info, output, warn, error, debug = _loggers
info, output, warn, error, debug = (
lg.info, lg.output, lg.warn, lg.error, lg.debug ) = [
makeListCompatible( f ) for f in
lg.info, lg.output, lg.warn, lg.error, lg.debug ]
setLogLevel = lg.setLogLevel
+8 -8
View File
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
"Module dependency utility functions for Mininet."
from mininet.util import quietRun, BaseString
from mininet.util import quietRun
from mininet.log import info, error, debug
from os import environ
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ def modprobe( mod ):
return quietRun( [ 'modprobe', mod ] )
OF_KMOD = 'ofdatapath'
OVS_KMOD = 'openvswitch_mod' # Renamed 'openvswitch' in OVS 1.7+/Linux 3.5+
OVS_KMOD = 'openvswitch_mod'
TUN = 'tun'
def moduleDeps( subtract=None, add=None ):
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ def moduleDeps( subtract=None, add=None ):
add: string or list of module names to add, if not already loaded"""
subtract = subtract if subtract is not None else []
add = add if add is not None else []
if isinstance( subtract, BaseString ):
if type( subtract ) is str:
subtract = [ subtract ]
if isinstance( add, BaseString ):
if type( add ) is str:
add = [ add ]
for mod in subtract:
if mod in lsmod():
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ def moduleDeps( subtract=None, add=None ):
modprobeOutput = modprobe( mod )
if modprobeOutput:
error( 'Error inserting ' + mod +
' - is it installed and available via modprobe?\n' +
'Error was: "%s"\n' % modprobeOutput )
' - is it installed and available via modprobe?\n' +
'Error was: "%s"\n' % modprobeOutput )
if mod not in lsmod():
error( 'Failed to insert ' + mod + ' - quitting.\n' )
exit( 1 )
@@ -63,6 +63,6 @@ def pathCheck( *args, **kwargs ):
for arg in args:
if not quietRun( 'which ' + arg ):
error( 'Cannot find required executable %s.\n' % arg +
'Please make sure that %s is installed ' % moduleName +
'and available in your $PATH:\n(%s)\n' % environ[ 'PATH' ] )
'Please make sure that %s is installed ' % moduleName +
'and available in your $PATH:\n(%s)\n' % environ[ 'PATH' ] )
exit( 1 )
+99 -457
View File
@@ -90,35 +90,25 @@ import os
import re
import select
import signal
import random
from time import sleep
from itertools import chain, groupby
from math import ceil
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.log import info, error, debug, output, warn
from mininet.node import ( Node, Host, OVSKernelSwitch, DefaultController,
Controller )
from mininet.nodelib import NAT
from mininet.log import info, error, debug, output
from mininet.node import Host, OVSKernelSwitch, Controller
from mininet.link import Link, Intf
from mininet.util import ( quietRun, fixLimits, numCores, ensureRoot,
macColonHex, ipStr, ipParse, netParse, ipAdd,
waitListening, BaseString )
from mininet.util import quietRun, fixLimits, numCores
from mininet.util import macColonHex, ipStr, ipParse, netParse, ipAdd
from mininet.term import cleanUpScreens, makeTerms
# Mininet version: should be consistent with README and LICENSE
VERSION = "2.3.0d4"
class Mininet( object ):
"Network emulation with hosts spawned in network namespaces."
def __init__( self, topo=None, switch=OVSKernelSwitch, host=Host,
controller=DefaultController, link=Link, intf=Intf,
build=True, xterms=False, cleanup=False, ipBase='10.0.0.0/8',
inNamespace=False,
autoSetMacs=False, autoStaticArp=False, autoPinCpus=False,
listenPort=None, waitConnected=False ):
controller=Controller, link=Link, intf=Intf,
build=True, xterms=False, cleanup=False, ipBase='10.0.0.0/8',
inNamespace=False,
autoSetMacs=False, autoStaticArp=False, autoPinCpus=False,
listenPort=None ):
"""Create Mininet object.
