From 0ed392fb6223e8266130747b2fc2424fc67e383c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: yyh <92089059+lyzno1@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Sep 2026 11:58:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] chore(dify-ui): align authoring rules and dependency
 optimization (#43233)

---
 lint.config.ts                                |  14 ++
 packages/dify-ui/docs/authoring.md            |   9 +
 .../src/alert-dialog/index.stories.tsx        |   4 +-
 .../src/autocomplete/index.stories.tsx        | 180 +++++++++---------
 packages/dify-ui/src/avatar/index.tsx         |   2 +-
 .../dify-ui/src/collapsible/index.stories.tsx |   4 +-
 .../dify-ui/src/combobox/index.stories.tsx    |  50 ++---
 .../src/context-menu/index.stories.tsx        |  22 ++-
 .../src/date-time/__tests__/label.spec.tsx    |  22 +--
 .../date-picker/__tests__/behavior.spec.tsx   |   8 +-
 .../date-time/date-picker/calendar-panel.tsx  |   4 +-
 .../src/date-time/date-time-picker/index.tsx  |   8 +-
 .../src/date-time/internal/picker-parts.tsx   |   4 +-
 .../time-picker/__tests__/index.spec.tsx      |   4 +-
 .../date-time/time-picker/index.stories.tsx   |   4 +-
 .../src/date-time/time-picker/index.tsx       |   8 +-
 .../src/dialog/__tests__/index.spec.tsx       |   4 +-
 packages/dify-ui/src/dialog/index.stories.tsx |   8 +-
 .../src/dropdown-menu/index.stories.tsx       |  32 ++--
 .../src/infotip/__tests__/index.spec.tsx      |   4 +-
 .../dify-ui/src/infotip/__tests__/types.tsx   |   6 +-
 .../src/input-group/__tests__/index.spec.tsx  |   5 +-
 packages/dify-ui/src/kbd/index.stories.tsx    |  24 +--
 .../src/number-field/__tests__/index.spec.tsx |   4 +-
 .../dify-ui/src/popover/index.stories.tsx     |   4 +-
 .../src/preview-card/index.stories.tsx        |  44 +++--
 .../src/scroll-area/__tests__/index.spec.tsx  |   6 +-
 .../__tests__/index.spec.tsx                  |   6 +-
 .../src/segmented-control/index.stories.tsx   |  18 +-
 packages/dify-ui/src/select/index.stories.tsx |   4 +-
 .../src/status-dot/__tests__/index.spec.tsx   |   9 +-
 .../dify-ui/src/switch/__tests__/types.tsx    |   5 +-
 packages/dify-ui/src/switch/index.stories.tsx |  50 ++---
 .../dify-ui/src/textarea/index.stories.tsx    |   6 +-
 .../src/toast/__tests__/index.spec.tsx        |  21 +-
 packages/dify-ui/src/toast/index.stories.tsx  |  18 +-
 .../dify-ui/src/tooltip/index.stories.tsx     |  40 ++--
 packages/dify-ui/vite.config.ts               |  10 -
 38 files changed, 359 insertions(+), 316 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lint.config.ts b/lint.config.ts
index 45a417ad1d0..74036a4a95a 100644
--- a/lint.config.ts
+++ b/lint.config.ts
@@ -1193,15 +1193,29 @@ export const lintConfig = {
     {
       files: ['packages/dify-ui/**/*.{js,cjs,mjs,jsx,ts,cts,mts,tsx}'],
       rules: {
+        'func-names': ['error', 'as-needed'],
+        'id-denylist': ['error', 'e'],
         'unicorn/import-style': [
           'error',
           {
             extendDefaultStyles: false,
             styles: {
               react: { namespace: true },
+              'react-dom': { namespace: true },
+              'react-dom/client': { namespace: true },
+              'react-dom/server': { namespace: true },
             },
           },
         ],
+        'react/function-component-definition': [
+          'error',
+          {
+            namedComponents: ['function-declaration', 'function-expression'],
+            unnamedComponents: ['arrow-function', 'function-expression'],
+          },
+        ],
+        'react/jsx-fragments': ['error', 'element'],
+        'react/jsx-no-useless-fragment': ['error', { allowExpressions: true }],
         'react/exhaustive-deps': [
           'error',
           {
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/docs/authoring.md b/packages/dify-ui/docs/authoring.md
index 2cdda20303e..3a4639ddd37 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/docs/authoring.md
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/docs/authoring.md
@@ -13,6 +13,15 @@ Use React namespace imports throughout this package, including stories and tests
 import also covers React types; do not add separate named type imports. JSX alone does not
 require an explicit React import.
 
+Use namespace imports for `react-dom`, `react-dom/client`, and `react-dom/server` as well.
+Write grouping fragments as `<React.Fragment>` and remove unnecessary fragment wrappers.
+
+## Component writing style
+
+Define named components with function declarations or function expressions. Arrow functions
+remain appropriate for event handlers, render props, and Storybook render callbacks. Name function
+expressions when JavaScript cannot infer their name. Use `event` or `error` instead of `e`.
+
 ## Subpaths and names
 
 Every public primitive needs a matching `package.json#exports` subpath. Import relatively between
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/alert-dialog/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/alert-dialog/index.stories.tsx
index d0a8fa7efe4..f19693e0501 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/alert-dialog/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/alert-dialog/index.stories.tsx
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ export const NonDestructive: Story = {
   ),
 }
 
-const ControlledDemo = () => {
+function ControlledDemo() {
   const [open, setOpen] = React.useState(false)
   const [count, setCount] = React.useState(0)
 
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ export const Controlled: Story = {
   render: () => <ControlledDemo />,
 }
 
-const LoadingConfirmDemo = () => {
+function LoadingConfirmDemo() {
   const [pending, setPending] = React.useState(false)
   const [open, setOpen] = React.useState(false)
   const confirmLabelId = React.useId()
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/autocomplete/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/autocomplete/index.stories.tsx
index 0e143166e59..b47cd73a9cb 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/autocomplete/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/autocomplete/index.stories.tsx
@@ -293,27 +293,29 @@ async function searchSuggestions(
   }
 }
 
-const SuggestionItem = ({ item, dense }: { item: Suggestion; dense?: boolean }) => (
-  <AutocompleteItem value={item}>
-    {item.icon && (
-      <span className={cn(item.icon, 'size-4 shrink-0 text-text-tertiary')} aria-hidden="true" />
-    )}
-    <div className="flex min-w-0 grow flex-col">
-      <AutocompleteItemText className="px-0">{item.label}</AutocompleteItemText>
-      {!dense && item.description && (
-        <span className="truncate system-xs-regular text-text-tertiary">{item.description}</span>
+function SuggestionItem({ item, dense }: { item: Suggestion; dense?: boolean }) {
+  return (
+    <AutocompleteItem value={item}>
+      {item.icon && (
+        <span className={cn(item.icon, 'size-4 shrink-0 text-text-tertiary')} aria-hidden="true" />
       )}
-    </div>
-    {item.meta && (
-      <span className="shrink-0 rounded-md bg-components-badge-bg-dimm px-1.5 py-0.5 system-2xs-medium text-text-tertiary">
-        {item.meta}
-      </span>
-    )}
-  </AutocompleteItem>
-)
+      <div className="flex min-w-0 grow flex-col">
+        <AutocompleteItemText className="px-0">{item.label}</AutocompleteItemText>
+        {!dense && item.description && (
+          <span className="truncate system-xs-regular text-text-tertiary">{item.description}</span>
+        )}
+      </div>
+      {item.meta && (
+        <span className="shrink-0 rounded-md bg-components-badge-bg-dimm px-1.5 py-0.5 system-2xs-medium text-text-tertiary">
+          {item.meta}
+        </span>
+      )}
+    </AutocompleteItem>
+  )
+}
 