topo: Topo (topology) object or None
switch: default Switch class
@@ -144,9 +134,7 @@ class Mininet( object ):
self.intf = intf
self.ipBase = ipBase
self.ipBaseNum, self.prefixLen = netParse( self.ipBase )
hostIP = ( 0xffffffff >> self.prefixLen ) & self.ipBaseNum
# Start for address allocation
self.nextIP = hostIP if hostIP > 0 else 1
self.nextIP = 1 # start for address allocation
self.inNamespace = inNamespace
self.xterms = xterms
self.cleanup = cleanup
@@ -156,12 +144,10 @@ class Mininet( object ):
self.numCores = numCores()
self.nextCore = 0 # next core for pinning hosts to CPUs
self.listenPort = listenPort
self.waitConn = waitConnected
self.hosts = []
self.switches = []
self.controllers = []
self.links = []
self.nameToNode = {} # name to Node (Host/Switch) objects
@@ -173,36 +159,6 @@ class Mininet( object ):
if topo and build:
self.build()
def waitConnected( self, timeout=None, delay=.5 ):
"""wait for each switch to connect to a controller,
up to 5 seconds
timeout: time to wait, or None to wait indefinitely
delay: seconds to sleep per iteration
returns: True if all switches are connected"""
info( '*** Waiting for switches to connect\n' )
time = 0
remaining = list( self.switches )
while True:
for switch in tuple( remaining ):
if switch.connected():
info( '%s ' % switch )
remaining.remove( switch )
if not remaining:
info( '\n' )
return True
if timeout is not None and time > timeout:
break
sleep( delay )
time += delay
warn( 'Timed out after %d seconds\n' % time )
for switch in remaining:
if not switch.connected():
warn( 'Warning: %s is not connected to a controller\n'
% switch.name )
else:
remaining.remove( switch )
return not remaining
def addHost( self, name, cls=None, **params ):
"""Add host.
name: name of host to add
@@ -212,10 +168,9 @@ class Mininet( object ):
# Default IP and MAC addresses
defaults = { 'ip': ipAdd( self.nextIP,
ipBaseNum=self.ipBaseNum,
prefixLen=self.prefixLen ) +
'/%s' % self.prefixLen }
prefixLen=self.prefixLen ) }
if self.autoSetMacs:
defaults[ 'mac' ] = macColonHex( self.nextIP )
defaults[ 'mac'] = macColonHex( self.nextIP )
if self.autoPinCpus:
defaults[ 'cores' ] = self.nextCore
self.nextCore = ( self.nextCore + 1 ) % self.numCores
@@ -228,24 +183,6 @@ class Mininet( object ):
self.nameToNode[ name ] = h
return h
def delNode( self, node, nodes=None):
"""Delete node
node: node to delete
nodes: optional list to delete from (e.g. self.hosts)"""
if nodes is None:
nodes = ( self.hosts if node in self.hosts else
( self.switches if node in self.switches else
( self.controllers if node in self.controllers else
[] ) ) )
node.stop( deleteIntfs=True )
node.terminate()
nodes.remove( node )
del self.nameToNode[ node.name ]
def delHost( self, host ):
"Delete a host"
self.delNode( host, nodes=self.hosts )
def addSwitch( self, name, cls=None, **params ):
"""Add switch.
name: name of switch to add
@@ -264,63 +201,19 @@ class Mininet( object ):
self.nameToNode[ name ] = sw
return sw
def delSwitch( self, switch ):
"Delete a switch"
self.delNode( switch, nodes=self.switches )
def addController( self, name='c0', controller=None, **params ):
"""Add controller.
controller: Controller class"""
# Get controller class
if not controller:
controller = self.controller
# Construct new controller if one is not given
if isinstance( name, Controller ):
controller_new = name
# Pylint thinks controller is a str()
# pylint: disable=maybe-no-member
name = controller_new.name
# pylint: enable=maybe-no-member
else:
controller_new = controller( name, **params )
# Add new controller to net
controller_new = controller( name, **params )
if controller_new: # allow controller-less setups
self.controllers.append( controller_new )
self.nameToNode[ name ] = controller_new
return controller_new
def delController( self, controller ):
"""Delete a controller
Warning - does not reconfigure switches, so they
may still attempt to connect to it!"""