 // Only virtualized items receive an explicit index; ordinary lists must let Base UI register items by DOM order for keyboard navigation.
-const VirtualizedSuggestionItem = ({
+function VirtualizedSuggestionItem({
   item,
   index,
   dense,
@@ -321,70 +323,76 @@ const VirtualizedSuggestionItem = ({
   item: Suggestion
   index: number
   dense?: boolean
-}) => (
-  <AutocompleteItem value={item} index={index}>
-    {item.icon && (
-      <span className={cn(item.icon, 'size-4 shrink-0 text-text-tertiary')} aria-hidden="true" />
-    )}
-    <div className="flex min-w-0 grow flex-col">
-      <AutocompleteItemText className="px-0">{item.label}</AutocompleteItemText>
-      {!dense && item.description && (
-        <span className="truncate system-xs-regular text-text-tertiary">{item.description}</span>
+}) {
+  return (
+    <AutocompleteItem value={item} index={index}>
+      {item.icon && (
+        <span className={cn(item.icon, 'size-4 shrink-0 text-text-tertiary')} aria-hidden="true" />
       )}
-    </div>
-    {item.meta && (
-      <span className="shrink-0 rounded-md bg-components-badge-bg-dimm px-1.5 py-0.5 system-2xs-medium text-text-tertiary">
-        {item.meta}
-      </span>
-    )}
-  </AutocompleteItem>
-)
+      <div className="flex min-w-0 grow flex-col">
+        <AutocompleteItemText className="px-0">{item.label}</AutocompleteItemText>
+        {!dense && item.description && (
+          <span className="truncate system-xs-regular text-text-tertiary">{item.description}</span>
+        )}
+      </div>
+      {item.meta && (
+        <span className="shrink-0 rounded-md bg-components-badge-bg-dimm px-1.5 py-0.5 system-2xs-medium text-text-tertiary">
+          {item.meta}
+        </span>
+      )}
+    </AutocompleteItem>
+  )
+}
 
-const TagSuggestionItem = ({ item }: { item: Suggestion }) => (
-  <AutocompleteItem value={item}>
-    <AutocompleteItemText className="px-0">{item.label}</AutocompleteItemText>
-    {item.description && (
-      <span className="ml-auto max-w-36 truncate system-xs-regular text-text-tertiary">
-        {item.description}
-      </span>
-    )}
-  </AutocompleteItem>
-)
+function TagSuggestionItem({ item }: { item: Suggestion }) {
+  return (
+    <AutocompleteItem value={item}>
+      <AutocompleteItemText className="px-0">{item.label}</AutocompleteItemText>
+      {item.description && (
+        <span className="ml-auto max-w-36 truncate system-xs-regular text-text-tertiary">
+          {item.description}
+        </span>
+      )}
+    </AutocompleteItem>
+  )
+}
 
-const BasicTagAutocomplete = ({ size = 'medium' }: { size?: 'small' | 'medium' | 'large' }) => (
-  <Autocomplete
-    items={tagSuggestions}
-    itemToStringValue={getSuggestionLabel}
-    mode="list"
-    openOnInputClick
-  >
-    <AutocompleteInputGroup size={size}>
-      <span
-        className="ml-2 i-ri-search-line size-4 shrink-0 text-text-tertiary"
-        aria-hidden="true"
-      />
-      <AutocompleteInput
-        size={size}
-        placeholder="Search tags or type a new one…"
-        aria-label="Search tags or type a new one"
-      />
-      <AutocompleteClear size={size} />
-      <AutocompleteTrigger size={size} />
-    </AutocompleteInputGroup>
-    <AutocompletePortal>
-      <AutocompletePositioner>
-        <AutocompletePopup>
-          <AutocompleteList<Suggestion>>
-            {(item) => <TagSuggestionItem key={item.value} item={item} />}
-          </AutocompleteList>
-          <AutocompleteEmpty>No tag suggestion. Keep the typed value.</AutocompleteEmpty>
-        </AutocompletePopup>
-      </AutocompletePositioner>
-    </AutocompletePortal>
-  </Autocomplete>
-)
+function BasicTagAutocomplete({ size = 'medium' }: { size?: 'small' | 'medium' | 'large' }) {
+  return (
+    <Autocomplete
+      items={tagSuggestions}
+      itemToStringValue={getSuggestionLabel}
+      mode="list"
+      openOnInputClick
+    >
+      <AutocompleteInputGroup size={size}>
+        <span
+          className="ml-2 i-ri-search-line size-4 shrink-0 text-text-tertiary"
+          aria-hidden="true"
+        />
+        <AutocompleteInput
+          size={size}
+          placeholder="Search tags or type a new one…"
+          aria-label="Search tags or type a new one"
+        />
+        <AutocompleteClear size={size} />
+        <AutocompleteTrigger size={size} />
+      </AutocompleteInputGroup>
+      <AutocompletePortal>
+        <AutocompletePositioner>
+          <AutocompletePopup>
+            <AutocompleteList<Suggestion>>
+              {(item) => <TagSuggestionItem key={item.value} item={item} />}
+            </AutocompleteList>
+            <AutocompleteEmpty>No tag suggestion. Keep the typed value.</AutocompleteEmpty>
+          </AutocompletePopup>
+        </AutocompletePositioner>
+      </AutocompletePortal>
+    </Autocomplete>
+  )
+}
 
-const GroupedSuggestionList = () => {
+function GroupedSuggestionList() {
   const groups = useAutocompleteFilteredItems<SuggestionGroup>()
 
   return (
@@ -402,7 +410,7 @@ const GroupedSuggestionList = () => {
   )
 }
 
-const CommandPaletteList = () => {
+function CommandPaletteList() {
   const groups = useAutocompleteFilteredItems<SuggestionGroup>()
 
   return (
@@ -450,7 +458,7 @@ const LimitedStatus = ({ total }: { total: number }) => {
     : `${items.length} suggestions available.`
 }
 
-const AsyncSearchDemo = () => {
+function AsyncSearchDemo() {
   const [searchValue, setSearchValue] = React.useState('')
   const [searchResults, setSearchResults] = React.useState<Suggestion[]>([])
   const [error, setError] = React.useState<string | null>(null)
@@ -532,11 +540,11 @@ const AsyncSearchDemo = () => {
   )
 }
 
-const VirtualizedSuggestionList = ({
+function VirtualizedSuggestionList({
   virtualizerRef,
 }: {
   virtualizerRef: React.RefObject<StoryVirtualizer | null>
-}) => {
+}) {
   const scrollRef = React.useRef<HTMLDivElement | null>(null)
   const filteredItems = useAutocompleteFilteredItems<Suggestion>()
   const virtualizer = useVirtualizer({
@@ -586,7 +594,7 @@ const VirtualizedSuggestionList = ({
   )
 }
 
-const VirtualizedStatus = () => {
+function VirtualizedStatus() {
   const filteredItems = useAutocompleteFilteredItems<Suggestion>()
 
   return (
@@ -596,7 +604,7 @@ const VirtualizedStatus = () => {
   )
 }
 
-const FuzzyHighlight = ({ text, query }: { text: string; query: string }) => {
+function FuzzyHighlight({ text, query }: { text: string; query: string }) {
   const parts = React.useMemo(() => {
     const trimmed = query.trim()
 
@@ -622,7 +630,7 @@ const FuzzyHighlight = ({ text, query }: { text: string; query: string }) => {
   )
 }
 
-const FuzzyMatchingDemo = () => {
+function FuzzyMatchingDemo() {
   const [value, setValue] = React.useState('retr')
   const { contains } = useAutocompleteFilter({ sensitivity: 'base' })
 
@@ -863,7 +871,7 @@ export const CommandPalette: Story = {
   ),
 }
 
-const VirtualizedLongSuggestionsDemo = () => {
+function VirtualizedLongSuggestionsDemo() {
   const virtualizerRef = React.useRef<StoryVirtualizer | null>(null)
 
   return (
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/avatar/index.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/avatar/index.tsx
index 03b84501ee9..5f1ba7fc8ae 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/avatar/index.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/avatar/index.tsx
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ function AvatarImage({ className, ...props }: AvatarImageProps) {
   )
 }
 
-const Avatar = ({ name, avatar, size = 'md', className, onLoadingStatusChange }: AvatarProps) => {
+function Avatar({ name, avatar, size = 'md', className, onLoadingStatusChange }: AvatarProps) {
   return (
     <AvatarRoot size={size} className={className}>
       {avatar && (
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/collapsible/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/collapsible/index.stories.tsx
index 6949bff074d..afe469ff3f6 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/collapsible/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/collapsible/index.stories.tsx
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ function TriggerIcon() {
 
 function RecoveryKeys(props: Pick<CollapsiblePanelProps, 'keepMounted' | 'hiddenUntilFound'>) {
   return (
-    <>
+    <React.Fragment>
       <CollapsibleTrigger className={cn(triggerClassName, 'justify-between gap-2')}>
         Recovery keys
         <TriggerIcon />
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ function RecoveryKeys(props: Pick<CollapsiblePanelProps, 'keepMounted' | 'hidden
           <div>horse-battery-staple</div>
         </div>
       </CollapsiblePanel>
-    </>
+    </React.Fragment>
   )
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/combobox/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/combobox/index.stories.tsx
index 406270cf695..60712dde5a7 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/combobox/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/combobox/index.stories.tsx
@@ -353,23 +353,25 @@ const renderVirtualizedOptionItem = (option: Option, index: number, itemCount: n
   </ComboboxItem>
 )
 
-const PopupSearchInput = ({ label, placeholder }: { label: string; placeholder: string }) => (
-  <div className="p-1 pb-0">
-    <ComboboxInputGroup className="h-8 min-h-8 px-2">
-      <span
-        aria-hidden
-        className="mr-0.5 i-ri-search-line size-4 shrink-0 text-components-input-text-placeholder"
-      />
-      <ComboboxInput
-        aria-label={label}
-        placeholder={`${placeholder}…`}
-        className="block h-4.5 grow px-1 py-0 system-sm-regular text-components-input-text-filled"
-      />
-    </ComboboxInputGroup>
-  </div>
-)
+function PopupSearchInput({ label, placeholder }: { label: string; placeholder: string }) {
+  return (
+    <div className="p-1 pb-0">
+      <ComboboxInputGroup className="h-8 min-h-8 px-2">
+        <span
+          aria-hidden
+          className="mr-0.5 i-ri-search-line size-4 shrink-0 text-components-input-text-placeholder"
+        />
+        <ComboboxInput
+          aria-label={label}
+          placeholder={`${placeholder}…`}
+          className="block h-4.5 grow px-1 py-0 system-sm-regular text-components-input-text-filled"
+        />
+      </ComboboxInputGroup>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
 
-const GroupedToolList = () => {
+function GroupedToolList() {
   const groups = useComboboxFilteredItems<OptionGroup>()
 
   return (
@@ -385,11 +387,11 @@ const GroupedToolList = () => {
   )
 }
 
-const VirtualizedModelList = ({
+function VirtualizedModelList({
   virtualizerRef,
 }: {
   virtualizerRef: React.RefObject<StoryVirtualizer | null>
-}) => {
+}) {
   const scrollRef = React.useRef<HTMLDivElement | null>(null)
   const filteredItems = useComboboxFilteredItems<Option>()
   const virtualizer = useVirtualizer({
@@ -451,7 +453,7 @@ const VirtualizedModelList = ({
   )
 }
 
-const FilteredModelStatus = () => {
+function FilteredModelStatus() {
   const filteredItems = useComboboxFilteredItems<Option>()
 
   return (
@@ -461,7 +463,7 @@ const FilteredModelStatus = () => {
   )
 }
 
-const VirtualizedLongListDemo = () => {
+function VirtualizedLongListDemo() {
   const [value, setValue] = React.useState<Option | null>(modelCatalogOptions[137]!)
   const virtualizerRef = React.useRef<StoryVirtualizer | null>(null)
 
@@ -495,7 +497,7 @@ const VirtualizedLongListDemo = () => {
   )
 }
 
-const AsyncDirectoryDemo = () => {
+function AsyncDirectoryDemo() {
   const [searchResults, setSearchResults] = React.useState<Option[]>([])
   const [selectedValue, setSelectedValue] = React.useState<Option | null>(null)
   const [searchValue, setSearchValue] = React.useState('')
@@ -599,7 +601,7 @@ const AsyncDirectoryDemo = () => {
   )
 }
 
-const InlinePopoverDemo = () => {
+function InlinePopoverDemo() {
   const [open, setOpen] = React.useState(false)
   const [value, setValue] = React.useState<Option | null>(null)
   const [inputValue, setInputValue] = React.useState('')
@@ -829,7 +831,7 @@ export const Grouped: Story = {
   ),
 }
 
-const MultipleChipsDemo = () => {
+function MultipleChipsDemo() {
   const [value, setValue] = React.useState<Option[]>(defaultReviewers)
 
   return (
@@ -1004,7 +1006,7 @@ export const ReadOnly: Story = {
   },
 }
 
-const ControlledDemo = () => {
+function ControlledDemo() {
   const [value, setValue] = React.useState<string | null>(defaultTag.value)
 
   return (
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/context-menu/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/context-menu/index.stories.tsx
index 08c87d7e0c0..f05adefb7d8 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/context-menu/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/context-menu/index.stories.tsx
@@ -19,14 +19,16 @@ import {
   ContextMenuTrigger,
 } from '.'
 
-const TriggerArea = ({ label = 'Right-click inside this area' }: { label?: string }) => (
-  <ContextMenuTrigger
-    aria-label="context menu trigger area"
-    className="flex h-44 w-80 items-center justify-center rounded-xl border border-divider-subtle bg-background-default-subtle px-6 text-center text-sm text-text-tertiary select-none"
-  >
-    {label}
-  </ContextMenuTrigger>
-)
+function TriggerArea({ label = 'Right-click inside this area' }: { label?: string }) {
+  return (
+    <ContextMenuTrigger
+      aria-label="context menu trigger area"
+      className="flex h-44 w-80 items-center justify-center rounded-xl border border-divider-subtle bg-background-default-subtle px-6 text-center text-sm text-text-tertiary select-none"
+    >
+      {label}
+    </ContextMenuTrigger>
+  )
+}
 
 const meta = {
   title: 'Base/UI/ContextMenu',
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ export const WithGroupLabel: Story = {
 
 type Density = 'compact' | 'comfortable' | 'spacious'
 
-const WithRadioItemsDemo = () => {
+function WithRadioItemsDemo() {
   const [density, setDensity] = React.useState<Density>('comfortable')
 
   return (
@@ -132,7 +134,7 @@ export const WithRadioItems: Story = {
   render: () => <WithRadioItemsDemo />,
 }
 