self.delNode( controller )
def addNAT( self, name='nat0', connect=True, inNamespace=False,
**params):
"""Add a NAT to the Mininet network
name: name of NAT node
connect: switch to connect to | True (s1) | None
inNamespace: create in a network namespace
params: other NAT node params, notably:
ip: used as default gateway address"""
nat = self.addHost( name, cls=NAT, inNamespace=inNamespace,
subnet=self.ipBase, **params )
# find first switch and create link
if connect:
if not isinstance( connect, Node ):
# Use first switch if not specified
connect = self.switches[ 0 ]
# Connect the nat to the switch
self.addLink( nat, connect )
# Set the default route on hosts
natIP = nat.params[ 'ip' ].split('/')[ 0 ]
for host in self.hosts:
if host.inNamespace:
host.setDefaultRoute( 'via %s' % natIP )
return nat
# BL: We now have four ways to look up nodes
# This may (should?) be cleaned up in the future.
# BL: is this better than just using nameToNode[] ?
# Should it have a better name?
def getNodeByName( self, *args ):
"Return node(s) with given name(s)"
if len( args ) == 1:
@@ -331,99 +224,21 @@ class Mininet( object ):
"Convenience alias for getNodeByName"
return self.getNodeByName( *args )
# Even more convenient syntax for node lookup and iteration
def __getitem__( self, key ):
"net[ name ] operator: Return node with given name"
return self.nameToNode[ key ]
def __delitem__( self, key ):
"del net[ name ] operator - delete node with given name"
self.delNode( self.nameToNode[ key ] )
def __iter__( self ):
"return iterator over node names"
for node in chain( self.hosts, self.switches, self.controllers ):
yield node.name
def __len__( self ):
"returns number of nodes in net"
return ( len( self.hosts ) + len( self.switches ) +
len( self.controllers ) )
def __contains__( self, item ):
"returns True if net contains named node"
return item in self.nameToNode
def keys( self ):
"return a list of all node names or net's keys"
return list( self )
def values( self ):
"return a list of all nodes or net's values"
return [ self[name] for name in self ]
def items( self ):
"return (key,value) tuple list for every node in net"
return zip( self.keys(), self.values() )
@staticmethod
def randMac():
"Return a random, non-multicast MAC address"
return macColonHex( random.randint(1, 2**48 - 1) & 0xfeffffffffff |
0x020000000000 )
def addLink( self, node1, node2, port1=None, port2=None,
cls=None, **params ):
""""Add a link from node1 to node2
node1: source node (or name)
node2: dest node (or name)
port1: source port (optional)
port2: dest port (optional)
cls: link class (optional)
params: additional link params (optional)
node1: source node
node2: dest node
port1: source port
port2: dest port
returns: link object"""
# Accept node objects or names
node1 = node1 if not isinstance( node1, BaseString ) else self[ node1 ]
node2 = node2 if not isinstance( node2, BaseString ) else self[ node2 ]
options = dict( params )
# Port is optional
if port1 is not None:
options.setdefault( 'port1', port1 )
if port2 is not None:
options.setdefault( 'port2', port2 )
if self.intf is not None:
options.setdefault( 'intf', self.intf )
# Set default MAC - this should probably be in Link
options.setdefault( 'addr1', self.randMac() )
options.setdefault( 'addr2', self.randMac() )
cls = self.link if cls is None else cls
link = cls( node1, node2, **options )
self.links.append( link )
return link
def delLink( self, link ):
"Remove a link from this network"
link.delete()
self.links.remove( link )
def linksBetween( self, node1, node2 ):
"Return Links between node1 and node2"
return [ link for link in self.links
if ( node1, node2 ) in (
( link.intf1.node, link.intf2.node ),
( link.intf2.node, link.intf1.node ) ) ]
def delLinkBetween( self, node1, node2, index=0, allLinks=False ):
"""Delete link(s) between node1 and node2
index: index of link to delete if multiple links (0)
allLinks: ignore index and delete all such links (False)
returns: deleted link(s)"""
links = self.linksBetween( node1, node2 )
if not allLinks:
links = [ links[ index ] ]
for link in links:
self.delLink( link )
return links
defaults = { 'port1': port1,
'port2': port2,
'intf': self.intf }
defaults.update( params )
if not cls:
cls = self.link
return cls( node1, node2, **defaults )
def configHosts( self ):
"Configure a set of hosts."
@@ -431,7 +246,7 @@ class Mininet( object ):
info( host.name + ' ' )
intf = host.defaultIntf()
if intf:
host.configDefault()
host.configDefault( defaultRoute=intf )
else:
# Don't configure nonexistent intf
host.configDefault( ip=None, mac=None )
@@ -441,6 +256,7 @@ class Mininet( object ):
# quietRun( 'renice +18 -p ' + repr( host.pid ) )
# This may not be the right place to do this, but
# it needs to be done somewhere.
host.cmd( 'ifconfig lo up' )
info( '\n' )
def buildFromTopo( self, topo=None ):
@@ -455,18 +271,10 @@ class Mininet( object ):
info( '*** Creating network\n' )
if not self.controllers and self.controller:
if not self.controllers:
# Add a default controller
info( '*** Adding controller\n' )
classes = self.controller
if not isinstance( classes, list ):
classes = [ classes ]
for i, cls in enumerate( classes ):
# Allow Controller objects because nobody understands partial()
if isinstance( cls, Controller ):
self.addController( cls )
else:
self.addController( 'c%d' % i, cls )
self.addController( 'c0' )
info( '*** Adding hosts:\n' )
for hostName in topo.hosts():
@@ -475,32 +283,29 @@ class Mininet( object ):
info( '\n*** Adding switches:\n' )
for switchName in topo.switches():
# A bit ugly: add batch parameter if appropriate
params = topo.nodeInfo( switchName)
cls = params.get( 'cls', self.switch )
if hasattr( cls, 'batchStartup' ):
params.setdefault( 'batch', True )
self.addSwitch( switchName, **params )
self.addSwitch( switchName, **topo.nodeInfo( switchName) )
info( switchName + ' ' )
info( '\n*** Adding links:\n' )
for srcName, dstName, params in topo.links(
sort=True, withInfo=True ):
self.addLink( **params )
info( '(%s, %s) ' % ( srcName, dstName ) )
for srcName, dstName in topo.links(sort=True):
src, dst = self.nameToNode[ srcName ], self.nameToNode[ dstName ]
params = topo.linkInfo( srcName, dstName )
srcPort, dstPort = topo.port( srcName, dstName )
self.addLink( src, dst, srcPort, dstPort, **params )
info( '(%s, %s) ' % ( src.name, dst.name ) )
info( '\n' )
def configureControlNetwork( self ):
"Control net config hook: override in subclass"
raise Exception( 'configureControlNetwork: '
'should be overriden in subclass', self )
'should be overriden in subclass', self )
def build( self ):
"Build mininet."
if self.topo:
self.buildFromTopo( self.topo )
if self.inNamespace:
if ( self.inNamespace ):
self.configureControlNetwork()
info( '*** Configuring hosts\n' )
self.configHosts()
@@ -512,9 +317,6 @@ class Mininet( object ):
def startTerms( self ):
"Start a terminal for each node."
if 'DISPLAY' not in os.environ:
error( "Error starting terms: Cannot connect to display\n" )
return
info( "*** Running terms on %s\n" % os.environ[ 'DISPLAY' ] )
cleanUpScreens()
self.terms += makeTerms( self.controllers, 'controller' )
@@ -540,59 +342,32 @@ class Mininet( object ):
self.build()
info( '*** Starting controller\n' )
for controller in self.controllers:
info( controller.name + ' ')
controller.start()
info( '\n' )
info( '*** Starting %s switches\n' % len( self.switches ) )
for switch in self.switches:
info( switch.name + ' ')
switch.start( self.controllers )
started = {}
for swclass, switches in groupby(
sorted( self.switches,
key=lambda s: str( type( s ) ) ), type ):
switches = tuple( switches )
if hasattr( swclass, 'batchStartup' ):
success = swclass.batchStartup( switches )
started.update( { s: s for s in success } )
info( '\n' )
if self.waitConn:
self.waitConnected()
def stop( self ):
"Stop the controller(s), switches and hosts"
info( '*** Stopping %i controllers\n' % len( self.controllers ) )
for controller in self.controllers:
info( controller.name + ' ' )
controller.stop()
info( '\n' )
if self.terms:
info( '*** Stopping %i terms\n' % len( self.terms ) )
self.stopXterms()
info( '*** Stopping %i links\n' % len( self.links ) )
for link in self.links:
info( '.' )
link.stop()
info( '\n' )
info( '*** Stopping %i switches\n' % len( self.switches ) )
stopped = {}
for swclass, switches in groupby(
sorted( self.switches,
key=lambda s: str( type( s ) ) ), type ):
switches = tuple( switches )
if hasattr( swclass, 'batchShutdown' ):
success = swclass.batchShutdown( switches )
stopped.update( { s: s for s in success } )
for switch in self.switches:
info( switch.name + ' ' )
if switch not in stopped:
switch.stop()
switch.terminate()
info( '\n' )
info( '*** Stopping %i hosts\n' % len( self.hosts ) )
for host in self.hosts:
info( host.name + ' ' )
host.terminate()
info( '\n' )
info( '*** Stopping %i switches\n' % len( self.switches ) )
for switch in self.switches:
info( switch.name + ' ' )
switch.stop()
info( '\n' )
info( '*** Stopping %i controllers\n' % len( self.controllers ) )
for controller in self.controllers:
info( controller.name + ' ' )
controller.stop()
info( '\n*** Done\n' )
def run( self, test, *args, **kwargs ):
@@ -612,13 +387,13 @@ class Mininet( object ):
if hosts is None:
hosts = self.hosts
poller = select.poll()
h1 = hosts[ 0 ] # so we can call class method fdToNode
Node = hosts[ 0 ] # so we can call class method fdToNode
for host in hosts:
poller.register( host.stdout )
while True:
ready = poller.poll( timeoutms )
for fd, event in ready:
host = h1.fdToNode( fd )
host = Node.fdToNode( fd )
if event & select.POLLIN:
line = host.readline()
if line is not None:
@@ -635,20 +410,19 @@ class Mininet( object ):
"Parse ping output and return packets sent, received."