-const WithCheckboxItemsDemo = () => {
+function WithCheckboxItemsDemo() {
   const [showToolbar, setShowToolbar] = React.useState(true)
   const [showSidebar, setShowSidebar] = React.useState(false)
   const [showStatusBar, setShowStatusBar] = React.useState(true)
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/__tests__/label.spec.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/__tests__/label.spec.tsx
index bfc6b98380c..5990c95f68a 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/__tests__/label.spec.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/__tests__/label.spec.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import type * as React from 'react'
 import {
   DatePicker,
   DatePickerContent,
@@ -17,7 +16,8 @@ import {
   TimePickerLabel,
   TimePickerTrigger,
 } from '@langgenius/dify-ui/time-picker'
-import { createPortal } from 'react-dom'
+import * as React from 'react'
+import * as ReactDOM from 'react-dom'
 import { userEvent } from 'vite-plus/test/browser'
 import { render } from 'vitest-browser-react'
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ it.each(pickers)(
     const help = vi.fn()
     const screen = await render(
       wrap(
-        <>
+        <React.Fragment>
           <Label>
             <span>Departure</span>
             <button type="button" onClick={help}>
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ it.each(pickers)(
           </Label>
           <Trigger />
           <Content />
-        </>,
+        </React.Fragment>,
       ),
     )
     const trigger = screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Departure Help' })
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ it('does not forward clicks from portalled label content to the trigger', async
     <DatePicker>
       <DatePickerLabel>
         Departure
-        {createPortal(<input aria-label="Help search" />, document.body)}
+        {ReactDOM.createPortal(<input aria-label="Help search" />, document.body)}
       </DatePickerLabel>
       <DatePickerTrigger />
       <DatePickerContent />
@@ -127,14 +127,14 @@ it('does not forward clicks from portalled label content to the trigger', async
 
 it('allows a consumer to cancel label focus forwarding', async () => {
   const screen = await render(
-    <>
+    <React.Fragment>
       <button type="button">Previous control</button>
       <DatePicker>
         <DatePickerLabel onClick={(event) => event.preventDefault()}>Departure</DatePickerLabel>
         <DatePickerTrigger />
         <DatePickerContent />
       </DatePicker>
-    </>,
+    </React.Fragment>,
   )
   const previous = screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Previous control' })
   await previous.click()
@@ -148,10 +148,10 @@ it.each(pickers)(
   async ({ wrap, Trigger, Content }) => {
     const screen = await render(
       wrap(
-        <>
+        <React.Fragment>
           <Trigger aria-label="Departure" />
           <Content aria-label="Choose departure" />
-        </>,
+        </React.Fragment>,
       ),
     )
     const trigger = screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Departure' })
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ it.each(pickers)(
 
 it('combines external label, value and descriptions without losing validation feedback', async () => {
   const screen = await render(
-    <>
+    <React.Fragment>
       <span id="departure-label">Departure</span>
       <p id="departure-help">Choose a working day.</p>
       <DatePicker
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ it('combines external label, value and descriptions without losing validation fe
         <DatePickerTrigger aria-labelledby="departure-label" aria-describedby="departure-help" />
         <DatePickerContent aria-labelledby="departure-label" />
       </DatePicker>
-    </>,
+    </React.Fragment>,
   )
   const trigger = screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Departure Jan 15, 2025' })
   await expect
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/date-picker/__tests__/behavior.spec.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/date-picker/__tests__/behavior.spec.tsx
index 52d3fa38b28..cce8a7681a0 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/date-picker/__tests__/behavior.spec.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/date-picker/__tests__/behavior.spec.tsx
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ import {
 
 function Parts() {
   return (
-    <>
+    <React.Fragment>
       <DatePickerTrigger />
       <DatePickerClear aria-label="Clear date" />
       <DatePickerContent />
-    </>
+    </React.Fragment>
   )
 }
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ describe('DatePicker keyboard and form contract', () => {
     function Example() {
       const [visible, setVisible] = React.useState(true)
       return (
-        <>
+        <React.Fragment>
           <button type="button" onClick={() => setVisible(!visible)}>
             Toggle label
           </button>
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ describe('DatePicker keyboard and form contract', () => {
             <DatePickerTrigger id="custom-departure" aria-label={visible ? undefined : 'Date'} />
             <DatePickerContent aria-label={visible ? undefined : 'Choose date'} />
           </DatePicker>
-        </>
+        </React.Fragment>
       )
     }
     const screen = await render(<Example />)
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/date-picker/calendar-panel.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/date-picker/calendar-panel.tsx
index 7a9d0edfc22..7120ef75c44 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/date-picker/calendar-panel.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/date-picker/calendar-panel.tsx
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ function CalendarPanel({
       }
       footer={
         choosingMonth ? (
-          <>
+          <React.Fragment>
             <Button
               size="small"
               variant="secondary"
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ function CalendarPanel({
             >
               {labels.apply}
             </Button>
-          </>
+          </React.Fragment>
         ) : (
           footer
         )
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/date-time-picker/index.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/date-time-picker/index.tsx
index 70728b668a4..ad190aec54b 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/date-time-picker/index.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/date-time-picker/index.tsx
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ function Session() {
           isDateUnavailable={isDateUnavailable}
           labels={text}
           footer={
-            <>
+            <React.Fragment>
               <Button
                 size="small"
                 variant="secondary-accent"
@@ -285,14 +285,14 @@ function Session() {
                 </Button>
                 {apply}
               </div>
-            </>
+            </React.Fragment>
           }
         />
       ) : (
         <PickerPanel
           header={<PickerPanelHeader>{text.pickTime}</PickerPanelHeader>}
           footer={
-            <>
+            <React.Fragment>
               <Button
                 size="small"
                 variant="secondary-accent"
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ function Session() {
                 </Button>
                 {apply}
               </div>
-            </>
+            </React.Fragment>
           }
         >
           <TimePanel
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/internal/picker-parts.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/internal/picker-parts.tsx
index 6c783e1298c..778f6368099 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/internal/picker-parts.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/internal/picker-parts.tsx
@@ -283,13 +283,13 @@ function PickerTrigger({
       }
     >
       {children ?? (
-        <>
+        <React.Fragment>
           <PickerValue />
           <span
             className="i-ri-calendar-line size-4 shrink-0 text-text-tertiary forced-colors:text-[ButtonText] forced-colors:forced-color-adjust-none"
             aria-hidden="true"
           />
-        </>
+        </React.Fragment>
       )}
     </PopoverTrigger>
   )
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/time-picker/__tests__/index.spec.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/time-picker/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
index 82d9f7c8eb4..11282698a20 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/time-picker/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/time-picker/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
@@ -296,9 +296,9 @@ it('announces the complete custom displayed value including its timezone', async
       <TimePickerTrigger>
         <TimePickerValue>
           {(displayValue) => (
-            <>
+            <React.Fragment>
               <span>{displayValue}</span> <span>UTC+08:00</span>
-            </>
+            </React.Fragment>
           )}
         </TimePickerValue>
       </TimePickerTrigger>
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/time-picker/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/time-picker/index.stories.tsx
index 80fcb339b57..87acfbba4fc 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/time-picker/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/time-picker/index.stories.tsx
@@ -174,9 +174,9 @@ export const Schedule: Story = {
         <TimePickerTrigger>
           <TimePickerValue>
             {(value) => (
-              <>
+              <React.Fragment>
                 {value} <span className="text-text-tertiary">UTC+0</span>
-              </>
+              </React.Fragment>
             )}
           </TimePickerValue>
         </TimePickerTrigger>
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/time-picker/index.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/time-picker/index.tsx
index c9eb531c38a..dce97498d70 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/time-picker/index.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/date-time/time-picker/index.tsx
@@ -136,13 +136,13 @@ function TimePickerTrigger({ children, ...props }: TimePickerTriggerProps) {
   return (
     <PickerTrigger {...props}>
       {children ?? (
-        <>
+        <React.Fragment>
           <PickerValue />
           <span
             aria-hidden="true"
             className="i-ri-time-line size-4 shrink-0 text-text-tertiary forced-colors:text-[ButtonText] forced-colors:forced-color-adjust-none"
           />
-        </>
+        </React.Fragment>
       )}
     </PickerTrigger>
   )
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ function Session() {
         )
       }
       footer={
-        <>
+        <React.Fragment>
           <Button
             size="small"
             variant="ghost-accent"
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ function Session() {
           >
             {text.apply}
           </Button>
-        </>
+        </React.Fragment>
       }
     >
       <TimePanel
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/dialog/__tests__/index.spec.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/dialog/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
index f9aa186fe39..84436280643 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/dialog/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/dialog/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
@@ -75,14 +75,14 @@ describe('Dialog wrapper', () => {
     it('should connect a detached trigger to the dialog', async () => {
       const handle = createDialogHandle()
       const screen = await render(
-        <>
+        <React.Fragment>
           <DialogTrigger handle={handle}>Open dialog</DialogTrigger>
           <Dialog handle={handle}>
             <DialogContent>
               <DialogTitle>Detached dialog</DialogTitle>
             </DialogContent>
           </Dialog>
-        </>,
+        </React.Fragment>,
       )
 
       await screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Open dialog' }).click()
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/dialog/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/dialog/index.stories.tsx
index bd454010a1b..e9f6842386b 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/dialog/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/dialog/index.stories.tsx
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ export const WithoutCloseButton: Story = {
   ),
 }
 
-const ControlledDemo = () => {
+function ControlledDemo() {
   const [open, setOpen] = React.useState(false)
 
   return (
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ type ApiExtensionFormValues = {
   apiKey: string
 }
 
-const FormDialogDemo = () => {
+function FormDialogDemo() {
   const [open, setOpen] = React.useState(false)
   const nameInputRef = React.useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null)
 
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ export const FormDialog: Story = {
   },
 }
 
-const OutsideScrollingContentDemo = () => {
+function OutsideScrollingContentDemo() {
   const [open, setOpen] = React.useState(false)
   const popupRef = React.useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
 
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ export const OutsidePopupElements: Story = {
   ),
 }
 
-const InsideScrollingContentDemo = () => {
+function InsideScrollingContentDemo() {
   const [open, setOpen] = React.useState(false)
 
   return (
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/dropdown-menu/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/dropdown-menu/index.stories.tsx
index 8ebc334db1c..8319aaf2bd5 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/dropdown-menu/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/dropdown-menu/index.stories.tsx
@@ -19,18 +19,20 @@ import {
   DropdownMenuTrigger,
 } from '.'
 
-const TriggerButton = ({ label = 'Open Menu' }: { label?: string }) => (
-  <DropdownMenuTrigger
-    render={
-      <button
-        type="button"
-        className="rounded-lg border border-divider-subtle bg-components-button-secondary-bg px-3 py-1.5 text-sm text-text-secondary shadow-xs outline-hidden hover:bg-state-base-hover focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-state-accent-solid"
-      />
-    }
-  >
-    {label}
-  </DropdownMenuTrigger>
-)
+function TriggerButton({ label = 'Open Menu' }: { label?: string }) {
+  return (
+    <DropdownMenuTrigger
+      render={
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          className="rounded-lg border border-divider-subtle bg-components-button-secondary-bg px-3 py-1.5 text-sm text-text-secondary shadow-xs outline-hidden hover:bg-state-base-hover focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-state-accent-solid"
+        />
+      }
+    >
+      {label}
+    </DropdownMenuTrigger>
+  )
+}
 
 const meta = {
   title: 'Base/UI/DropdownMenu',
@@ -140,7 +142,7 @@ export const WithSubmenu: Story = {
 
 type Density = 'compact' | 'comfortable' | 'spacious'
 
-const WithRadioItemsDemo = () => {
+function WithRadioItemsDemo() {
   const [density, setDensity] = React.useState<Density>('comfortable')
 
   return (
@@ -170,7 +172,7 @@ export const WithRadioItems: Story = {
   render: () => <WithRadioItemsDemo />,
 }
 
-const WithCheckboxItemsDemo = () => {
+function WithCheckboxItemsDemo() {
   const [showToolbar, setShowToolbar] = React.useState(true)
   const [showSidebar, setShowSidebar] = React.useState(false)
   const [showStatusBar, setShowStatusBar] = React.useState(true)
@@ -265,7 +267,7 @@ export const WithLinkItems: Story = {
 
 type SortOrder = 'newest' | 'oldest' | 'name'
 
-const ComplexDemo = () => {
+function ComplexDemo() {
   const [sortOrder, setSortOrder] = React.useState<SortOrder>('newest')
   const [showArchived, setShowArchived] = React.useState(false)
 
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/infotip/__tests__/index.spec.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/infotip/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
index 2b6ee89cafc..9997b65da81 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/infotip/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/infotip/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import * as React from 'react'
-import { createPortal } from 'react-dom'
+import * as ReactDOM from 'react-dom'
 import { render } from 'vitest-browser-react'
 import { Infotip, InfotipContent, InfotipTrigger } from '..'
 
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ describe('Infotip composition', () => {
     const screen = await render(
       <button type="button" onClick={parentClick}>
         Parent action
-        {createPortal(
+        {ReactDOM.createPortal(
           <Infotip>
             <InfotipTrigger aria-label="Details" onClick={triggerClick} ref={triggerRef} />
             <InfotipContent aria-label="Details">Explanation</InfotipContent>
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/infotip/__tests__/types.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/infotip/__tests__/types.tsx
index dbf62af4c08..12472cd0a89 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/infotip/__tests__/types.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/infotip/__tests__/types.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-import type * as React from 'react'
 import { Infotip, InfotipContent, InfotipTrigger } from '@langgenius/dify-ui/infotip'
+import * as React from 'react'
 
 export function infotipTypeContracts(
   triggerRef: React.Ref<HTMLButtonElement>,
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ export function infotipTypeContracts(
   const composition = (
     <Infotip<{ title: string }>>
       {({ payload }) => (
-        <>
+        <React.Fragment>
           <InfotipTrigger
             aria-label="Details"
             ref={triggerRef}
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export function infotipTypeContracts(
           >
             {payload?.title}
           </InfotipContent>
-        </>
+        </React.Fragment>
       )}
     </Infotip>
   )
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/input-group/__tests__/index.spec.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/input-group/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
index 90b4667a441..703d46c094e 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/input-group/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/input-group/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import * as React from 'react'
 import { userEvent } from 'vite-plus/test/browser'
 import { render } from 'vitest-browser-react'
 import { Button } from '../../button'
@@ -157,7 +158,7 @@ describe('Invalid focus colors', () => {
       document.documentElement.dataset.theme = theme
       try {
         const screen = await render(
-          <>
+          <React.Fragment>
             <Button>Before</Button>
             <Field invalid>
               <FieldLabel>Invalid value</FieldLabel>
@@ -166,7 +167,7 @@ describe('Invalid focus colors', () => {
                 <InputGroupAddon>suffix</InputGroupAddon>
               </InputGroup>
             </Field>
-          </>,
+          </React.Fragment>,
         )
         const input = screen.getByRole('textbox', { name: 'Invalid value' })
         const surface = screen.getByTestId('invalid-surface').element()
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/kbd/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/kbd/index.stories.tsx
index 1736f80e58e..bdc1342966d 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/kbd/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/kbd/index.stories.tsx
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ const meta = {
 export default meta
 type Story = StoryObj<typeof meta>
 