# Check for downed link
if 'connect: Network is unreachable' in pingOutput:
return 1, 0
r = r'(\d+) packets transmitted, (\d+)( packets)? received'
return (1, 0)
r = r'(\d+) packets transmitted, (\d+) received'
m = re.search( r, pingOutput )
if m is None:
if m == None:
error( '*** Error: could not parse ping output: %s\n' %
pingOutput )
return 1, 0
pingOutput )
return (1, 0)
sent, received = int( m.group( 1 ) ), int( m.group( 2 ) )
return sent, received
def ping( self, hosts=None, timeout=None ):
def ping( self, hosts=None ):
"""Ping between all specified hosts.
hosts: list of hosts
timeout: time to wait for a response, as string
returns: ploss packet loss percentage"""
# should we check if running?
packets = 0
@@ -661,15 +435,8 @@ class Mininet( object ):
output( '%s -> ' % node.name )
for dest in hosts:
if node != dest:
opts = ''
if timeout:
opts = '-W %s' % timeout
if dest.intfs:
result = node.cmd( 'ping -c1 %s %s' %
(opts, dest.IP()) )
sent, received = self._parsePing( result )
else:
sent, received = 0, 0
result = node.cmd( 'ping -c1 ' + dest.IP() )
sent, received = self._parsePing( result )
packets += sent
if received > sent:
error( '*** Error: received too many packets' )
@@ -679,84 +446,15 @@ class Mininet( object ):
lost += sent - received
output( ( '%s ' % dest.name ) if received else 'X ' )
output( '\n' )
if packets > 0:
ploss = 100.0 * lost / packets
received = packets - lost
output( "*** Results: %i%% dropped (%d/%d received)\n" %
( ploss, received, packets ) )
else:
ploss = 0
output( "*** Warning: No packets sent\n" )
ploss = 100 * lost / packets
output( "*** Results: %i%% dropped (%d/%d lost)\n" %
( ploss, lost, packets ) )
return ploss
@staticmethod
def _parsePingFull( pingOutput ):
"Parse ping output and return all data."
errorTuple = (1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
# Check for downed link
r = r'[uU]nreachable'
m = re.search( r, pingOutput )
if m is not None:
return errorTuple
r = r'(\d+) packets transmitted, (\d+)( packets)? received'
m = re.search( r, pingOutput )
if m is None:
error( '*** Error: could not parse ping output: %s\n' %
pingOutput )
return errorTuple
sent, received = int( m.group( 1 ) ), int( m.group( 2 ) )
r = r'rtt min/avg/max/mdev = '
r += r'(\d+\.\d+)/(\d+\.\d+)/(\d+\.\d+)/(\d+\.\d+) ms'
m = re.search( r, pingOutput )
if m is None:
if received == 0:
return errorTuple
error( '*** Error: could not parse ping output: %s\n' %
pingOutput )
return errorTuple
rttmin = float( m.group( 1 ) )
rttavg = float( m.group( 2 ) )
rttmax = float( m.group( 3 ) )
rttdev = float( m.group( 4 ) )
return sent, received, rttmin, rttavg, rttmax, rttdev
def pingFull( self, hosts=None, timeout=None ):
"""Ping between all specified hosts and return all data.
hosts: list of hosts
timeout: time to wait for a response, as string
returns: all ping data; see function body."""