-const HotkeyKbdGroup = ({
+function HotkeyKbdGroup({
   hotkey,
   color = 'gray',
   platform = 'mac',
@@ -51,16 +51,18 @@ const HotkeyKbdGroup = ({
   hotkey: DisplayHotkey
   color?: 'gray' | 'white'
   platform?: FormatDisplayOptions['platform']
-}) => (
-  <KbdGroup>
-    {formatForDisplay(hotkey, { platform, parts: true }).map((key, index) => (
-      // oxlint-disable-next-line react/no-array-index-key -- Repeated display keys are static, ordered tokens with no component state.
-      <Kbd key={`${key}-${index}`} color={color}>
-        {key}
-      </Kbd>
-    ))}
-  </KbdGroup>
-)
+}) {
+  return (
+    <KbdGroup>
+      {formatForDisplay(hotkey, { platform, parts: true }).map((key, index) => (
+        // oxlint-disable-next-line react/no-array-index-key -- Repeated display keys are static, ordered tokens with no component state.
+        <Kbd key={`${key}-${index}`} color={color}>
+          {key}
+        </Kbd>
+      ))}
+    </KbdGroup>
+  )
+}
 
 export const Default: Story = {
   render: () => <HotkeyKbdGroup hotkey="Mod+K" />,
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/number-field/__tests__/index.spec.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/number-field/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
index 39e6b4453fc..6fc8a6d3d6b 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/number-field/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/number-field/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ describe('Invalid focus colors', () => {
       document.documentElement.dataset.theme = theme
       try {
         const screen = await render(
-          <>
+          <React.Fragment>
             <Button>Before</Button>
             <Field invalid>
               <FieldLabel>Invalid value</FieldLabel>
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ describe('Invalid focus colors', () => {
                 </NumberFieldGroup>
               </NumberField>
             </Field>
-          </>,
+          </React.Fragment>,
         )
         const input = screen.getByRole('textbox', { name: 'Invalid value' })
         const surface = screen.getByTestId('invalid-surface').element()
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/popover/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/popover/index.stories.tsx
index 5e2b367ed0f..1ea37addfc0 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/popover/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/popover/index.stories.tsx
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ const PLACEMENTS: PopoverPlacement[] = [
   'left-end',
 ]
 
-const PlacementsDemo = () => {
+function PlacementsDemo() {
   const [placement, setPlacement] = React.useState<PopoverPlacement>('bottom')
 
   return (
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ export const Placements: Story = {
   render: () => <PlacementsDemo />,
 }
 
-const ControlledDemo = () => {
+function ControlledDemo() {
   const [open, setOpen] = React.useState(false)
 
   return (
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/preview-card/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/preview-card/index.stories.tsx
index 7c198aa0eb5..946b2470cc4 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/preview-card/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/preview-card/index.stories.tsx
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ const PLACEMENTS: PreviewCardPlacement[] = [
   'left-end',
 ]
 
-const PlacementsDemo = () => {
+function PlacementsDemo() {
   const [placement, setPlacement] = React.useState<PreviewCardPlacement>('bottom')
 
   return (
@@ -172,27 +172,29 @@ export const Placements: Story = {
   render: () => <PlacementsDemo />,
 }
 
-const CustomDelayDemo = () => (
-  <PreviewCard>
-    <PreviewCardTrigger
-      delay={100}
-      closeDelay={100}
-      href="#preview-card-delay"
-      className={triggerButtonClassName}
-    >
-      Snappy trigger
-    </PreviewCardTrigger>
-    <PreviewCardContent className="w-64 p-3">
-      <div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
-        <div className="text-sm font-semibold text-text-primary">Fast hover</div>
-        <div className="text-xs text-text-secondary">
-          Base UI defaults (600ms / 300ms) are tuned for link previews. Override per trigger for
-          denser UIs.
+function CustomDelayDemo() {
+  return (
+    <PreviewCard>
+      <PreviewCardTrigger
+        delay={100}
+        closeDelay={100}
+        href="#preview-card-delay"
+        className={triggerButtonClassName}
+      >
+        Snappy trigger
+      </PreviewCardTrigger>
+      <PreviewCardContent className="w-64 p-3">
+        <div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
+          <div className="text-sm font-semibold text-text-primary">Fast hover</div>
+          <div className="text-xs text-text-secondary">
+            Base UI defaults (600ms / 300ms) are tuned for link previews. Override per trigger for
+            denser UIs.
+          </div>
         </div>
-      </div>
-    </PreviewCardContent>
-  </PreviewCard>
-)
+      </PreviewCardContent>
+    </PreviewCard>
+  )
+}
 
 export const CustomDelays: Story = {
   render: () => <CustomDelayDemo />,
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/scroll-area/__tests__/index.spec.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/scroll-area/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
index 4f451bb0e31..9bfa04cbed8 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/scroll-area/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/scroll-area/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type * as React from 'react'
+import * as React from 'react'
 import { render } from 'vitest-browser-react'
 import {
   ScrollArea,
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ describe('scroll area', () => {
 
     it('should keep accessible region semantics on the viewport', async () => {
       const screen = await render(
-        <>
+        <React.Fragment>
           <p id="installed-apps-label">Installed apps</p>
           <ScrollArea className="h-40 w-40" data-testid="scroll-area-root">
             <ScrollAreaViewport
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ describe('scroll area', () => {
               <ScrollAreaThumb />
             </ScrollAreaScrollbar>
           </ScrollArea>
-        </>,
+        </React.Fragment>,
       )
 
       const viewport = screen.getByRole('region', { name: 'Installed apps' })
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/segmented-control/__tests__/index.spec.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/segmented-control/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
index 2e12732a9ec..2a3b5e27644 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/segmented-control/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/segmented-control/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-import type * as React from 'react'
+import * as React from 'react'
 import { userEvent } from 'vite-plus/test/browser'
 import { render } from 'vitest-browser-react'
 import { SegmentedControl, SegmentedControlDivider, SegmentedControlItem } from '../index'
 
 function SegmentedControlTypeExamples() {
   return (
-    <>
+    <React.Fragment>
       <SegmentedControl<number> value={10} onValueChange={() => {}} aria-label="Page size">
         <SegmentedControlItem<number> value={10}>10</SegmentedControlItem>
         <SegmentedControlItem<number> value={20}>20</SegmentedControlItem>
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ function SegmentedControlTypeExamples() {
       <SegmentedControl aria-label="Missing value">
         <SegmentedControlItem value="one">One</SegmentedControlItem>
       </SegmentedControl>
-    </>
+    </React.Fragment>
   )
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/segmented-control/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/segmented-control/index.stories.tsx
index b8bbc174eed..d9e3ed5b8f6 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/segmented-control/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/segmented-control/index.stories.tsx
@@ -30,14 +30,18 @@ type SegmentedControlProps = {
   noPadding?: boolean
 }
 
-const Icon = () => <i className="i-ri-information-line size-4 shrink-0" aria-hidden="true" />
+function Icon() {
+  return <i className="i-ri-information-line size-4 shrink-0" aria-hidden="true" />
+}
 