# should we check if running?
# Each value is a tuple: (src, dsd, [all ping outputs])
all_outputs = []
if not hosts:
hosts = self.hosts
output( '*** Ping: testing ping reachability\n' )
for node in hosts:
output( '%s -> ' % node.name )
for dest in hosts:
if node != dest:
opts = ''
if timeout:
opts = '-W %s' % timeout
result = node.cmd( 'ping -c1 %s %s' % (opts, dest.IP()) )
outputs = self._parsePingFull( result )
sent, received, rttmin, rttavg, rttmax, rttdev = outputs
all_outputs.append( (node, dest, outputs) )
output( ( '%s ' % dest.name ) if received else 'X ' )
output( '\n' )
output( "*** Results: \n" )
for outputs in all_outputs:
src, dest, ping_outputs = outputs
sent, received, rttmin, rttavg, rttmax, rttdev = ping_outputs
output( " %s->%s: %s/%s, " % (src, dest, sent, received ) )
output( "rtt min/avg/max/mdev %0.3f/%0.3f/%0.3f/%0.3f ms\n" %
(rttmin, rttavg, rttmax, rttdev) )
return all_outputs
def pingAll( self, timeout=None ):
def pingAll( self ):
"""Ping between all hosts.
returns: ploss packet loss percentage"""
return self.ping( timeout=timeout )
return self.ping()
def pingPair( self ):
"""Ping between first two hosts, useful for testing.
@@ -764,17 +462,6 @@ class Mininet( object ):
hosts = [ self.hosts[ 0 ], self.hosts[ 1 ] ]
return self.ping( hosts=hosts )
def pingAllFull( self ):
"""Ping between all hosts.
returns: ploss packet loss percentage"""
return self.pingFull()
def pingPairFull( self ):
"""Ping between first two hosts, useful for testing.
returns: ploss packet loss percentage"""
hosts = [ self.hosts[ 0 ], self.hosts[ 1 ] ]
return self.pingFull( hosts=hosts )
@staticmethod
def _parseIperf( iperfOutput ):
"""Parse iperf output and return bandwidth.
@@ -791,48 +478,41 @@ class Mininet( object ):
# XXX This should be cleaned up
def iperf( self, hosts=None, l4Type='TCP', udpBw='10M', fmt=None,
seconds=5, port=5001):
def iperf( self, hosts=None, l4Type='TCP', udpBw='10M' ):
"""Run iperf between two hosts.
hosts: list of hosts; if None, uses first and last hosts
hosts: list of hosts; if None, uses opposite hosts
l4Type: string, one of [ TCP, UDP ]
udpBw: bandwidth target for UDP test
fmt: iperf format argument if any
seconds: iperf time to transmit
port: iperf port
returns: two-element array of [ server, client ] speeds
note: send() is buffered, so client rate can be much higher than
the actual transmission rate; on an unloaded system, server
rate should be much closer to the actual receive rate"""
hosts = hosts or [ self.hosts[ 0 ], self.hosts[ -1 ] ]
assert len( hosts ) == 2
returns: results two-element array of server and client speeds"""
if not quietRun( 'which telnet' ):
error( 'Cannot find telnet in $PATH - required for iperf test' )
return
if not hosts:
hosts = [ self.hosts[ 0 ], self.hosts[ -1 ] ]
else:
assert len( hosts ) == 2
client, server = hosts
output( '*** Iperf: testing', l4Type, 'bandwidth between',
client, 'and', server, '\n' )
output( '*** Iperf: testing ' + l4Type + ' bandwidth between ' )
output( "%s and %s\n" % ( client.name, server.name ) )
server.cmd( 'killall -9 iperf' )
iperfArgs = 'iperf -p %d ' % port
iperfArgs = 'iperf '
bwArgs = ''
if l4Type == 'UDP':
iperfArgs += '-u '
bwArgs = '-b ' + udpBw + ' '
elif l4Type != 'TCP':
raise Exception( 'Unexpected l4 type: %s' % l4Type )
if fmt:
iperfArgs += '-f %s ' % fmt
server.sendCmd( iperfArgs + '-s' )
if l4Type == 'TCP':
if not waitListening( client, server.IP(), port ):
raise Exception( 'Could not connect to iperf on port %d'
% port )
cliout = client.cmd( iperfArgs + '-t %d -c ' % seconds +
server.IP() + ' ' + bwArgs )
debug( 'Client output: %s\n' % cliout )
server.sendCmd( iperfArgs + '-s', printPid=True )
servout = ''
# We want the last *b/sec from the iperf server output
# for TCP, there are two of them because of waitListening
count = 2 if l4Type == 'TCP' else 1
while len( re.findall( '/sec', servout ) ) < count:
servout += server.monitor( timeoutms=5000 )
while server.lastPid is None:
servout += server.monitor()
if l4Type == 'TCP':
while 'Connected' not in client.cmd(
'sh -c "echo A | telnet -e A %s 5001"' % server.IP()):
output('waiting for iperf to start up...')
sleep(.5)
cliout = client.cmd( iperfArgs + '-t 5 -c ' + server.IP() + ' ' +
bwArgs )
debug( 'Client output: %s\n' % cliout )
server.sendInt()
servout += server.waitOutput()
debug( 'Server output: %s\n' % servout )
@@ -842,51 +522,6 @@ class Mininet( object ):
output( '*** Results: %s\n' % result )
return result
def runCpuLimitTest( self, cpu, duration=5 ):
"""run CPU limit test with 'while true' processes.
cpu: desired CPU fraction of each host
duration: test duration in seconds (integer)
returns a single list of measured CPU fractions as floats.
"""
pct = cpu * 100
info( '*** Testing CPU %.0f%% bandwidth limit\n' % pct )
hosts = self.hosts
cores = int( quietRun( 'nproc' ) )
# number of processes to run a while loop on per host
num_procs = int( ceil( cores * cpu ) )
pids = {}
for h in hosts:
pids[ h ] = []
for _core in range( num_procs ):
h.cmd( 'while true; do a=1; done &' )
pids[ h ].append( h.cmd( 'echo $!' ).strip() )
outputs = {}
time = {}
# get the initial cpu time for each host
for host in hosts:
outputs[ host ] = []
with open( '/sys/fs/cgroup/cpuacct/%s/cpuacct.usage' %
host, 'r' ) as f:
time[ host ] = float( f.read() )
for _ in range( duration ):
sleep( 1 )
for host in hosts:
with open( '/sys/fs/cgroup/cpuacct/%s/cpuacct.usage' %
host, 'r' ) as f:
readTime = float( f.read() )
outputs[ host ].append( ( ( readTime - time[ host ] )
/ 1000000000 ) / cores * 100 )
time[ host ] = readTime
for h, pids in pids.items():
for pid in pids:
h.cmd( 'kill -9 %s' % pid )
cpu_fractions = []
for _host, outputs in outputs.items():
for pct in outputs:
cpu_fractions.append( pct )
output( '*** Results: %s\n' % cpu_fractions )
return cpu_fractions
# BL: I think this can be rewritten now that we have
# a real link class.
def configLinkStatus( self, src, dst, status ):
@@ -899,8 +534,10 @@ class Mininet( object ):
elif dst not in self.nameToNode:
error( 'dst not in network: %s\n' % dst )
else:
src = self.nameToNode[ src ]
dst = self.nameToNode[ dst ]
if type( src ) is str:
src = self.nameToNode[ src ]
if type( dst ) is str:
dst = self.nameToNode[ dst ]
connections = src.connectionsTo( dst )
if len( connections ) == 0:
error( 'src and dst not connected: %s %s\n' % ( src, dst) )
@@ -926,7 +563,12 @@ class Mininet( object ):
"Initialize Mininet"
if cls.inited:
return
ensureRoot()
if os.getuid() != 0:
# Note: this script must be run as root
# Probably we should only sudo when we need
# to as per Big Switch's patch
print "*** Mininet must run as root."
exit( 1 )
fixLimits()
cls.inited = True
@@ -967,7 +609,7 @@ class MininetWithControlNet( Mininet ):
# in the control network location.
def configureRoutedControlNetwork( self, ip='192.168.123.1',
prefixLen=16 ):
prefixLen=16 ):
"""Configure a routed control network on controller and switches.
For use with the user datapath only right now."""
controller = self.controllers[ 0 ]
+270 -788
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