-const Item = () => (
-  <React.Fragment>
-    <Icon />
-    <span className="px-0.5">Item</span>
-  </React.Fragment>
-)
+function Item() {
+  return (
+    <React.Fragment>
+      <Icon />
+      <span className="px-0.5">Item</span>
+    </React.Fragment>
+  )
+}
 
 function SegmentedControlExample({
   defaultValue,
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/select/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/select/index.stories.tsx
index d137ae41c3a..d596732f4c4 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/select/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/select/index.stories.tsx
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ export const ReadOnly: Story = {
   ),
 }
 
-const ControlledDemo = () => {
+function ControlledDemo() {
   const [value, setValue] = React.useState<string | null>('balanced')
 
   return (
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ export const Controlled: Story = {
   render: () => <ControlledDemo />,
 }
 
-const MultipleControlledDemo = () => {
+function MultipleControlledDemo() {
   const [value, setValue] = React.useState<DeploymentRegion[]>(['us-east', 'eu-west'])
 
   return (
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/status-dot/__tests__/index.spec.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/status-dot/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
index 63473337a16..967931c8453 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/status-dot/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/status-dot/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
+import * as React from 'react'
 import { render } from 'vitest-browser-react'
 import { StatusDot, StatusDotSkeleton } from '../index'
 
 describe('StatusDot', () => {
   it('hides the visual indicator and its loading placeholder from assistive technology', async () => {
     const screen = await render(
-      <>
+      <React.Fragment>
         <StatusDot data-testid="dot" />
         <StatusDotSkeleton data-testid="skeleton" />
-      </>,
+      </React.Fragment>,
     )
 
     await expect.element(screen.getByTestId('dot')).toHaveAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true')
@@ -16,14 +17,14 @@ describe('StatusDot', () => {
 
   it('does not allow consumers to override the decorative contract', async () => {
     const screen = await render(
-      <>
+      <React.Fragment>
         {/* @ts-expect-error StatusDot is always decorative */}
         <StatusDot aria-hidden={false} data-testid="dot" />
         {/* @ts-expect-error Status semantics belong to the surrounding component */}
         <StatusDot aria-label="Active" data-testid="labelled-dot" />
         {/* @ts-expect-error StatusDotSkeleton is always decorative */}
         <StatusDotSkeleton aria-hidden={false} data-testid="skeleton" />
-      </>,
+      </React.Fragment>,
     )
 
     await expect.element(screen.getByTestId('dot')).toHaveAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true')
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/switch/__tests__/types.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/switch/__tests__/types.tsx
index d18e14c2588..3575d67fd53 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/switch/__tests__/types.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/switch/__tests__/types.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { SwitchProps } from '@langgenius/dify-ui/switch'
 import { Switch } from '@langgenius/dify-ui/switch'
+import * as React from 'react'
 
 function SwitchTypeExamples() {
   const onCheckedChange: NonNullable<SwitchProps['onCheckedChange']> = (checked, details) => {
@@ -7,12 +8,12 @@ function SwitchTypeExamples() {
   }
 
   return (
-    <>
+    <React.Fragment>
       <Switch defaultChecked onCheckedChange={onCheckedChange} />
       <Switch checked={false} onCheckedChange={(checked) => void checked} />
       {/* @ts-expect-error the composite owns its thumb and loading indicator */}
       <Switch>Custom thumb</Switch>
-    </>
+    </React.Fragment>
   )
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/switch/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/switch/index.stories.tsx
index afee0f88d1e..f84263db04f 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/switch/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/switch/index.stories.tsx
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ type SwitchDemoProps = Partial<
   checked?: boolean
 }
 
-const SwitchDemo = (args: SwitchDemoProps) => {
+function SwitchDemo(args: SwitchDemoProps) {
   const [enabled, setEnabled] = React.useState(args.checked ?? false)
 
   return (
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ export const DisabledOn: Story = {
   },
 }
 
-const AllStatesDemo = () => {
+function AllStatesDemo() {
   const sizes = ['xs', 'sm', 'md', 'lg'] as const
 
   return (
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ export const AllStates: Story = {
   },
 }
 
-const SizeComparisonDemo = () => {
+function SizeComparisonDemo() {
   const [states, setStates] = React.useState({
     xs: false,
     sm: false,
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ export const SizeComparison: Story = {
   render: () => <SizeComparisonDemo />,
 }
 
-const LoadingDemo = () => {
+function LoadingDemo() {
   const [loading, setLoading] = React.useState(true)
 
   return (
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ function useMockUpdateAutoRetrySettingMutation({
   }
 }
 
-const MutationLoadingDemo = () => {
+function MutationLoadingDemo() {
   const autoRetrySetting = useMockAutoRetrySettingQuery()
   const updateAutoRetrySetting = useMockUpdateAutoRetrySettingMutation({
     onSuccess: autoRetrySetting.setData,
@@ -406,26 +406,28 @@ export const MutationLoadingGuard: Story = {
   },
 }
 
-const SkeletonDemo = () => (
-  <div className="flex flex-col items-center space-y-4">
-    <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
-      <SwitchSkeleton size="xs" aria-hidden="true" />
-      <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">Extra Small skeleton</span>
+function SkeletonDemo() {
+  return (
+    <div className="flex flex-col items-center space-y-4">
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
+        <SwitchSkeleton size="xs" aria-hidden="true" />
+        <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">Extra Small skeleton</span>
+      </div>
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
+        <SwitchSkeleton size="sm" aria-hidden="true" />
+        <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">Small skeleton</span>
+      </div>
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
+        <SwitchSkeleton size="md" aria-hidden="true" />
+        <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">Regular skeleton</span>
+      </div>
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
+        <SwitchSkeleton size="lg" aria-hidden="true" />
+        <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">Large skeleton</span>
+      </div>
     </div>
-    <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
-      <SwitchSkeleton size="sm" aria-hidden="true" />
-      <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">Small skeleton</span>
-    </div>
-    <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
-      <SwitchSkeleton size="md" aria-hidden="true" />
-      <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">Regular skeleton</span>
-    </div>
-    <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
-      <SwitchSkeleton size="lg" aria-hidden="true" />
-      <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">Large skeleton</span>
-    </div>
-  </div>
-)
+  )
+}
 
 export const Skeleton: Story = {
   render: () => <SkeletonDemo />,
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/textarea/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/textarea/index.stories.tsx
index 98e21a18af6..65c198f6a1e 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/textarea/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/textarea/index.stories.tsx
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ export const States: Story = {
   ),
 }
 
-const FormDemo = () => {
+function FormDemo() {
   const [savedDescription, setSavedDescription] = React.useState<string | null>(null)
 
   return (
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ export const WithField: Story = {
   render: () => <FormDemo />,
 }
 
-const ControlledDemo = () => {
+function ControlledDemo() {
   const [value, setValue] = React.useState(
     'Summarize customer feedback into actionable product themes.',
   )
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ export const Controlled: Story = {
   ),
 }
 
-const CharacterCounterDemo = () => {
+function CharacterCounterDemo() {
   const maxLength = 120
   const [value, setValue] = React.useState(
     'Summarize customer feedback into actionable product themes.',
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/toast/__tests__/index.spec.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/toast/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
index f4b18dd7058..9cf5de8b106 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/toast/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/toast/__tests__/index.spec.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import type { ToastManager, ToastViewportProps } from '../index'
+import * as React from 'react'
 import { userEvent } from 'vite-plus/test/browser'
 import { render } from 'vitest-browser-react'
 import {
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@ describe('@langgenius/dify-ui/toast', () => {
 
   it('should not intercept pointer events below a collapsed top-anchored stack', async () => {
     const screen = await render(
-      <>
+      <React.Fragment>
         <style>{'[role="dialog"] { transition: none !important; }'}</style>
         <button
           type="button"
@@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ describe('@langgenius/dify-ui/toast', () => {
           Underlying action
         </button>
         <ExampleToastHost manager={manager} timeout={0} />
-      </>,
+      </React.Fragment>,
     )
 
     toast('Older notification')
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ describe('@langgenius/dify-ui/toast', () => {
 
     try {
       const screen = await render(
-        <>
+        <React.Fragment>
           <style>
             {`
             [role="dialog"]:not([data-ending-style]) {
@@ -170,7 +171,7 @@ describe('@langgenius/dify-ui/toast', () => {
             }}
           />
           <ExampleToastHost manager={manager} timeout={0} offset={{ top: 120 }} />
-        </>,
+        </React.Fragment>,
       )
 
       toast('Directional notification')
@@ -209,7 +210,7 @@ describe('@langgenius/dify-ui/toast', () => {
 
     try {
       const screen = await render(
-        <>
+        <React.Fragment>
           <style>
             {`
             [role="dialog"][data-ending-style] {
@@ -230,7 +231,7 @@ describe('@langgenius/dify-ui/toast', () => {
             }}
           />
           <ExampleToastHost manager={manager} timeout={0} />
-        </>,
+        </React.Fragment>,
       )
 
       toast('Background notification')
@@ -269,10 +270,10 @@ describe('@langgenius/dify-ui/toast', () => {
     const localManager = createToastManager()
     const localToast = createToast(localManager)
     const screen = await render(
-      <>
+      <React.Fragment>
         <ExampleToastHost manager={manager} />
         <ExampleToastHost manager={localManager} />
-      </>,
+      </React.Fragment>,
     )
 
     localToast.error('Local error')
@@ -361,7 +362,7 @@ describe('@langgenius/dify-ui/toast', () => {
 
     try {
       const screen = await render(
-        <>
+        <React.Fragment>
           <style>
             {`
             [role="dialog"][data-ending-style] {
@@ -391,7 +392,7 @@ describe('@langgenius/dify-ui/toast', () => {
             Underlying action
           </button>
           <ExampleToastHost manager={manager} />
-        </>,
+        </React.Fragment>,
       )
 
       toast('Dismiss me', {
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/toast/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/toast/index.stories.tsx
index 331d05d550d..1d792668f8c 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/toast/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/toast/index.stories.tsx
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ const buttonClassName =
 const cardClassName =
   'flex min-h-[220px] flex-col gap-4 rounded-2xl border border-divider-subtle bg-components-panel-bg p-6 shadow-sm shadow-shadow-shadow-3'
 
-const ExampleCard = ({
+function ExampleCard({
   eyebrow,
   title,
   description,
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ const ExampleCard = ({
   title: string
   description: string
   children: React.ReactNode
-}) => {
+}) {
   return (
     <section className={cardClassName}>
       <div className="space-y-2">
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ const ExampleCard = ({
   )
 }
 
-const VariantExamples = () => {
+function VariantExamples() {
   const createVariantToast = (type: 'success' | 'error' | 'warning' | 'info') => {
     const copy = {
       success: {
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ const VariantExamples = () => {
   )
 }
 
-const StackExamples = () => {
+function StackExamples() {
   const createStack = () => {
     ;[
       {
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ const StackExamples = () => {
   )
 }
 
-const PromiseExamples = () => {
+function PromiseExamples() {
   const [pendingExample, setPendingExample] = React.useState<'success' | 'error' | null>(null)
 
   const exportDsl = async (outcome: 'success' | 'error') => {
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ const PromiseExamples = () => {
   )
 }
 
-const ActionExamples = () => {
+function ActionExamples() {
   const createActionToast = () => {
     let archivedToastId = ''
     archivedToastId = toast.warning('Project archived', {
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ const ActionExamples = () => {
   )
 }
 
-const DeduplicateExamples = () => {
+function DeduplicateExamples() {
   const saveCountRef = React.useRef(0)
 
   const saveDraft = () => {
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ const DeduplicateExamples = () => {
   )
 }
 
-const UpdateExamples = () => {
+function UpdateExamples() {
   const createUpdatableToast = () => {
     const toastId = toast.info('Import started', {
       description: 'Preparing assets and metadata for processing.',
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ const UpdateExamples = () => {
   )
 }
 
-const ToastDocsDemo = () => {
+function ToastDocsDemo() {
   return (
     <React.Fragment>
       <ExampleToastHost manager={manager} />
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/src/tooltip/index.stories.tsx b/packages/dify-ui/src/tooltip/index.stories.tsx
index 0468cd6c011..4110f068439 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/src/tooltip/index.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/src/tooltip/index.stories.tsx
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ const PLACEMENTS: TooltipPlacement[] = [
   'left-end',
 ]
 
-const PlacementsDemo = () => {
+function PlacementsDemo() {
   const [placement, setPlacement] = React.useState<TooltipPlacement>('top')
 
   return (
@@ -158,24 +158,26 @@ const DELAY_PRESETS: Array<{ label: string; delay: number }> = [
   { label: 'Default', delay: 600 },
 ]
 
-const DelayDemo = () => (
-  <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
-    {DELAY_PRESETS.map(({ label, delay }) => (
-      <TooltipProvider key={delay} delay={delay}>
-        <Tooltip>
-          <TooltipTrigger
-            render={
-              <DifyIconButton aria-label={`${label} (${delay}ms)`} size="lg" variant="secondary">
-                <span aria-hidden className="i-ri-timer-line size-4" />
-              </DifyIconButton>
-            }
-          />
-          <TooltipContent>{`${label} (${delay}ms)`}</TooltipContent>
-        </Tooltip>
-      </TooltipProvider>
-    ))}
-  </div>
-)
+function DelayDemo() {
+  return (
+    <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
+      {DELAY_PRESETS.map(({ label, delay }) => (
+        <TooltipProvider key={delay} delay={delay}>
+          <Tooltip>
+            <TooltipTrigger
+              render={
+                <DifyIconButton aria-label={`${label} (${delay}ms)`} size="lg" variant="secondary">
+                  <span aria-hidden className="i-ri-timer-line size-4" />
+                </DifyIconButton>
+              }
+            />
+            <TooltipContent>{`${label} (${delay}ms)`}</TooltipContent>
+          </Tooltip>
+        </TooltipProvider>
+      ))}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
 
 export const WithDelay: Story = {
   parameters: {
diff --git a/packages/dify-ui/vite.config.ts b/packages/dify-ui/vite.config.ts
index 96795f13c4d..ef0b5271b14 100644
--- a/packages/dify-ui/vite.config.ts
+++ b/packages/dify-ui/vite.config.ts
@@ -15,16 +15,6 @@ export default defineConfig({
   resolve: {
     tsconfigPaths: true,
   },
-  optimizeDeps: {
-    include: [
-      'vite-plus/test/browser',
-      '@daypicker/react/locale/en-US',
-      '@daypicker/react/locale/ar-TN',
-      '@daypicker/react/locale/fa-IR',
-      '@base-ui/utils/useStableCallback',
-      '@base-ui/utils/useTimeout',
-    ],
-  },
   test: {
     browser: {
       expect: { toMatchScreenshot: { screenshotDirectory: './.vitest-browser/screenshots' } },